3自由度恰约束支链并联机构的静刚度分析

3自由度恰约束支链并联机构主要由动平台、静平台、3条无约束UPS主动支链和中间恰约束PU支链组成。采用螺旋理论求得驱动子雅克比矩阵和约束子雅克比矩阵,最终得到完整雅克比矩阵。通过虚功原理建立3自由度恰约束支链并联机构静刚度解析模型,采用刚度矩阵法通过MATLAB运动算例仿真得到整个工作空间范围内静刚度分布规律。结果表明:中间恰约束支链PU对全局刚度影响明显。     

4自由度混联机器人静刚度分析

研究一种新型混联机器人模块-Bicept的半解析刚度建模方法。该模块由一含恰约束支链的2自由度平面并联机构和一与动平台末端串接的2自由度转头构成,是Tricept机器人的一种二维形式,具有制造成本低,工作空间大的特点,配以长行程导轨,可用于飞机壁板数字化自动制孔等场合。在完成2自由度并联机构位置逆解分析和变形分析基础之上,基于全变形雅可比矩阵建立该机构的静刚度半解析模型。建模中考虑了所有支链构件及铰链的弹性贡献,并侧重研究其恰约束支链弯曲刚度的精确建模问题。通过算例获得Bicept机器人面内静刚度在工作空间中的分布规律,并通过ANSYS有限元分析软件验证了计算结果的正确性。     

一种少自由度并联机构静刚度研究

并联机构,尤其是用于机加工的并联机床都需要很高的刚度要求,因此建立其刚度模型就显得尤为重要。现有的刚度建模方法多是基于集中刚度模型,但是该方法的物理意义不够明确。基于螺旋理论建立了一种少自由度并联机构的刚度模型,该方法将驱动刚度和约束刚度区别对待,物理意义明确。通过计算并联机构空间自由度,并利用螺旋方程的反螺旋解法,得出并联机构的运动雅可比矩阵和约束雅可比矩阵,经组合得到少自由度并联机构的完全雅可比矩阵,从而建立了其静刚度模型。建立的静刚度模型可以作为少自由度并联机构的性能评价指标,同时又可以为分析其他过约束的少自由度并联机构提供理论支持。     

Tricept机械手静刚度解析建模方法

以Tricept机械手的3自由度球坐标型并联机构为例,提出含恰约束支链的球坐标型并联构型装备静刚度解析建模方法。该方法首先借助子结构综合思想将末端执行器位姿变形分解为无约束主动支链的拉压变形、恰约束支链的弯曲变形及其扭转变形3个部分,然后利用虚功原理和结构矩阵法建立各子结构系统的静柔度模型,最后借助线性叠加原理组集整机末端静柔度模型。在建模过程中,侧重研究恰约束支链弯曲刚度以及铰链刚度的建模方法。在此基础上,考察了Tricept机械手中3自由度并联机构静刚度在工作空间中的变化规律,并借助全局性能指标评价了主要构件柔度对整机柔度的贡献。     

并联机器人机构静刚度研究现状与展望

静刚度是并联机器人机构的一项重要性能评价指标,是并联机器人研究的热点领域之一。从有限元分析、静刚度解析模型、静刚度分析和静刚度设计等4个领域对并联机器人机构的静刚度研究现状进行了总结回顾,并对其未来发展趋势进行了分析。     

柔索牵引并联机构的静刚度分析

对柔索牵引并联机构的静刚度进行分析,推导静刚度的一般理论计算公式。结果表明,柔索牵引并联机构的静刚度矩阵可分解为两项:k1是动平台位姿变化产生的静刚度,与索张力相关;k2是索的位形变化产生的静刚度。柔索牵引的完全约束定位机构(Completely restrained positioning mechanism,CRPM)或过约束定位机构(Redundantly restrained positioning mechanism,RRPM),其静刚度主要取决于k2,仅与索的弹性性能和索力作用的雅可比矩阵相关,而与索张力的大小无关。对于柔索牵引的欠约束定位机构(Incompletely restrained positioning mechanism,IRPM),由于柔索悬链线的影响,其静刚度不仅与索的弹性性能和雅可比矩阵相关,而且与索张力的大小有关。通过一平面3自由度RRPM的算例和代表IRPM的500m口径球面射电望远镜馈源悬索支撑系统的静刚度比较分析,证明了关于静刚度理论计算模型的有效性。     

一种新型5自由度并联机构刚度分析

提出了一种新型含平面分支的少自由度并联机构。建立了该并联机构的虚拟样机模型,并分析了机构的自由度及结构特点。通过对平面闭环分支及约束分支的速度解析,推导了机构的6×6的雅克比矩阵。综合考虑了平面分支中上、下横梁的弹性变形及SPR分支中约束力作用下的弹性变形对并联机构刚度的影响,建立了该机构的整体刚度矩阵。将理论解析解与软件Solidworks Simulation的仿真结果对比,验证了所建刚度模型的正确性,为含平面分支少自由度并联机构的开发和应用提供了理论基础。     

基于QR分解的少自由度并联机构运动学及刚度分析

基于矩阵QR分解,提出一种具有通用性的少自由度并联机构运动学建模方法,建立少自由度机构正、逆一二阶影响系数矩阵,同时得到了少自由度并联机构操作端的速度、加速度的约束方程及一二阶约束矩阵。基于虚功原理,建立少自由度机构的柔度模型,并在此基础上推导出少自由度并联机构在各维方向刚度表达式。分析3RPS机构的运动学输出的耦合性,建立其柔度模型及方向刚度模型,并验证了此机构的结构约束对运动学的影响。通过机构在移动方向刚度及转动方向刚度的球面坐标分布,直观地描述少自由度并联机构的结构约束对其刚度性能的影响。     

并联机构工作空间与奇异位形综合研究

用矢量分析和几何分析的方法建立了平面3自由度并联机构工作空间的几何形状与结构参数的解析关系。将并联机构的奇异位形分为关节空间奇异和操作空间奇异,根据机构速度关系矩阵的特征,找出了机构全部的奇异位形,给出各种奇异位形的几何意义,得到极其简明的奇异位形的解析条件。采用MATLAB实例仿真,得到各类奇异位形在工作空间的轨迹和分布特征,提出确定机构无奇异位形最大工作空间的方法。     

全断面岩石隧道掘进机支撑-推进-换步机构静刚度分析

针对全断面岩石隧道掘进机(Tunnel boring machine,TBM)在施工作业过程中掘进轨迹经常偏离预设轨迹、严重影响掘进精度及效率的问题,研究其支撑-推进-换步机构刚度半解析建模方法。从分析机构的变形协调条件入手,构造出计及所有支链构件及末端自身弹性贡献的半解析静刚度模型,该模型综合考虑了复杂物理边条(围岩)、机械系统刚度及液压系统刚度。通过算例揭示整机静刚度在掘进全域随位姿的变化规律,并借助有限元分析软件验证了所建模型的正确性。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...