不同改良剂对添加麸皮小麦粉面团的流变特性影响

为了探讨小麦粉改良剂对含麸皮小麦粉品质的影响,以添加麸皮的小麦粉(小麦粉88.5%,燕麦麸10.20%,小麦麸1.39%)为原料,在其中分别加入不同比例的谷朊粉、硬脂酰乳酸钠-钙(SSL-CSL)、沙蒿胶和瓜尔豆胶,用粉质仪和拉伸仪研究其对面团流变学特性的影响;在此基础上,采用正交试验,利用综合加权评分法进一步研究复合改良剂对添加麸皮小麦粉品质的影响。结果表明,不同改良剂能够改善面团流变性,复合改良剂的最优添加量为:SSL-CSL 0.5%、谷朊粉5%、沙蒿胶1.5%、瓜尔豆胶0.7%,其中对面团流变特性影响最大的是SSL-CSL,其次是谷朊粉和沙蒿胶,瓜尔豆胶影响最弱,此时小麦具有良好的粉质和拉伸特性。研究表明添加一定量的小麦粉改良剂能够显著改善该种小麦粉的品质和加工特性。     

面团改良剂对玉米饺子粉流变学特性影响研究

为改善玉米粉的食用品质,采用添加多种改良剂方法研究其对玉米饺子粉品质的影响.以改性玉米粉与小麦粉混合粉为原料,通过添加谷朊粉、瓜尔豆胶、田菁胶及海藻酸钠等改良剂的单因素试验,对混合粉面团流变学特性的影响规律进行研究.结果表明:谷朊粉可增加面团吸水率,而瓜尔豆胶、田菁胶及海藻酸钠均使面团吸水率降低,同时面团改良剂可使面团...     

不同添加剂对马铃薯鲜湿面品质的影响

为探讨不同添加剂对马铃薯鲜湿面品质的影响,研究谷朊粉、黄原胶和复合磷酸盐对面团流变学特性、鲜湿面质构特性及感官品质的影响。结果表明,随着谷朊粉、黄原胶和复合磷酸盐添加量增大,可使面团的筋力增强,改善鲜湿面的质构特性、感官品质,不同添加剂对马铃薯鲜湿面品质的影响大小为谷朊粉黄原胶复合磷酸盐。复配添加剂的最佳配方为谷朊粉8%、黄原胶0.6%和复合磷酸盐0.4%,制得的面条具有马铃薯香味,口感良好。     

木薯淀粉、谷朊粉、复合磷酸盐与瓜尔胶对冷冻熟面品质的影响

该研究使用质构仪、布拉班德粉质仪、低场核磁共振和电镜扫描研究改良剂-木薯淀粉、谷朊粉、复合磷酸盐与瓜尔胶,对冷冻熟面(frozen cooked noodles,FCN)品质、加工性能、冻融稳定性和内部结构的影响,同时探究4种改良剂的最佳复配添加量。结果表明:木薯淀粉降低硬度使面条变黏,谷朊粉提高面条的硬度和回复性,复合磷酸盐提高面条的内聚性和回复性,瓜尔胶对硬度和回复性影响先升高后降低;谷朊粉和复合磷酸盐强化面筋网络,提高面粉加工性能,瓜尔胶抑制冰晶生长,保护面条品质。     

传统发酵馒头工艺及改良剂添加优化

该文以传统风味馒头为研究对象,在单因素试验基础上,采用正交试验探究传统风味馒头最佳工艺以及各因素对馒头质构的影响,同时探究谷朊粉、单甘酯、瓜尔豆胶3种品质改良剂对馒头品质的影响,并在品质改良剂最佳添加量的基础上进行保质期试验。结果表明,最佳工艺为加水量44%、加水温度34℃、压面次数14次、碱添加量1.0%（与酸面团质量比）。正交试验结果表明,影响馒头感官评分的因素大小排序为加水量>碱添加量>加水温度>压面次数;谷朊粉添加量为2%（与面粉质量比）、单甘酯添加量为1.2%（与面粉质量比）、瓜尔豆胶添加量为0.5%（与面粉质量比）时,馒头感官评分最高。瓜尔豆胶和单甘酯能够有效降低储存期间馒头硬化速率,谷朊粉在馒头储存的前18 h对其硬度变化有改善效果;单甘酯的添加在一定程度上抑制馒头在储存期间霉菌的生长,瓜尔豆胶和谷朊粉抑制霉菌生长能力较差。     

小米莲子面条中添加剂复配的研究

以小米粉、莲子粉和小麦粉为原料,研究不同添加量的谷朊粉、瓜尔豆胶、黄原胶以及不同加水量对莲子小米面条质构的影响。通过L9（34）正交试验、TPA全质构分析和感官评定,得出最优配方为：混合粉100 g,加水量为40 g,食盐2 g,食碱0.2 g,谷朊粉5 g,瓜尔豆胶0.1 g,黄原胶0.3 g。     

木薯淀粉、谷朊粉、复合磷酸盐与瓜尔胶对冷冻熟面品质的影响

<正>该研究使用质构仪、布拉班德粉质仪、低场核磁共振和电镜扫描研究改良剂-木薯淀粉、谷朊粉、复合磷酸盐与瓜尔胶,对冷冻熟面(frozen cooked noodles,FCN)品质、加工性能、冻融稳定性和内部结构的影响,同时探究4种改良剂的最佳复配添加量。结果表明:木薯淀粉降低硬度使面条变黏,谷朊     

沙蒿胶和谷朊粉对高纤燕麦面包品质的影响

添加沙蒿胶和谷朊粉对改良高纤燕麦面包品质有很大的影响。以高纤燕麦粉和面包粉以1∶1的比例混合作为复配原料,研究沙蒿胶和谷朊粉添加量对其品质的影响,结果表明:复配添加3%谷朊粉和2%沙蒿胶(占燕麦粉和面包粉总质量)的高纤燕麦面包的品质达到最优。     

复合杂粮面包配方优化的研究

以黑米、荞麦、燕麦、小米、薏米杂粮为主要添加物,研制一种新型的复合杂粮面包。采用单因素及响应面试验,以感官评价及硬度、弹性为指标,确定复合杂粮粉的最大添加量;在此基础上研究谷朊粉、糖和酵母的添加量对该复合杂粮面包面团的质构及面包品质的影响。试验结果表明:等比例5种杂粮粉的最大添加量为40%,在此条件下,谷朊粉的添加量为2.5%,白砂糖的添加量为18%,酵母的添加量为1.8%时,研制出的复合杂粮面包品质最好。     

高汤用鲜湿面小麦面粉复合改良剂的优化

参照国际标准分析方法,从流变学的角度对面团的粉质特性、拉伸特性进行系统分析,使用正交试验优化了改良剂配方,分析改良剂对面粉品质的影响,通过面条感官评定实验,验证了添加剂改良效果。结果表明,面粉为100 g时,谷朊粉用量为4 g,瓜尔豆胶用量为0.8 g,淀粉用量为6 g,乳化剂添加量为0.2 g时,可以明显提高高汤用鲜湿面的品质。     

复合改良剂对面团流变学特性影响

将硬脂酰乳酸钠(SSL)、瓜尔豆胶、L-抗坏血酸(VC)等改良剂按一定比例直接加入小麦面粉中并混合均匀,通过正交试验分析各种改良剂对面团粉质特性及拉伸特性影响。方差分析结果表明,硬脂酰乳酸钠添加量为0.7%、瓜尔豆胶添加量为0.2%、L-抗坏血酸添加量为0.012%时,面团稳定时间、拉伸力及拉伸面积均显著改善。稳定时间由3.6min提高到11.7min(P＜0.01),拉伸力由102.90g提高到190.96g(P＜0.05),拉伸面积由1884.9g·mm提高到2684.1g·mm(P＜0.05)。复合改良剂加入面粉能很好的改善面团流变学性质。     

改良剂对面团流变学性质的影响

为了探讨小麦粉改良剂对面团流变学性质的影响,以宁麦15面粉为原料,分别加入不同比例的谷元粉、瓜尔豆胶和变性淀粉,用粉质仪和拉伸仪研究其对面团流变学特性的影响,以期生产出符合市场需求的面条专用粉。利用响应面法中心组合试验设计,采用综合加权评分法评估改良剂对多指标流变学性质的影响。结果表明:各因素对综合加权评分值的影响程度为谷元粉>变性淀粉>瓜尔豆胶,两两因素之间存在相互作用。适宜配粉条件为:谷元粉1.4%、瓜尔豆胶1.5%,变性淀粉2.2%。在此条件下流变学指标的综合加权评分预测值为0.869,验证值为0.856,与预测值的相对误差为1.5%。表明添加适量的改良剂能够显著提高宁麦15面粉的品质特性。     

EFFECT OF SURFACTANT GEL AND GUM COMBINATIONS ON DOUGH RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND QUALITY OF BREAD

Sodium stearoyl‐2‐lactylate (SSL), diacetyl tartaric acid esters of monoglyceride (DATEM), glycerol monostearate (GMS) and distilled glycerol monostearate (DGMS) surfactant gels were made with water. Addition of surfactant gels decreased water absorption by the bread while xanthan, karaya, guar and locust bean gums increased the same. Only DGMS or GMS and gum combinations further improved water absorption. All the gums except for guar along with surfactant gels improved dough stability. Both surfactant gels and gums improved the extensograph dough properties of wheat flour to varying degrees. Alveograph characteristics of wheat flour improved to varying extents with surfactant gels while the gums influenced the viscoelastic properties in differing ways. Different combinations of surfactant gels and gums showed varied influences on rapid visco analyzer characteristics of wheat flour. Both surfactant gels and gums improved the bread making quality. Among surfactants, SSL in combination with gums, and among gums locust bean in combination with surfactant gels improved the bread making quality of wheat flour to a maximum extent.     

增稠剂对冷冻面团品质影响的研究

以高筋粉及特一粉冷冻面团为对象,研究添加黄原胶、瓜尔豆胶、卡拉胶、聚丙烯酸钠增稠剂对冷冻面团拉伸特性、湿面筋含量、失水率及色泽的影响。结果表明：对于特一粉,黄原胶（0.3%）、瓜尔豆胶（0.8%）、卡拉胶（0.6%）、聚丙烯酸钠（0.05%）添加时,拉伸面积和湿面筋含量最高;对于高筋粉,黄原胶（0.2%）、瓜尔豆胶（1.2%）、卡拉胶（0.6%）、聚丙烯酸钠（0.05%）添加时,拉伸面积和湿面筋含量最高;冷冻面团加入增稠剂后,失水率有所减小,但规律性不强;随着黄原胶、瓜尔豆胶、聚丙烯酸钠添加量的增加,L值增大,面团亮度增强,但随着卡拉胶添加量的增加L值减小,面团亮度减弱。     

四种常见亲水胶体对面团特性的影响研究

采用粉质仪、快速黏度分析仪和流变仪研究添加黄原胶、κ-卡拉胶、魔芋胶和瓜儿豆胶对小麦粉粉质特性、糊化特性及面团流变特性的影响.研究结果表明,亲水胶体可以提高小麦粉的黏度,改善面团的黏弹特性,不同亲水胶体的作用效果存在差异,添加质量分数1%的黄原胶和魔芋胶后小麦粉吸水率分别增大了4.9%和7.9%,添加质量分数1%黄原胶、κ-卡拉胶和瓜儿豆胶后小麦粉糊的糊化温度分别降低了21.35℃、18℃、14.7 ℃,添加黄原胶和瓜儿豆胶能够显著地提高面团的稳定性,而添加魔芋胶能够延缓淀粉的重结晶特性.     

The application of dextran compared to other hydrocolloids as a novel food ingredient to compensate for low protein in biscuit and wholemeal wheat flour

Wheat is primarily used for bread-making. However, fungal diseases, grain moisture at harvest and low-protein contents strongly influence the quality of the wheat flour, thus creating challenges for traders, millers and commercial bakers who struggle to produce consistently high-quality products. This paper address the replacement of low-protein/wholemeal flour functionality for bread-making purposes. Three hydrocolloids, xanthan gum, dextran and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, were incorporated into bread recipes based on high-protein flours, low-protein flours and coarse wholemeal flour. Hydrocolloid levels of 0–5 % (flour basis) were used in bread recipes to test the water absorption. The quality parameters of dough (farinograph, extensograph, rheofermentometre) and bread (specific volume, crumb structure and staling profile) were determined. Results showed that xanthan had negative impact on the dough and bread quality characteristics. HPMC and dextran generally improved dough and bread quality and showed dosage dependence. Volume of low-protein flour breads were significantly improved by incorporation of 0.5 % of the latter two hydrocolloids. However, dextran outperformed HPMC regarding initial bread hardness and staling shelf life regardless the flour applied in the formulation.     

Functional effects of xanthan gum on composite cassava-wheat dough and bread

The use of composite flour for bread making is gradually gaining prominence worldwide due to some economic and nutritional reasons. However, studies on the application of functional ingredients purposely to improve composite bread quality are very few. This paper examines the functional role of xanthan gum (XG) on the properties of dough and bread from composite cassava-wheat flour. The viscoelastic properties of dough and gas retention characteristics of batter as well as the fresh and storage properties of bread from the composite flour (90% wheat plus 10% cassava) were studied. The crumb cell structure was also studied using digital image analysis technique. Inclusion of XG had significant effects on the dough tenacity and extensibility and sensory acceptability of fresh composite bread. The oven spring, specific volumes of bread loaf and crumb softness were higher at 1% XG content. Also, addition of XG made the composite bread samples had more open crumb structure and better sensory acceptability. However, moisture loss and crumb firming during bread storage were best reduced when 1% XG was added to bread formulation.     

混合试验仪确定冷冻面团馒头复配添加剂最佳配方

利用混合试验仪研究硬酯酰乳酸钠（SSL）、黄原胶、抗坏血酸（VC）对冷冻面团特性的影响。通过单因素试验、正交试验确定了冷冻面团复配添加剂的最佳配方为SSL0.1%、VC0.010%和黄原胶0.3%。用不同复配添加剂配方制作冷冻面团馒头,利用感官品质评分、质构品质测定进行综合评价,最佳结果与Mixolab试验结果一致。     

Optimisation of formulations and infrared–microwave combination baking conditions of chestnut–rice breads

The main objective of this study was to design gluten‐free breads containing chestnut and rice flour and xanthan–guar gum blend to be baked in infrared–microwave combination oven. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise gluten‐free bread formulations and processing conditions. Weight loss, firmness, specific volume and colour change of the breads were determined. Rice flour mixed with different proportions of chestnut flour and different emulsifier contents were used to prepare breads. The gluten‐free formulations were baked using different upper halogen lamp powers, microwave powers and baking time which were varied from 40% to 80%, 30% to 70% and 9 to 17 min, respectively. Gluten‐free breads and wheat breads baked in conventional oven were used for comparison. Breads containing 46.5% chestnut flour and 0.62% emulsifier and baked using 40% infrared and 30% microwave power for 9 min had statistically comparable quality with conventionally baked ones.     

淀粉酶、谷氨酰胺转氨酶及黄原胶对燕麦-小麦混合粉面团流变特性的影响

本文测定了20%燕麦-小麦混合粉面团的粉质、色泽、质构以及流变特性,并与纯小麦面团进行比较,研究添加一定总酶活（3 U/g）的淀粉酶、谷氨酰胺转氨酶、淀粉酶（1.5 U/g）及谷氨酰胺转氨酶（1.5 U/g）、两种酶（各1.5 U/g）以及黄原胶（0.3 g/100 g）对燕麦-小麦混合粉面团流变特性的影响。结果表明,谷氨酰胺转氨酶使混合面团的稳定时间延长为（6.95±0.07） min,增大了混合面团的硬度,淀粉酶和谷氨酰胺转氨酶的结合使用有效地降低了燕麦-小麦混合粉面团的弱化度,改善了面团的面筋质量,添加了淀粉酶和谷氨酰胺转氨酶面团的ΔE值最大,与小麦面团最接近,对面团色泽改善效果最好;淀粉酶及谷氨酰胺转氨酶的结合使用和淀粉酶、谷氨酰胺转氨酶、黄原胶三种改良剂的结合使用对20%燕麦小麦混合面团的弹性改良效果最好,其弹性与小麦粉面团无显著性差异,说明这两个方案面团的弹性与小麦粉面团弹性相近,品质较好,并且这两种方案面团的弹性模量（G'）、粘性模量（G″）和损耗角正切值（tanδ）曲线与小麦面团的最接近,表明这两个处理对面团的流变特性改善效果最好。综上所述,淀粉酶及谷氨酰胺转氨酶的结合使用和淀粉酶、谷氨酰胺转氨酶、黄原胶三种改良剂的结合使用可以有效的改善20%燕麦-小麦混合粉面团的品质。