基于改进型层次聚类算法的可重构制造系统的产品族划分

针对可重构制造系统的产品族划分问题,提出了基于改进型层次聚类算法的可重构制造系统的产品族划分方法。首先对影响产品族划分的因素进行分析,基于产品的结构矩阵以及组成产品的各模块间的相关性矩阵确定了各因素的指标值,建立了各个因素相似度矩阵,然后利用层次分析法获得各指标的权重,获得产品的综合相似度矩阵,利用改进型层次聚类算法实现产品族的划分。最后通过实例验证了改进型层次聚类算法与层次聚类算法具有相同的划分结果,但是改进型层次聚类算法有更低的计算复杂度与更高的效率。     

基于功能蚁树的定制客户动态聚类

在分析定制客户需求特点和产品族模型构成的基础上,提出了一种根据功能结构模型进行定制客户动态聚类划分的新方法。采用面向对象的技术,将功能作为产品族的特征属性与产品族结构封装,建立了产品族功能结构模型;应用蚂蚁聚集行为的聚类方法,以产品族功能结构模型为分类模式,设计了基于功能蚁树的客户动态聚类算法。并以多功能沥青混凝土摊铺机产品的定制客户聚类划分为例,进行聚类分析,聚类结果能直观地反映各功能结构模块动态需求变化。     

基于可拓逻辑的产品族可配置规划研究

为更好地处理产品族可配置规划大量带有矛盾前提的知识,通过顾客需求获取、可拓变换和可拓聚类等方法来解决配置需求动态增加、配置阈值确定和冲突消解等三个问题,提出了基于可拓逻辑的产品族可配置规划模型.首先通过共轭分析法得到需求基元,建立需求与产品族结构特征之间的映射关系,利用町拓规则推理,从定性角度得到能够满足顾客需求的一系列产品.然后在需求基元图中,应用变换矩阵对需求基元加以变换,由顾客根据变换结果再次输出需求基元,与最初需求基元计算相容度,利用改进的遗传算法动态取得配置阈值来判断变换的可行性.最后,利用可拓聚类和聚类图理论实现产品族内部的稳定模块和可变模块的划分.该方法已应用于冰箱原型系统设计.     

基于功构单元的产品族规划方法

为更好地支持面向客户的产品多样化设计,提出了一种基于功构单元的产品族规划方法。该方法中,针对聚类细分的产品族客户需求,对其基本功能、扩展功能展开FBS(功能-行为-结构)进行功构分解,建立不同层次的功构单元;通过质量功能配置方法确定产品族及其功构单元的特征参数及其取值范围;采用功能流和IDEF0相结合的方法建立产品族FBS功构分解的底层功构单元的功能模型;基于该功能模型,通过谱系聚类建立产品族的不同层次的功构模块,确定基本功构模块、扩展功构模块;并由此通过功构单元结构及其特征参数的综合而建立基本模块族、扩展模块族,从而实现产品族规划。该方法应用于堆垛机的产品族规划,建立了堆垛机的功构模块及其产品族结构模型,从而验证了其可行性和有效性。     

基于功构单元的产品族规划方法

为更好地支持面向客户的产品多样化设计,提出了一种基于功构单元的产品族规划方法。该方法中,针对聚类细分的产品族客户需求,对其基本功能、扩展功能展开FBS(功能-行为-结构)进行功构分解,建立不同层次的功构单元;通过质量功能配置方法确定产品族及其功构单元的特征参数及其取值范围;采用功能流和IDEF0相结合的方法建立产品族FBS功构分解的底层功构单元的功能模型;基于该功能模型,通过谱系聚类建立产品族的不同层次的功构模块,确定基本功构模块、扩展功构模块;并由此通过功构单元结构及其特征参数的综合而建立基本模块族、扩展模块族,从而实现产品族规划。该方法应用于堆垛机的产品族规划,建立了堆垛机的功构模块及其产品族结构模型,从而验证了其可行性和有效性。
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基于多目标萤火虫算法的可调节产品族优化设计

在多平台可调节产品族优化设计下,针对无先验信息时产品族共性与差异性合理平衡的复杂性,提出以共性最大及平均性能损失最小的可调节产品族多目标约束优化模型。借鉴“非支配排序＋拥挤度排序”思想,对传统的萤火虫亮度比较操作及亮度更新操作方法进行改进,提出一种适用于求解多目标约束优化模型的改进型萤火虫算法;构造具有共性可变能力的双层结构人工萤火虫个体表达模式,用于求解可调节产品族优化模型。通用电动机产品族优化设计案例的仿真实验,验证了所提模型和算法的有效性。     

包含构件成组约束的多目标产品架构模块划分

针对传统的基于设计结构矩阵和设计产品矩阵/模块指示矩阵的产品模块划分方法中优化解往往不符合特定构件局部成组的实际要求、粒度过大等问题,提出一种包含局部成组约束条件的多目标优化方法。设计人员根据设计结构矩阵和设计产品矩阵/模块指示矩阵的单独聚类结果以及先验知识确定所期望的特定构件局部成组方案。建立以设计结构矩阵的模块度、设计产品矩阵/模块指示矩阵的正交度和模块内聚度为优化目标、以局部成组方案为约束条件的聚类优化模型。采用改进型非支配排序遗传算法对该问题进行求解,得到Pareto解集;利用逼近理想解排序法帮助设计人员在Pareto解集中选择出合适的折衷解作为模块划分方案。以手提式吸尘器的模块划分为例,运用数值仿真手段验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

考虑两两模块之间关联关系的产品模块划分方法

针对产品模块化设计问题,考虑了零部件之间的非对称及两两模块之间关联关系,提出了一种产品模块划分方法。通过设计结构矩阵来表达产品零部件之间的关联关系,利用FCM算法对零部件进行聚类,分析了两两模块之间可能存在不同的依赖关系,以模块内聚度和模块间耦合度为目标,建立了模块度准则,从而得到合理的模块划分方案。最后以起重机吊钩组为实例说明了产品模块划分过程。     

基于公理设计和设计关联矩阵的产品平台设计新方法

产品平台是产品族设计的核心内容,合理地构建产品平台是提高产品设计可适应能力的关键。以公理设计为指导框架,以功能需求分析为出发点,提出一种产品平台设计新方法。该方法借鉴Kano模型,从用户需求的角度,将产品功能要求分为基本功能要求、期望功能要求和附加功能要求;基于公理设计原理,将产品功能要求映射为产品设计参数,建立设计矩阵;通过分析设计参数与各类功能要求之间的影响,构建产品设计关联矩阵,利用可拓聚类算法对设计关联矩阵进行聚类运算,将实现产品族基本功能要求的模块定义为公用模块;在此基础上,通过分析设计参数的灵敏度来选择公共平台参数,利用聚类分析以规划它们在产品平台中的共享策略。通过电力液压块式制动器产品族的平台设计实例,验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

面向大批量定制设计的定制客户动态聚类方法研究

通过分析现有客户聚类存在的不足，面向大批量定制设计提出了根据功能结构模型进行客户动态聚类划分的新方法。采用面向对象的技术，
将功能作为产品族的特征属性与产品族结构封装，建立了产品族功能结构模型；应用蚂蚁自我聚集行为的聚类原理，以产品族功能结构模型为分类模式，以动态定制客户集为模式样本，提出了基于功能结构蚂蚁树的定制客户动态聚类算法。在自行开发的工程机械产品定制服务平台上，以摊铺机定制客户的聚类划分为例进行了实验验证。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...