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以槟榔芋原淀粉为原料,采用球磨结合辛烯基琥珀酸(OSA)酯化方法制得复合改性淀粉,对其理化性质进行研究,并与原淀粉、酯化淀粉和球磨淀粉进行比较。结果表明:球磨淀粉的溶解度、膨润力和透明度均显著提高(P0.05),尤其是冷水溶解度,但其抗凝沉性、冻融稳定性和表观黏度却降低;酯化淀粉和复合改性淀粉的溶解度、膨润力、透明度、抗凝沉性、冻融稳定性和表观黏度均明显提高,由此可见槟榔芋原淀粉和球磨淀粉经OSA酯化改性后品质均得到明显改善,复合改性淀粉的表观黏度增加尤为明显,说明其具有更好的增稠性能。 相似文献
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研究了冻藏对小麦淀粉颗粒表面形态、理化性质、热力学性质及凝沉特性的影响。通过扫描电镜(SEM)检测冻藏小麦淀粉颗粒,发现部分淀粉颗粒表面有破损;对冻藏后的小麦淀粉溶解度、粘度、膨润力、蓝值等进行测定,结果显示冻藏后淀粉溶解度和粘度分别增大了48.6%、43.2%;膨润力、蓝值分别降低8.41%、28.5%;采用示差量热扫描(DSC)测定冻藏小麦淀粉热力学性质变化,发现冻藏小麦淀粉糊化热焓降低了47.3%,糊化温度起止范围降低了10.60%;凝沉值降低了47.2%。研究表明冻藏后的小麦淀粉颗粒形态,理化性质、热力学性质均发生了明显改变。 相似文献
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不同品种小米淀粉品质特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选取山东农科院提供4种小米(济12、济13、保18、复1)及山东省部分地区种植2种小米(市1、市2)作为研究对象,采用1%SDS法提取小米淀粉,对不同品种小米淀粉直链淀粉含量、可溶直链淀粉含量、凝沉性、膨润性、溶解度等进行研究,并对淀粉理化指标进行相关性分析。结果显示,不同品种小米直链淀粉含量为2.27%~31.98%,其中以市1品种含量最高;复1和市2膨润力和溶解度最大;凝沉性排列次序为:高直链小米淀粉(市1)>中直链小米淀粉(济12、济13、保18)>低直链小米淀粉(复1、市2);淀粉理化指标间进行相关性分析结论为:溶解度、膨润力、凝沉体积皆与直链淀粉含量呈显著负相关。 相似文献
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为研究汽爆甘薯渣对小麦粉中淀粉理化特性及面包品质的影响,将汽爆甘薯渣添加至小麦粉中,研究混合粉中淀粉的破损度、溶解度、膨润力、相对黏度、凝沉性及其面包制品的品质特性。结果表明,淀粉破损度和蓝值在汽爆甘薯渣添加量为6%时与未添加相比有显著性差异(P0.05);汽爆甘薯渣添加量为10%时,混合粉中淀粉的溶解度和膨润力均达到最大值,分别为(7.69±0.04)%和(3.53±0.08)%。混合粉中淀粉的相对黏度随汽爆甘薯渣添加量的增加而降低。随着汽爆甘薯渣添加量的增加,混合粉中淀粉的凝沉性增加。根据质构分析和感官评定结果综合分析,当小麦粉中添加8%的汽爆甘薯渣时,混合粉面包的品质最佳。 相似文献
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Starch was isolated from Barnard Red (a South African sorghum variety) and a Chinese sorghum sample. Starch and flour properties (gelatinization, pasting, and gel texture) were compared with those of a standard corn starch. Significant findings were: 1. Barnard Red starch had lower gelatinization temperature than either Chinese sorghum or corn starch; 2. starch gels of corn and Barnard Red were of similar hardness; 3. Barnard Red starch pastes had very high viscosity compared to corn and Chinese sorghum; 4. Barnard Red starch shear‐thinned more than its flour paste in the absence of amylase activity. 相似文献
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以芡实为原料制取芡实粉和芡实淀粉样品,研究了其糊化性、溶胀度、可溶指数、质构性和消化性等性质.结果表明,芡实淀粉样品的黏度明显高于芡实粉样品,芡实粉的峰值黏度与芡实淀粉相比降低了57.75%;随温度升高,芡实粉和芡实淀粉的溶胀度和可溶指数呈现递增趋势,但在较高温度下,芡实粉样品的溶胀度和可溶指数明显高于芡实淀粉样品;与芡实淀粉样品相比,芡实粉的凝胶的硬度减少了91.86%;芡实淀粉样品的快速消化淀粉含量明显高于芡实粉样品,但慢速消化淀粉的含量要低于芡实粉样品,抗性淀粉的含量高于芡实淀粉样品. 相似文献
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Harinder Singh Yung‐Ho Chang Navdeep Singh Sodhi Narpinder Singh 《Starch - St?rke》2011,63(5):291-301
Influence of prior acid treatment on acetylation of starch isolated from an Indian sorghum cultivar was investigated. The starch was acid thinned (AT) using 0.1, 0.5, and 1 M HCl for 1.5 h and then acetylated (Ac) with acetic anhydride (8% w/w). The acid thinning and subsequent acetylation appeared to reduce the percentage acetylation as indicated by degree of substitution. Ac‐AT starches exhibited significantly different physicochemical, thermal, pasting, and gel textural properties from those of AT and Ac starches. Starches after dual modification showed higher solubility, lower AM content, gelatinization temperatures, retrogradation, peak viscosity, and gel hardness than native starch. Enthalpy and range of gelatinization were observed to be higher in dual modified starches than native starch. However, no significant changes in granule morphology or crystalline pattern of Ac‐AT starches were observed compared with native starch. 相似文献
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Characteristics of waxy type starches isolated from amaranth, waxy millet and waxy sorghum harvested in Korea were evaluated. Shapes of all starch granules were polygonal or slightly round and the surfaces of waxy millet and waxy sorghum starch granules showed visible pores. Amylose contents of the three starches were between 3.2–6.0% and amaranth starch showed the highest water binding capacity (WBC) (130.7%). The swelling power and solubility of amaranth starch studied at 65.0–95.0°C increased about 13.7‐ and 14.0‐fold, respectively, with increase in temperature. Swelling power of waxy sorghum starch was the highest (72.6 at 95°C) among the starches studied, while amaranth starch had a constant swelling power and its rate of solubility increasely only slowly at temperatures higher than 75°C. From RVA data, initial pasting temperatures of amaranth, waxy sorghum and waxy millet starches were 75.7, 73.3 and 75.2°C, respectively. Peak viscosity, breakdown, and setback from trough of amaranth starch were 68.3, 16.7 and 7.5 RVU, respectively, which were the lowest values among the starches investigated. Using DSC, onset temperature of gelatinization of amaranth starch was 1.5–4.0°C higher than those of waxy sorghum and millet starches, corresponding to the RVA result. The enthalpies of gelatinization of the starches studied in our laboratory were in the range of 8.5–12.7 J/g with decreasing order of waxy sorghum > amaranth > waxy millet starch. 相似文献
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探讨橡子淀粉基本理化特性和其多酚组成。进行橡子淀粉碘液鉴定,润胀能力、水解能力、直链淀粉和支链淀粉含量测定,特征官能团傅里叶变换红外光谱分析,黏度变化流变仪分析,形貌显微镜观察,酚类物质组成HPLC和LC-MS分析。结果表明:橡子淀粉碘液生蓝紫色;润胀能力为(178. 00±13. 35) g/g;葡萄糖转化率为(0. 23±0. 025) g/g;直链淀粉和支链淀粉质量分数分别为19%和81%;橡子淀粉红外光谱峰型特征与马铃薯淀粉和糯米淀粉基本相似,黏度随温度变化类似马铃薯淀粉,形貌显微镜观察呈球形,多酚的质量百分数为(1. 60±0. 11)%,主要组分为鞣花酸(1. 54 g/100 g)和少量槲皮素(0. 064 g/100 g)。橡子淀粉具有一般淀粉的基本特性,其中酚类物质主要为鞣花酸。 相似文献
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Starch was isolated from fermented sorghum flour (24 h natural lactic acid fermentation), and water retention, starch solubility, clarity of starch pastes and freeze‐thaw stability were measured. In comparison with starch isolated from unfermented sorghum flour, fermentation increased the solubility of the starch and decreased the water retention, but it had no effect on the freeze‐thaw stability of the starch. There was no substantial difference in the starch paste clarity between the two samples. Storage of starch pastes at lower temperature (4°C) resulted in a very low clarity of starch. 相似文献
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多酚是一种从植物中提取的,具有降血糖、抗炎、抗氧化、抗癌和抗菌特性的化合物。在一定条件下,淀粉可以与多酚发生相互作用,形成两种类型的复合物。一种是非包合物,即酚类化合物的羟基和羰基与淀粉相互作用形成分子间聚集体;另一种是V型包合物,即酚类化合物部分包封在淀粉的内部疏水螺旋内。上述两种复合物均对降低淀粉消化率有积极作用,但受加工方式、淀粉和多酚种类的影响。因此,本文在总结上述因素对淀粉-多酚复合物理化及消化特性影响的基础上,指出目前淀粉-多酚复合物研究中存在的不足之处,提出进一步的研究重点,以期为淀粉-多酚复合物在不同食品中的应用提供参考。 相似文献
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3种高粱品种淀粉特性和酿造黄酒的风味品质分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以‘晋杂22号’、‘晋粱白2号’、‘晋粱白3号’3 种高粱为原料酿造黄酒,分析研究淀粉对黄酒风味品质的影响。对3 种高粱进行淀粉、直链淀粉、蛋白质和脂肪质量分数等理化指标的检测;并采用扫描电子显微镜分别对3 种高粱籽粒内部胚乳结构进行分析;对3 种高粱进行淀粉提取,检测其溶解度和膨胀度;并采用差示扫描量热仪检测3 种淀粉的糊化特性;采用3 种高粱进行发酵酿造黄酒,并对3 种高粱发酵过程中的挥发性风味物质的种类和质量浓度进行检测。结果表明,3 种黄酒分别检测到102、109、110 种风味物质,总质量浓度分别为392.210、344.342、635.695 mg/L,其中异丁醇、异戊醇、苯乙醇、十六酸乙酯、9,12-十八碳二烯酸乙酯和2-甲氧基-4-乙烯基苯酚是主要的风味物质。‘晋粱白3号’的支链淀粉质量分数最高,风味物质的种类及质量浓度也最高,证明淀粉质量分数对黄酒风味物质的种类及质量浓度起到了积极影响,为黄酒酿酒原料的选择提供了理论依据。 相似文献