基于绿色化工的化学反应路径选择

In the preliminary stage of chemical process design, the choice of chemical reaction route is the key design decision, and the concepts of atom utilization and environmental quotient have become extremely useful tools. However, the waste quality such as chemical toxicity and other engineering factors have not been taken into account. Therefore, a synthetic route selection index, /Route, is proposed to determine the suitability of a chemical route in this paper. /Route considers the effects of “extended atom economy”, material renewability, chemical characteristics and some engineering factors. The extended atom economy concept regards not only the value of the desired product but also the value of byproducts. The methodology by using IRoute to compare different routes is illustrated in case study of cyclohexanone oxime and acrylonitrile manufacture.     

化工原理教学中技术经济意识的培养

本文探讨了化工原理教学中技术经济意识的培养方法.从资源可替代的角度入手,通过单元过程选择、设备选择、操作参数选值这三个层面,系统阐述如何培养学生优化化工过程的经济意识.     

化学工程的技术进展与化学工业的发展态势

从学术角度介绍化学工程学科的技术进展，化学工程作为一级工程学样正与相关学科结合，形成新的边缘与交叉学科，占领新的学术领域；同时还从工艺角度介绍化学工业的发展态势，化学工业作为国民经济的支柱行为，正向原料多样化，产品精细化，技术高新化的方向发展。     

化学工程与工艺专业核心课程体系建设

文章从如何培养服务于北部湾经济社会发展的优秀复合型石化技术人才角度出发,结合专业教学改革,探讨了以石油化工和精细化工为培养方向的化学工程与工艺专业学科核心课程体系的构建及优化问题。指出必须建立一套结合区域特色经济、强调过程开发和工程实践能力培养的核心课程体系,从而培养熟悉地方经济特色、具备一定化学工程设计能力的地方急需的复合型石化技术人才。     

可持续发展与现代化工科学

综述了现代化工过程工程科学与技术是工程技术基础中的重要组成部分,为了实现化工可持续发展,化工工作者需从多方面交叉研究：(1)开发新型催化剂和新的合成与分离途径(流程);(2)发展绿色化学工程技术,采用新型高效的绿色化工技术与装备,强化化工过程,优化系统集成;(3)构筑强大的现代化学工程学科学基础;(4)发展循环经济;(5)建设生态工业园区,并提倡绿色消费。评述了化工可持续发展的一些具体途径和方法。     

化工建设计划管理

在我国市场经济的不断完善的新形势下,对项目建设的规范化要求也越来越高,加强化工工程项目建设的进度管理已成为市场经济的需求。计划管理是以现代科学方法确定进度目标,通过把工期目标和任务层层分解,编制合理的进度计划与资源供应计划进行进度控制,在与其它目标相协调的基础上实现工期目标。针对化工工程项目存在的问题从组织机构、技术、质量、安全、生产资源等方面制定了保证措施,通过应用WBS对项目进行细化和分解,制定进度计划,确定影响项目进度的关键路径,并进行重点控制。     

Chemical Engineering Education in the Next Century

This paper summarizes the work of the EFCE Working Party Education (WPE) over the last decade and attempts to identify effective educational solutions to meet the challenges caused by the rapid rate of change in technology and society world‐wide. The paper uses the results of the 1994 WPE survey of curricula in European Chemical Engineering Universities to identify a first degree level core curriculum. The problem of how to adapt the discipline to meet technological and societal changes without losing its identity is addressed. Basic sciences, chemical engineering science, integrated systems design and holistic thinking are emphasized as essential elements of the discipline. The paper discusses how Safety, Health and Environment (SHE), biotechnology, computerized models, product design, sustainability and other new subjects have been incorporated into chemical engineering curricula since the original survey. A simple model of the education process is presented to indicate how students might obtain a chemical engineering understanding and mindset. The paper explains how chemical engineering evolved from its origins in the petrochemical, heavy chemical and nuclear industries, to its current wide range of applications in industries, such as fine chemicals, food, pharmaceuticals, software, and cybernetics. It is suggested that the impact of changes arising from industry, new technology and society has driven the chemical engineering discipline to a point where it is now ripe for re‐invention. The effects of rapid industrial, technological and societal change on chemical engineering education are studied against the backdrop of a discipline on the threshold of a significant change. The paper concludes by identifying curriculum development, personal development and life‐long learning as three important factors for educating chemical engineers for a successful future.     

浅谈21世纪的化学工程

在参考我国化工界已有战略研究的基础上,进一步分析了当前我国社会经济发展需求和世界科技发展的趋势,指出我国化学工程科学正面临难得的发展机遇,同时也面临多方位的挑战。化学工程作为一个共性的工程学科,既要适应其应用领域的扩展,更要充分利用科学技术发展带来的机遇,扩展深化自身的知识基础,为各种物质转化相关领域提供共性的理论、方法和技术。复杂系统理论的发展、计算技术的进步以及测试技术的提升,为化学工程科学的发展提供了新的动力;经济社会的进步,能源、资源与环境问题的突显以及高技术的发展,大大扩展了化学工程服务的领域。我们应当抓住这一机遇,适应这一变化,为解决能源、资源和环境等领域的瓶颈问题,推动高技术的发展做出贡献,开创化学工程新的发展阶段。     

化工类学生化工设计能力评价体系的建立

化工设计能力是化工类学生大学阶段综合能力的一种体现,考查学生化工设计能力,建立化工设计能力评价体系是必要的。评价体系包括化工原理等化工基础课程的掌握程度、国家和相关行业法规和设计规范熟练程度、物料衡算和热量衡算能力、化工软件熟练操作水平和化工设计课题实施能力;并通过布置化工设计方面的作业,让学生独立完成一项简单的化工设计,让学生了解化工设计的步骤、化工设计内容以及完成一项设计所需要的知识。基于化工设计课程考核,提出了试卷考试、学生课堂报告、设计实践和答辩等考核方式。     

化工主导产业链高级化与产业集群创新研究

产业集群的内涵比产业链丰富，既包括产业间的联系，还包括产业及其他相关机构间的联系，而且还强调空间的集聚。阂此，化工产业集群获得了单个企业所不具备的循环经济、集聚经济和知识溢出创新优势。集群通过节点级的企业创新、网络级的产业链创新和平台级的辅助机构创新，促使化工产业链的产品形态、价值形态和知识形态高级化。     

浅谈化工设计课程的改革

化工设计是化学工程与工艺专业一门重要的专业课,具有很强的工程实践性。文章介绍了化工设计课程的特点和存在的问题,探讨了化工设计课程在理论教学和实践教学等方面的改革,以适应新形势下化工人才的培养。     

Chemical engineering for the Anthropocene

The environmental and resource crises that confront human life on earth demand changes to the whole socio-economic metabolic system. The changes will affect all aspects of life, including the practice of chemical engineering. The historical association of the profession with the fossil carbon economy means that the expertise that makes up chemical engineering must be re-examined and repurposed urgently if the discipline is to play a full role in the socio-economic transition. In this article, we review the historical development of chemical engineering to identify its unique features and find ways in which it can change to meet the challenge. A pattern of 30-year cycles in the development of the discipline is revealed, showing the way it has built up by incorporating approaches from other disciplines and also developing a unique set of skills and knowledge. Chemical engineering as taught needs to prepare graduates to operate under the kind of social contract embodied in declarations by professional bodies. We propose ways in which the expertise comprising chemical engineering can be applied in the ‘just transition’ to a less unsustainable society, including new approaches to plant and process design and also applications ‘outside the pipe’ to environmental modelling and industrial ecology. The unsustainability crisis results from a history of poor public and private decisions, so examination of the different types of decisions is timely. Specific roles for chemical engineers in deliberative decision processes are identified, including enhanced emphasis on risk and precaution.     

基础磷化工产业技术现状与发展趋势

全面分析了基础磷化工——热法与湿法磷加工产业的技术现状,指出基础磷化工面临着产品同质化、技术等同化、市场过剩的局面。要打破这种局面,必须走技术创新的道路,湿热并举、提高产业集中度是"十二五"期间的产业发展特点。基础磷化工技术发展重点是发展原子经济,实现原子价值最大化。     

化工软件在化工课程设计中的应用

化工课程设计是化工及相关专业非常重要的一个教学环节,具有综合性、实践性和工程性。本文介绍了ChemDraw、Aspen Plus和ChemCAD等化工软件在化工课程设计中的应用。结果表明,化工软件增强了学生学习兴趣,提高了课程设计的质量,强化了学生的计算机的应用能力,为学生走向未来的工作岗位打下了扎实的基础。     

原子利用率有效值的提出与讨论

针对原子利用率在衡量化工工艺绿色化程度方面存在的不足,通过对对苯二胺、3-硝基邻苯二甲酸、布洛芬等精细化学品生产工艺的分析与总结,综合考虑原子利用率和反应产率两方面因素,尝试性地提出了“原子利用率有效值(=原子利用率×反应产率)”的概念,用以衡量精细化工生产副产物的多少,并应用于间三氟甲基苯胺和邻(对)甲基苯腈的生产工艺绿色化程度的评价。     

浅谈化工设计课程教学改革

化工设计是化工专业培养学生工程能力的一门核心专业课程。本文主要从课程定位、师资力量、学生情况、工程环境及其它情况五个方面探讨了当前化工设计课程教学存在的问题,并结合自己的观点提出了一些解决措施,以期本文对于从事化工设计教学工作人员有一定的参考价值。     

《化工工艺学》课程教学改革的探讨

《化学工艺学》是化学工程与工艺专业本科生的专业选修课。为发展化工循环经济,实现化工可持续发展,有必要在《化工工艺学》课堂教学中结合化工产品工程和过程工程相关理论进行教学。结合产学研合作教育,提高学生的工程意识和创新意识是课程改革的熏要目标。     

化工专业化工设计课程教学改革的探索

针对我校化工专业自身特色,将化工设计课程教学与专业特色、实习环节、课程设计和毕业设计四者有效统一起来,有针对性对化工设计课程教学内容、教学方法和教学手段进行改革,促进课堂教学水平的提高,提升学生的专业工程设计实践能力,取得较好的教学效果。     

Chemical engineering design project undertaken through remote learning

The design project represents the culmination of a chemical engineering student’s degree, which is intended to enable students to demonstrate technical competency and achieve team-based learning outcomes. Conventionally the design project is taught through face-to-face learning, however recent circumstances around Covid-19 have required engineering degrees to pivot to remote learning and here the outcome of chemical engineering design project taught through remote learning is reported. The class was tasked with designing processes for vitamin B2, B3 or E production, based on teams of 5 students. The structure of the design project consisted of three major assessments tasks around process feasibility and development, unit operation designs and economics, with students required to undertake group as well as individual assessments. The process by which the design project was taught remotely is presented here; in terms of educator-student engagements, promotion of student interaction within teams, online tools and ensure students had access to appropriate software. The outcome was a successful final year design project for chemical engineering students, which achieved comparable performance outcomes to previous years’ face-to-face teaching as well as demonstration that student interactions within teams are vital to a successful outcome.     

化工现场设计实时数据处理系统研究

在化工项目建设过程中,设计变更与现场签证是影响建设投资与设计质量的关键因素之一,而现场数据的采集与使用是影响设计变更与现场签证的关键因素。以大唐多伦46万t/a煤制烯烃项目为例,介绍了GPS-RTK定位技术对现场位置数据的快捷自动采集;从现场有效数据的采集、标定、存储和AuotoCAD接口方法等方面研究了化工管道设备现场数据的处理方法。