新型绿色农产品清洗减菌技术研究进展

微生物污染是引起生鲜农产品腐烂变质的重要原因,因此表面清洗减菌前处理作为生鲜农产品品质控制的关键技术,对减少微生物对农产品品质影响、延长货架期具有重要意义。该文介绍各类农产品的绿色清洗减菌新技术的技术原理和应用情况,并对其应用前景进行展望,以期为农产品表面清洗减菌技术的研究和应用提供参考。     

肉鸡屠宰加工中减菌工艺及抗菌剂的研究进展

肉鸡屠宰加工过程中的微生物控制对保障食品安全和人类健康具有重要意义。肉鸡屠宰加工过程中，浸烫、洗涤、冷却是微生物污染控制的重要环节，多种措施的联合使用可有效降低肉鸡胴体中微生物载量。其中次氯酸钠、氯化十六烷基吡啶、酸化亚氯酸钠等抗菌剂可有效减少肉鸡胴体中沙门菌、大肠埃希菌和弯曲菌等致病菌污染，但不同减菌环节及抗菌剂的使用剂量、作用时间等对减菌效果影响较大。本文综述了肉鸡屠宰加工过程中各环节微生物污染的控制措施，同时也对多种抗菌剂在上述工艺环节中的减菌效果进行系统阐述，以期为国内肉鸡屠宰加过程中微生物污染防控提供数据参考，促进肉鸡生产行业健康发展，保护消费者健康。     

无损检测技术在食品微生物检测中的应用与展望

食品安全问题影响着人们的身体健康、生命安全、社会经济生活乃至政治等方面.而微生物污染是造成食品安全问题的主要因素之一.食品微生物污染会引起食品腐败变质,甚至产生毒素造成食品中毒,危害人体健康.因此高效快速的检测食品中的微生物对于控制食品微生物污染和保障食品安全具有重要意义.无损检测技术是一种能快速、准确且无损害的对食品...     

微生物挥发性有机物检测及在食品安全监测中的应用

微生物挥发性有机物(MVOCs)是微生物生长代谢过程中产生的重要小分子化合物,是目前检测和防控食品受微生物污染的主要指标之一。本文全面综述了食品中MVOCs的分析检测技术及其在食品包装、贮藏、品质分析、腐败菌鉴定等监测食品安全方面的应用,对快速、准确、有效地评价食品微生物污染情况具有重要的现实意义。     

食品微生物质量控制技术专题征稿函

正病原微生物引起的食源性疾病已成为影响食品安全的头号问题,是食品安全的重大隐患。如何有效控制微生物污染已成为把控行业健康发展的重要因素,如何提高实验室检测能力,并科学运用食品微生物控制技术减少食品在生产加工等过程中的微生物危害,以先进的微生物检验控制技术预防微生物污染,已成为政府监管部门及食品企业关注的焦点问题之一。     

“食品微生物质量控制技术”专题征稿函

正病原微生物引起的食源性疾病已成为影响食品安全的头号问题,是食品安全的重大隐患。如何有敁控制微生物污染已成为把控行业健康发展的重要因素,如何提高实验室检测能力,幵科学运用食品微生物控制技术减少食品在生产加工等过程中的微生物危害,以先进的微生物检验控制技术预防微生物污染,已成为政府监管部门及食品企业关注的焦点问题之一。     

食品微生物质量控制技术专题征稿函

正病原微生物引起的食源性疾病已成为影响食品安全的头号问题,是食品安全的重大隐患。如何有效控制微生物污染已成为把控行业健康发展的重要因素,如何提高实验室检测能力,并科学运用食品微生物控制技术减少食品在生产加工等过程中的微生物危害,以先进的微生物检验控制技术预防微生物污染,已成为政府监管部门及食品企业关注的焦点问题之一。     

食品微生物质量控制技术专题征稿函

正病原微生物引起的食源性疾病已成为影响食品安全的头号问题,是食品安全的重大隐患。如何有效控制微生物污染已成为把控行业健康发展的重要因素,如何提高实验室检测能力,并科学运用食品微生物控制技术减少食品在生产加工等过程中的微生物危害,以先进的微生物检验控制技术预防微生物污染,已成为政府监管部门及食品企业关注的焦点问题之一。鉴于此,本刊特别策划"食品微生物质量控制技术"专题。由上海海洋大学赵勇教授担任专题主编。专题将围绕食品全链条微生物污染、食品微生物快速检测、食品微生物高效控制、食品微生物标准法规、食品微     

食品微生物质量控制技术专题征稿函

正病原微生物引起的食源性疾病已成为影响食品安全的头号问题,是食品安全的重大隐患。如何有效控制微生物污染已成为把控行业健康发展的重要因素,如何提高实验室检测能力,并科学运用食品微生物控制技术减少食品在生产加工等过程中的微生物危害,以先进的微生物检验控制技术预防微生物污染,已成为政府监管部门及食品企业关注的焦点问题之一。     

食品微生物质量控制技术专题征稿函

正病原微生物引起的食源性疾病已成为影响食品安全的头号问题,是食品安全的重大隐患。如何有效控制微生物污染已成为把控行业健康发展的重要因素,如何提高实验室检测能力,并科学运用食品微生物控制技术减少食品在生产加工等过程中的微生物危害,以先进的微生物检验控制技术预防微生物污染,已成为政府监管部门及食品企业关注的焦点问题之一。     

Effects of high‐pressure processing on fungi spores: Factors affecting spore germination and inactivation and impact on ultrastructure

Food contamination with heat‐resistant fungi (HRF), and their spores, is a major issue among fruit processors, being frequently found in fruit juices and concentrates, among other products, leading to considerable economic losses and food safety issues. Several strategies were developed to minimize the contamination with HRF, with improvements from harvesting to the final product, including sanitizers and new processing techniques. Considering consumers’ demands for minimally processed, fresh‐like food products, nonthermal food‐processing technologies, such as high‐pressure processing (HPP), among others, are emerging as alternatives to the conventional thermal processing techniques. As no heat is applied to foods, vitamins, proteins, aromas, and taste are better kept when compared to thermal processes. Nevertheless, HPP is only able to destroy pathogenic and spoilage vegetative microorganisms to levels of pertinence for food safety, while bacterial spores remain. Regarding HRF spores (both ascospores and conidiospores), these seem to be more pressure‐sensible than bacterial spores, despite a few cases, such as the ascospores of Byssochlamys spp., Neosartorya spp., and Talaromyces spp. that are resistant to high pressures and high temperatures, requiring the combination of both variables to be inactivated. This review aims to cover the literature available concerning the effects of HPP at room‐like temperatures, and its combination with high temperatures, and high‐pressure cycling, to inactivate fungi spores, including the main factors affecting spores’ resistance to high‐pressure, such as pH, water activity, nutritional composition of the food matrix and ascospore age, as well as the changes in the spore ultrastructure, and the parameters to consider regarding their inactivation by HPP.     

Current and emerging molecular diagnostic technologies applicable to bacterial food safety

There is an increasing need for rapid test methods to certify the quality and safety of food products. Current tests applied for the microbiological assessment of food products are based on standard approved culture-based isolation methods and can take several days to yield results. Nucleic acid diagnostic (NAD) tests for the identification of bacterial foodborne pathogens employing in vitro amplification technologies are capable of sensitive and specific detection of single or multiple pathogens in foods in a shorter timeframe than traditional methods. New developments in molecular biosensors have the potential to provide at-line bioanalysis, whereas microarray-based technologies may in the future be the NAD platforms of choice for multiple pathogen detection and identification. This article reviews current and emerging NAD platforms for foodborne bacterial pathogens that have the potential to impact food safety.     

Promising strategies to control persistent enemies: Some new technologies to combat biofilm in the food industry—A review

Biofilm is an advanced form of protection that allows bacterial cells to withstand adverse environmental conditions. The complex structure of biofilm results from genetic-related mechanisms besides other factors such as bacterial morphology or substratum properties. Inhibition of biofilm formation of harmful bacteria (spoilage and pathogenic bacteria) is a critical task in the food industry because of the enhanced resistance of biofilm bacteria to stress, such as cleaning and disinfection methods traditionally used in food processing plants, and the increased food safety risks threatening consumer health caused by recurrent contamination and rapid deterioration of food by biofilm cells. Therefore, it is urgent to find methods and strategies for effectively combating bacterial biofilm formation and eradicating mature biofilms. Innovative and promising approaches to control bacteria and their biofilms are emerging. These new approaches range from methods based on natural ingredients to the use of nanoparticles. This literature review aims to describe the efficacy of these strategies and provide an overview of recent promising biofilm control technologies in the food processing sector.     

Traceability in the Indian dairy industry: Concept and practice

The rise in milk adulteration and contamination, fraud incidents and improper handling necessitates effective traceability systems in the Indian dairy industry. Thus, this review investigates current trends, associated challenges, traceability and its fundamental applications to address food safety and quality issues. The paper covers the evolution of milk adulteration and contamination detection techniques from conventional to emerging. Such information and analytical technologies can improve transparency and safety in the dairy industry by implementing effective traceability systems. This review will explore the challenges and future opportunities associated with the current situation in the Indian dairy industry.     

HACCP在搅拌型酸牛奶生产中的应用

<正> 人类赖以生存的能源——食品,随着 食品生产工业化比重的增加,食品的不安全因素越来越多。特别是近几年来,国内的液态乳制品风波、婴儿奶粉事件,一次次惊起了广大消费者对食品工作特别是乳制品的关注,为了食品安全人们发明了许多方法和手段,其中危害分析与关键控制点(Hazard Analysis andcritical Control Point,简称HACCP)是行之有效的方法之一,正在世界范围推广应用。     

肉及肉制品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌交叉污染的研究进展

单核细胞增生李斯特菌（以下简称单增李斯特菌）是一种引起细菌性食物中毒的重要食源性病原菌,常因污染肉品而引发食物中毒事件,其中交叉污染是引起单增李斯特菌污染并导致食源性疾病的主要途径。本文综述了国内外肉及肉制品污染单增李斯特菌引发的流行病学情况、家庭厨房和肉品加工厂的交叉污染情况、交叉污染模型构建、交叉污染的预防与控制等,为维护家庭食品安全以及保障工厂食品加工卫生安全提供理论依据。     

非热杀菌技术在低温鸡肉制品致病菌控制中的应用研究进展

由于低温鸡肉制品具有较好的感官品质,能够保留鸡肉原有的营养,成为我国肉制品发展的一个趋势。低温鸡肉制品水分含量和pH值较高,在加工和贮藏过程中极易受到食源性致病菌的污染,影响产品的质量安全,甚至引发食源性疾病,因此采用合适的杀菌技术来解决致病菌的污染是低温鸡肉制品贮藏保鲜需要解决的关键问题。由于热杀菌技术不适合用于低温鸡肉制品的灭菌,非热杀菌技术的应用就显得尤其重要。目前,应用在低温鸡肉制品加工中的非热杀菌技术主要包括超高压、辐照、超声、低温等离子体、脉冲紫外线、脉冲电场和脉冲微波。本文主要综述以上7 种非热杀菌技术的杀菌机制以及在不同低温鸡肉制品加工应用时对致病菌的控制效果,为未来非热杀菌技术在低温肉制品加工中的应用提供参考。     

中国水产食品质量及安全控制研究进展

随着经济全球化的深入发展和食品贸易的不断扩大,中国水产食品加工业发展非常迅速,其质量和安全性已成为影响大众消费和工业健康可持续发展的关键因素,引起社会的广泛关注。为了充分掌握现阶段中国水产食品的质量安全控制状况,以便有效控制水产品的质量安全,本文对我国水产食品及质量安全控制现状、国外的先进质量控制技术和监管体系进行分析,并在对我国水产食品目前存在的问题进行总结的基础上,提出改善水产食品质量及安全控制的建议和改进措施。     

Reaction Kinetics at High Pressure and Temperature: Effects on Milk Flavor Volatiles and on Chemical Compounds with Nutritional and Safety Importance in Several Foods

Consumers demand, in addition to excellent eating quality, high standards of safety and nutrition in ready-to-eat food. This requires a continuous improvement in conventional processing technologies and the development of new alternatives. Prevailing technologies such as thermal processing can cause extensive and undesirable chemical changes in food composition while minimal processing strategies cannot eliminate all microbial pathogens. This review focuses on pressure-assisted thermal processing, a new alternative for shelf-stable foods. Its implementation requires an analysis of reaction kinetics at high pressure and elevated temperature. Acceleration of the inactivation of bacterial spores by the synergistic effect of pressure and temperature is expected to allow processing at lower temperature, shorter process time, or a combination of both. Therefore, thermal degradation of quality is expected to be lower than that of conventional thermal processes. However, few studies have focused on the effect of the conditions required for the inactivation of bacterial spores on the kinetics of chemical reactions degrading food quality, particularly at the high temperatures required for the processing of low-acid foods.     

谷物真菌毒素污染及其控制技术

谷物遭受真菌毒素污染,不但影响其品质,而且严重威胁人类的食品安全。本文综合分析了几种谷物真菌毒素的特性及其危害,阐述了真菌毒素的预防控制措施。