6061铝合金热压缩变形条件对流变应力的影响及其本构方程的研究

文章根据热压缩试验数据,应用一元线性回归和多元线性回归方法,研究了6061铝合金材料的流动应力与温度、应变速率和应变之间的关系,并根据试验数据确定了6061铝合金材料的本构方程。研究表明,6061铝合金热压缩塑性变形时的流变应力和应变速率之间的关系满足双曲正弦函数关系式;其热压缩塑性变形时流变应力的双曲正弦对数项与绝对温度倒数之间满足线性关系,其高温压缩变形受热激活能的控制。     

基于热加工图的6061铝合金热压缩变形特性研究

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对6061铝合金进行等温热压缩试验,研究变形温度为300~450℃、应变速率为0.01~10s-1、压缩量为60%条件下合金的热变形特性,分析其高温流变应力行为,依据动态材料模型建立热加工图并结合热变形组织分析6061铝合金的热变形机制。结果表明,6061铝合金流变应力随变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低而下降,其高温软化机制以动态回复为主;合金在高应变速率下普遍存在流变失稳,最佳热加工区间变形温度为430~450℃,应变速率为0.01~0.05 s~(-1),该工艺范围内合金出现了部分动态再结晶组织。     

汽车用铝合金零件的半固态压铸数值模拟

对采用近液相线铸造法制备的6061铝合金半固态坯料进行热模拟压缩试验,根据试验获得的6061铝合金不同温度与应变速率下的应力—应变曲线,采用多元回归线性方法建立能够表征6061铝合金半固态变形行为的本构方程。根据Stefan等研究学者提出的半固态浆料的表观黏度与热模拟压缩试验中的应变速率等参数间的关系式,对表观黏度和剪切速率之间的关系进行了研究。应用仿真软件ANYCASTING模拟充填速度对6061铝合金半固态触变压铸过程的影响。结果表明:Bingham模型中表观黏度等各个参数的确定符合实际生产经验值,为6061铝半固态合金零件触变压铸过程的研究提供了一定的理论基础。     

6061铝合金半固态本构方程的研究

采用Gleeble3800热模拟试验机,对采用近液相线半连续铸造方法制备的6061铝合金半固态坯料进行热模拟压缩试验,研究变形温度为585℃~605℃、应变速率为0.01/s~10/s时,变形温度和应变速率对变形行为的影响。结果表明,半固态铝合金的流动应力随变形温度的升高而降低,随应变速率的增大而增大。以半固态触变压缩试验结果为基础,建立了反映半固态6061铝合金变形行为的本构方程,并进行回归分析。结果表明,该模型具有良好的精度,试验确定的6061铝合金本构关系的适用温度范围为585℃~605℃,应变速率范围为0.01/s~10/s。     

铝合金6061的热变形力学行为与微观组织演化规律

对于具有柱状晶的铝合金6061进行了圆柱体热压缩实验研究。通过实验获得了该种材料在不同温度不同应变速率条件下的真应力-应变曲线以及动态再结晶和晶粒细化的规律。应用峰值应力的实验结果计算出了该材料热变形过程的激活能,计算了每个实验条件的Z参数,得到了铝合金6061的热变形过程以及动态再结晶过程的主要特征变量作为Z参数的函数表达式。结果表明,当Z参数等于2×1026/s时热压缩实验过程动态再结晶引起的晶粒细化效果最好。     

6061铝合金高温拉伸流变行为

利用Gleeble3500热模拟试验机对6061铝合金进行高温拉伸实验,研究变形温度为365℃~565℃和应变速率为0.01s-1~1s-1条件下6061铝合金的高温拉伸流变行为。结果表明,6061铝合金属于正应变速率敏感材料,流变应力随应变速率的增加而增大,随温度的增加而降低;通过线性回归分析计算6061铝合金的应力指数n及变形激活能Q,获得其高温拉伸条件下的流变应力本构方程。     

TA1/6061铝合金双金属热变形行为及热加工图

以TA1/6061铝合金双金属为研究对象，采用Gleebe-3800热模拟试验机，在变形温度为350～500℃、应变速率为0.01～1 s^-1、变形量为40%的条件下进行了单向热压缩复合试验，研究了TA1/6061铝合金双金属的热变形行为，建立了TA1/6061铝合金双金属本构方程及热加工图。结果表明，TA1/6061铝合金双金属热变形过程中的流变应力随着温度的上升和应变速率的降低而减小；基于试验数据建立的Arrhenius本构方程可以有效预测特定真应变下的真应力，其相关性系数为0.99642,热变形激活能为231434 J·mol^-1;基于热加工图、SEM图像和EDS线扫描图像，确定最优热加工工艺窗口为：变形温度为482～500℃,应变速率为0.011～0.192 s^-1。     

等径角挤压6061铝合金半固态等温压缩变形行为

采用BC路径对6061铝合金进行了4道次等径角挤压,研究了在应变速率为0.05~0.50 s-1、等温处理温度为603~629℃条件下的半固态等温压缩特性,分析了变形温度及应变速率对真应力-真应变曲线的影响。结果表明,等温压缩过程中,6061铝合金的流动应力随变形温度的升高而降低,随应变速率的增加而升高;在变形过程中出现固-液偏析现象,变形较大时固-液偏析现象较明显。     

6061铝合金热变形行为的研究

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟实验机研究了6061铝合金在变形温度573～773 K、应变速率0.01～2 s-1、最大变形程度45%条件下的高温压缩变形行为,分析了合金在高温变形过程中流变应力与应变速率和变形温度之间的关系,建立了6061铝合金高温变形的本构关系.结果表明:合金的流变应力随变形温度的升高而降低,随应变速率的增大而增大;试验条件下,该合金的流变行为可用Zener-Hollomon参数来描述,变形激活能为236.858 kJ/mol,应力指数为8.926.     

6061铝合金低温快速流变行为的研究

采用圆柱体试样，在Gleeble-1500型动态热模拟试验机上进行低温快速压缩试验，研究了6061铝合金低温下快速变形的流变行为，并分析了其变形组织。结果表明，6061铝合金的流变应力随变形温度升高而降低，随应变速率提高而增大；在高应变速率下，发生了不连续动态再结晶；温升强烈地受变形程度的影响；低温快速变形可获得晶粒细小的组织。     

剪应力状态下6061铝合金的力学性能及断裂行为

对设计的拉伸剪切试样和原位拉伸剪切试样分别进行不同剪应变率下的拉伸剪切试验及原位拉伸剪切试验,研究6061铝合金在剪力状态下的力学性能及断裂行为,并用有限元软件ABAQUS对铝合金在剪应力状态下的断裂行为进行模拟。结果表明:随着剪应变率的增大,6061铝合金的剪切屈服强度和抗剪强度基本保持不变,但剪切断裂应变明显减小;剪应变率对试样的断口形貌没有影响;6061铝合金晶界是其最薄弱环节,在拉伸剪切过程中铝合金试样表面上产生了大量与拉伸方向平行的滑移带;微裂纹在剪应力作用下形核于与拉伸方向平行的滑移带和晶界,随着剪应力的增加,微裂纹长大和扩展;微裂纹之间通过剪切而连接导致试样断裂;6061铝合金剪切断裂行为可以用Johnson-Cook模型进行描述。     

SiC晶须增强6061Al基复合材料的热机械疲劳性能 Ⅰ．应力应变行为

对体积分数为15%和28%的SiCW/6061Al复合材料进行了同相和反相热机械疲劳（TMF）实验,研究了疲劳过程中的应力应变行为和变形机制。结果表明,两种材料在同相和反相加载下均表现为循环软化;反相加载产生拉伸平均应力,同相加载产生压缩平均应力;在相同应变范围下,高体积分数复合材料的循环应力范围比低体积分数复合材料的应力范围大。     

Mechanical properties and fracture behaviors on 6061 aluminum alloy under shear stress state

The mechanical properties and fracture behaviors of 6061 aluminum alloy were investigated by the tensile shear tests and in-situ tensile shear tests with tensile shear specimen devised. The results indicate that many slip bands parallel to tensile direction are produced on the surfaces of the specimens. With shear strain rates increasing, the shear yield stress and shear ultimate stress of 6061 aluminum alloy remain constant basically, but the shear fracture strain decreases obviously. The shear strain rates have no influence on the fracture surfaces. The grain boundaries of 6061 aluminum alloy are the weakest area and microcracks initiate at the grain boundaries parallel to tensile direction under shear stress. With the shear stress increasing, the microcracks extend and coalesce. The fracture of specimens is due to coalescence or shearing between the microcracks.     

Optimization of deformation parameters of dynamic recrystallization for 7055 aluminum alloy by cellular automaton

In order to simulate the microstructure evolution during hot compressive deformation, models of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) by cellular automaton (CA) method for 7055 aluminum alloy were established. The hot compression tests were conducted to obtain material constants, and models of dislocation density, nucleation rate and recrystallized grain growth were fitted by least square method. The effects of strain, strain rate, deformation temperature and initial grain size on microstructure variation were studied. The results show that the DRX plays a vital role in grain refinement in hot deformation. Large strain, high temperature and small strain rate are beneficial to grain refinement. The stable size of recrystallized grain is not concerned with initial grain size, but depends on strain rate and temperature. Kinetic characteristic of DRX process was analyzed. By comparison of simulated and experimental flow stress–strain curves and metallographs, it is found that the established CA models can accurately predict the microstructure evolution of 7055 aluminum alloy during hot compressive deformation.     

热处理工艺对6061铝合金筒形件旋压过程及其性能影响

为满足某6061铝合金筒形件产品较高的形状、尺寸精度及机械性能要求,对热挤压态6061铝合金管坯件旋前不同热处理工艺规范(退火、固溶、不完全退火和半同溶)进行了分析比较,研究获得不同热处理工艺规范对旋压成形过程及其性能的影响规律.结果表明,对热挤压态6061铝合金管坯件而言,在旋压成形前进行半固溶处理(即将管坯加热到4...     

Effect of laser shock processing on residual stress and fatigue behavior of 6061-T651 aluminum alloy

Laser shock processing is a very new technique and an emerging modem process that generates compressive stresses much deeper into the surfaces of metals or alloys. A brief parametric study of the effect of laser parameters on fatigue behavior and residual stress state generated in 6061-T651 alloy specimens was summarized. Residual stress of 6061-T651 alloy was analyzed both before and after laser processing with multishocks. The material remains in compressive residual stress of approximate 1 mm in depth which is approximately 10 times deeper than that can be achieved with the conventional technique, and the maximal compressive residual stress at the surface of the sample is about -350MPa. Near the surface, yield strength and hardness are found to be increased by the laser shock. The ratio of fatigue crack initiation life for the laser-shocked to unshocked specimens is found to be 4.9 for specimens. The results clearly show that LSP is an effective surface treatment technique for improving the fatigue performance of aluminum alloys.     

Effects of Oxide Inclusions on Flow Stress Behavior of 1235 Aluminum Alloy During Hot Compression

Flow stress characteristic of 1235 aluminum alloy treated by different purification methods was studied by dynamic thermo-simulation test. The effects of oxide inclusions on steady flow stress, peak stress, and true strain corresponding to peak stress were also examined in this study. The results showed that there is a steady flow feature in 1235 aluminum alloy during hot compression deformation. 1235 aluminum alloy with lower inclusion content shows higher strength, therefore, the plasticity and toughness are better and improve the hot-working character of the alloy. Therefore, reducing inclusion content is effective for improving the hot deformation character of aluminum foil (1235 aluminum alloy).