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《精细化工原料及中间体》2016,(2)
本文介绍了由双乙烯酮与无水乙醇在浓硫酸催化下酯化再精制制得乙酰乙酸乙酯,再和2,5-二氯-4-磺酸基苯肼磺酸钠盐经硫酸酸化成为硫酸盐进行缩合,制得1-(2’,5’-二氯-4’-磺酸基苯基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮。它是一个具有活泼亚甲基的化合物,可作为偶合组分和一些芳胺化合物的重氮盐进行偶合反应,形成带有偶氮基(-N=N-)的化合物。本文详细介绍1-(2’,5’-二氯-4’-磺酸基苯基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮可合成的酸性染料、活性染料及偶氮色淀类有机颜料的主要品种,列出了这些品种的化学结构式、CAS登录号、欧共体登记号、合成反应流程的方框示意图以及用途。 相似文献
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以乙醇为溶剂,在加热条件下采用LaCl3催化2-氨基吡啶、二茂铁甲醛和异氰类化合物之间的Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé三组分反应(GBB-3CR),合成5个二茂铁基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶化合物;通过抑制HO·和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)自由基引发的DNA氧化反应体系对化合物的抗氧化活性进行了检测;采用淬灭2,2?-偶氮-双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐自由基(ABTS+·)和二苯苦味酰肼自由基(DPPH·)体系探索了化合物还原自由基的能力,进而探究了取代基对二茂铁基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶抗化合物抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明,5个目标化合物不仅能有效地抑制自由基引发的DNA氧化反应,也可很好地捕获自由基,是一类潜在的抗氧化剂。其中,在抑制HO·引发的DNA氧化反应体系中,5个化合物相对空白硫代巴比妥酸活性物质(TBARS)吸光度百分数(TBARS百分数)可达65.4%~93.7%;在抑制GS·引发的DNA氧化反应体系中,5个化合物TBARS百分数可达25.6%~62.5%;5个二茂铁基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶化合物均能够捕获ABTS+·和DPPH·;双二茂铁基化合物(N-二茂铁甲基-2-二茂铁-H-咪唑[1, 2-a]吡啶-3-胺,Ⅵ)抑制自由基引发的DNA氧化反应活性和捕获自由基能力优于其他化合物。 相似文献
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设计并合成了8种含卤素的吡唑啉衍生物,经~1HNMR、~(13)CNMR和高分辨质谱验证并用MTT法测试了其在9种细胞中的抗增殖活性。结果表明,所有化合物对细胞的抗增殖活性均大于阳性对照药DDP,且6种化合物对HeLa和SGC-7901两种细胞的抗增殖活性均明显强于阳性对照药Taxol,而2-氯-1-(5-(4-氯苯基)-3-(4-硝基苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑-1-基)乙酮对HepG2细胞的毒性与Taxol细胞的毒性相当。所有化合物对肿瘤细胞和正常细胞均显示选择性抑制活性。此外,吡唑啉环氮原子所连碳链长度为2的系列化合物,其IC50值均小于15μmol/L,而当碳链长度为4时,其IC50值偏大。经初步分析,吡唑啉衍生物的细胞毒性与吡唑啉环氮原子上所连碳链长度有关,碳链越长,活性越差。但B环上的不同卤素取代基对活性没有产生明显影响。 相似文献
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1-(4'-磺酸基苯基)-3-羧基-5-吡唑啉酮是制备活性染料的重要中间体。本文对1-(4'-磺酸基苯基)-3-羧基-5-吡唑啉酮的合成路线及其优缺点进行了评述。指出2-乙酰基丁二酸二甲酯法是一种最有前景的合成方法。对1-(4'-磺酸基苯基)-3-羧基-5-吡唑啉酮应用进行了介绍。 相似文献
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J. R. Aldrich S. P. Carroll W. R. Lusby M. J. Thompson J. P. Kochansky R. M. Waters 《Journal of chemical ecology》1990,16(1):199-210
Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA. 相似文献
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M. S. J. Simmonds W. M. Blaney F. Delle Monache M. Marquina Mac-Quhae G. B. Marini Bettolo 《Journal of chemical ecology》1985,11(12):1593-1599
Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria. 相似文献
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2008~2009年世界塑料工业进展 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
中蓝晨光化工研究院有限公司《塑料工业》编辑部 《塑料工业》2010,38(3)
收集了2008年7月~2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008~2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。 相似文献
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Cheng-Le Zhao Shane Porzio Alan Smith Haiyan Ge H. T. Davis L. E. Scriven 《Journal of Coatings Technology and Research》2006,3(2):109-115
Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively.
There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized.
High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without
the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of
fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to
achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic
SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve
F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender
particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing,
and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing
or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually
preserves suspension stability during freezing.
Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago,
IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition. 相似文献
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Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US
In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae
and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted
in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures
(release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species
(Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species
to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were
exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of
separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles
from the southeastern region of the US. 相似文献
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It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples. 相似文献
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