激光辐照下GaAs表面腐蚀液滴自然浸润过程及其边缘刻蚀特性

研究了激光辐照下GaAs表面酸性腐蚀液滴的浸润及其腐蚀特性,实验获得了激光辐照下H2SO4-H2O2液滴在GaAs表面的浸润过程以及液滴边缘方位、晶体取向等差异对GaAs半导体表面刻蚀效果的影响,得到了有价值的结论.实验结果表明,腐蚀液液滴在GaAs表面随着时间向外扩散,腐蚀现象由中心向四周逐渐减弱,并在边缘部分出现不完全腐蚀现象;通过对同一液滴的不同位置的边缘进行观察发现液滴边缘的腐蚀图样不完全相同,由于晶体的各向异性使腐蚀图样具有明显的方向性,此结论对半导体器件的加工工艺起着重要的理论补充作用.     

压电石英亚表面损伤层分析

压电石英基片在加工过程中会带来表面/亚表面损伤,这种损伤会直接影响电子器件的性能、稳定性及寿命。该文采用扫描电镜(SEM)观测与X-射线双晶回摆曲线检测化学腐蚀逐层剥离深度相结合的方法,定量分析了36°AT切压电石英基片亚表面损伤层厚度,并探讨了亚表面损伤层的形成原因及对器件性能的影响。     

铁电厚膜焦平面探测器微桥湿法刻蚀工艺研究

为了制备高性能铁电厚膜红外探测器,对硅材料的各向异性腐蚀机理及特性进行了探讨,开展了(100)硅片湿法各向异性腐蚀工艺研究.研究KOH摩尔比、腐蚀温度对si基片腐蚀特性的影响.在KOH与IPA混合腐蚀液腐蚀系统中,氢气泡可以快速的脱离硅表面,使得硅表面的形貌得到改善.结果表明:Si(100)面的腐蚀速度随着腐蚀液浓度和...     

腐蚀工艺条件对InP晶片表面状况的影响

对InP晶片的化学腐蚀特性进行了分析,研究了酸性腐蚀液(盐酸系列腐蚀液)的配比、腐蚀液温度等工艺条件对InP晶片腐蚀速率、表面腐蚀形貌和化学腐蚀片表面粗糙度的影响。研究结果表明,腐蚀液温度为室温时,改变腐蚀液配比,InP晶片的腐蚀速率变化不明显,而当腐蚀液温度发生变化时则腐蚀速率、晶片表面腐蚀形貌(显微镜下的表面状况)和化学腐蚀后晶片的表面粗糙度均有较大变化,当腐蚀液温度控制在一定范围时,晶片表面光洁,显微镜下观察到的腐蚀图形均匀一致。研究结果对确定InP晶体加工过程中的化学腐蚀工艺有一定的指导意义。     

42CrMo钢管内壁激光熔覆层粗糙度及显微硬度研究

发动机缸体在服役中会有外界粉尘颗粒伴随着柴油、汽油进入缸体内部,磨损并腐蚀破坏缸体表面,影响发动机的性能。为实现缸体表面的修复,采用输出光斑大小为15 mm×3 mm的宽带激光熔覆头对发动机缸体表面进行单道宽带激光熔覆修复试验。熔覆基体材料为42CrMo钢,熔覆粉末材料为Fe316L。研究激光功率、送粉速度、送气流量及扫描速度等参数对熔覆质量的影响以及各参数的影响权重,并求得最佳工艺参数为激光功率4 250 W,送粉速度3 r/min,送气流量5.1 L/min及扫描速度459 r/min,且在焦点处熔覆时,熔覆质量较高,熔覆层上表面粗糙度为2.19μm,熔覆层显微硬度为552.9 HV。     

车削加工硫化锌晶体工艺

随着硫化锌晶体光学元件在红外光学系统中的广泛应用,对其表面质量的要求越来越高,但由于该材料的脆性特点,很难获得高质量的表面粗糙度。为了获得高质量的硫化锌晶体表面,首先,介绍了基于单点金刚石车床的车削加工与飞切加工的技术原理,以及影响表面粗糙度的因素。然后,通过工艺实验,采用单一变量法,研究了不同参数的金刚石刀具和不同的加工参数对硫化锌平面元件的表面粗糙度的影响。采用显微镜和白光干涉仪对加工表面的质量进行了检测,并反馈了优化加工参数。最后,基于最优加工参数,采用两种加工方式均获得了表面粗糙度Sa为1 nm左右的高质量硫化锌平面光学元件。该研究结果对高质量硫化锌光学元件的研制提供了技术支持,具有广泛的工程应用价值。     

InGaAs/InP材料的MOCVD生长研究

研究了InGaAs/InP材料的MOCVD生长技术和材料的性能特征。InP衬底的晶向偏角能够明显影响外延生长模型以及外延层的表面形貌,用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察到了外延层表面原子台阶的聚集现象(step-bunching现象),通过晶体表面的原子台阶密度和二维生长模型解释了台阶聚集现象的形成。对外延材料进行化学腐蚀,通过双晶X射线衍射(DCXRD)分析发现异质结界面存在应力,用异质结界面岛状InAs富集解释了应力的产生。通过严格控制InGaAs材料的晶格匹配,并优化MOCVD外延生长工艺,制备出厚层InGaAs外延材料,获得了低于1×1015cm-3的背景载流子浓度和良好的晶体质量。     

雾化施液CMP工艺优化

通过改进抛光雾液供液系统,结合超声波雾化技术对原雾化施液CMP实验系统进行优化,并进行了工艺实验。通过单因素试验研究雾化参数对抛光结果的影响,利用正交试验得到最优工艺参数组合,并在相同条件下将雾化抛光与传统抛光进行比较。结果表明:该实验系统的最优参数组合为雾化器电压50 V、抛光压力8 psi(1 psi=6 895 Pa)、抛光盘转速为70 r/min,此时材料去除速率为171.853 nm/min,表面粗糙度为4.76 nm。与传统抛光相比材料去除速率稍低,但表面粗糙度要好,且抛光液消耗量(1.03 g/min)约为传统抛光(10 g/min)的1/10。由于雾化器将抛光液中分子结构打散形成大量雾液,从而减少抛光液中磨粒团聚,同时雾化液更能均匀分散吸附在抛光垫上,增加了参与抛光的有效磨粒数,有利于材料去除和形成高质量表面。     

聚晶金刚石复合片激光切割工艺研究

聚晶金刚石(PCD)复合片因其硬度高、耐磨性好等性能在刀具行业应用广泛,为了探究PCD复合片的激光切割工艺特性,获取最优的切割质量和加工效率,减少磨削余量,采用Nd∶YAG激光器对1.6 mm厚PCD复合片进行切割工艺试验。利用数字显微镜和光学轮廓仪对材料切割表面及断面进行观测分析,系统研究了激光功率、切割速度、脉冲频率及离焦量等工艺参数对切割质量的影响。通过正交试验的直观分析与方差分析对工艺参数进行分析与优化设计,同时探究不同参数下激光能量对材料的作用机理。结果表明:材料表面能量密度的大小决定着激光切割质量,选用激光功率80 W,切割速度80 mm/min,脉冲频率60 Hz,零离焦量的切割参数,获得了切缝宽度为173.10 μm,切缝单边锥度为5.90°,表面粗糙度Ra=0.65 μm 的优良PCD复合片激光切割质量。     

TMAH+Triton中Si湿法腐蚀机理研究现状

在微机电系统(MEMS)领域硅各向异性湿法腐蚀是制作许多元器件的一项重要技术,加入非离子型表面活性剂的腐蚀液可以在硅基片上制作出各种形状,但是对于真正的腐蚀机理还有待进一步研究。介绍了硅湿法腐蚀机理的研究现状,通过不同腐蚀条件下得出的不同腐蚀结果分析其腐蚀机理。介绍了当非离子型表面活性剂加入碱性溶液时固体表面的活性剂吸附层结构,重点介绍了表面活性剂Triton X-100加入各向异性碱性腐蚀剂四甲基氢氧化铵(TMAH)后对活性剂吸附状态和硅腐蚀速率产生影响的根本原因。不同晶向硅表面的H基和OH基数量会影响其表面活性剂的吸附能力,硅在纯TMAH腐蚀液和加入活性剂Triton后的TMAH腐蚀液中的腐蚀速率存在一定差异,高质量分数的TMAH下加入不同体积分数的Triton时,不同晶面在活性剂吸附和腐蚀速率上也存在不同,给出了出现这些现象的机理分析。研究硅腐蚀机理可以为器件设计提供有效的理论支持,有助于制作更多新的MEMS结构。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.