纳米晶软磁材料的磁性能

介绍了纳米晶软磁材料所具有的独特结构和优异的磁性能。从纳米晶软磁材料的微观组织结构和宏观磁特性紧密相关的角度，探讨了铁基纳米晶合金的结构与磁性之间的依赖关系。     

(Fe0.5 Co0.5)73.5 Cu1 Mo3 Si13.5 B9合金高温磁性的研究

研究了460～580℃等温退火(30min)后纳米晶(Fe0.5 Co0.5)73.5 Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9合金高温软磁性能.结果表明,在Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9纳米晶合金中用Co取代部分Fe仍可形成双相纳米晶结构,并且可显著提高合金的高温特性.与Fe73.5Cu1Mo3Si13.5B9纳米晶软磁合金相比,其室温μi略有下降,但表征高温磁稳定性的居里温度明显提高,同时磁导率在高温下衰减变缓,从而拓宽了纳米晶软磁材料的高温使用范围.文中初步探讨了用Co取代部分Fe后使高温特性得到改善的机理.     

热处理对贮氢合金结构和特性影响的研究

主要针对采用双辊快淬法制备获取的纳米晶稀土贮氢合金热处理前后相结构和PCT特性的变化进行了研究.X射线衍射、SEM、PCT测试结果表明,经热处理后合金的晶粒尺寸仍保持为纳米晶,从而有利于大电流充放电;合金的晶格缺陷减少,吸放氢平台斜率降低,磁滞减少,成分均匀性明显提高,这些都有利于提高合金的充放电稳定性.     

用Co部分置换Fe对Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金高频磁性的影响

研究了(Fe100-xCox)73 5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9(x=0、50)纳米晶软磁合金的高频磁特性.结果表明,用Co部分置换Fe后,仍可形成纳米晶结构,并且可以显著提高合金的高频特性.与典型的Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9纳米晶软磁合金相比,其复数磁导率实部μ略有下降,但表征损耗的复数磁导率虚部μ"却大幅度降低,从而可显著提高软磁材料的截止使用频率fr及品质因数Q,本文初步探讨了在Fe73 5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金基础上,用Co置换Fe而使高频特性得到改善的机理.     

铁基纳米晶软磁粉芯研制进展概述

1988年Yoshizawa等报道了著名的Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金,它具有饱和磁感高,磁导率高,稳定性好及热处理后带材变脆容易加工成合金粉等特点.由于其性能优异,价格低廉,其粉末及粉末制品用作磁性器件的研究开发工作得到迅速发展.目前,铁基纳米晶软磁粉芯正沿着高频、多功能方向发展,其应用领域将遍及软磁材料应用的各方面.概述了磁粉芯的发展及铁基纳米晶软磁粉芯制备与性能研究.     

(Fe50Co50)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金的微观结构及软磁性能

研究了(Fe50Co50)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金晶化过程中的微观结构及形成纳米晶后的合金软磁性能,发现在FINEMET合金基础上,用Co置换1/2含量Fe形成的(Fe50Co50)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶合金具有相对较高居里温度Tc≈450℃,460℃退火处理后(Fe50Co50)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金形成均匀纳米晶组织,晶粒度约为20nm.     

用环形试样测定软磁材料磁各向异性的研究

采用趋近饱和定律测定了纳米晶合金环形试样有效磁各向异性常数＜K＞.为了对比测量的准确度,同时测试了传统的晶态坡莫合金环形试样的磁晶各向异性.结果表明,用环形试样可以完成对低矫顽力的软磁材料进行磁各向异性的测定.     

机械合金化制备FeMB纳米晶软磁材料的研究

介绍了一类重要的高性能软磁材料FeMB纳米晶合金的研究情况,重点论述了机械合金化法制备原理、过程参数和后续处理工艺对合金软磁性能和热稳定性的影响,以及材料的应用前景.     

纳米晶软磁合金环形试样有效磁各向异性的研究

采用趋近饱和定律首次测定了纳米晶合金环形试样有效磁各向异性常数〈K〉.为了对比测量的准确度,同时测试了传统的晶态坡莫合金环形试样的磁晶各向异性.结果表明,用环形试样可以完成对低矫顽力的软磁材料进行磁各向异性的测定.     

宽过冷液相区铁基非晶合金的形成和磁性

用熔体急冷法制备出具有明显的玻璃转变和较宽的过冷液相区的Fe-Co-(Nb)-Zr-B非晶合金,研究了热稳定性和软磁性能。结果表明,在Fe-Co-Zr-B四元合金中添加适量的Nb可以显著扩大过冷液相区,提高合金的热稳定性。当冷却速率降低时,急冷合金具有非晶和纳米晶的复相结构。非晶合金的饱和磁化强度随Nb含量的增加而减小。不同Nb含量的非晶合金的饱和磁致伸缩系数均较低。在低于晶化温度的温度下退火可以有效地降低矫顽力,改善软磁性能。晶化导致软磁性能降低。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.