基于压电阻抗的混凝土裂缝深度发展定量研究

混凝土结构是土木工程领域使用最广的结构形式,裂缝是其损伤的主要形式。该文基于压电阻抗(EMI)监测技术,对混凝土立方体标准试块裂缝深度的定量发展进行了监测。制作150mm×150mm×150mm标准试块,将压电片(PZT)粘贴于试块表面,用精密阻抗分析仪HP4294A提取压电片在混凝土试块健康状况和不同损伤工况下的电导纳信号,并分析二者的联系。实验结果表明,随着裂缝损伤的发展,压电片电导纳频谱发生了变化;压电片-粘结层-主体结构耦合系统的共振频率及电导信号峰值能表征混凝土裂缝深度的发展,但其存在稳定性缺陷;传统损伤指标中,绝对比例平均偏差(MAPD)和均方根偏差(RMSD)比相关系数(CCD)更适于监测混凝土裂缝的出现,而CCD则比MAPD和RMSD更适于定量分析裂缝的发展。此外,该文还得到了混凝土试块裂缝发展时损伤参数的具体数值,可供EMI健康监测实际应用时参考。     

基于压电阻抗的混凝土裂缝深度发展定量研究

混凝土结构是土木工程领域使用最广的结构形式,裂缝是其损伤的主要形式。该文基于压电阻抗(EMI)监测技术,对混凝土立方体标准试块裂缝深度的定量发展进行了监测。制作150mm×150mm×150mm标准试块,将压电片(PZT)粘贴于试块表面,用精密阻抗分析仪HP4294A提取压电片在混凝土试块健康状况和不同损伤工况下的电导纳信号,并分析二者的联系。实验结果表明,随着裂缝损伤的发展,压电片电导纳频谱发生了变化;压电片-粘结层-主体结构耦合系统的共振频率及电导信号峰值能表征混凝土裂缝深度的发展,但其存在稳定性缺陷;传统损伤指标中,绝对比例平均偏差(MAPD)和均方根偏差(RMSD)比相关系数(CCD)更适于监测混凝土裂缝的出现,而CCD则比MAPD和RMSD更适于定量分析裂缝的发展。此外,该文还得到了混凝土试块裂缝发展时损伤参数的具体数值,可供EMI健康监测实际应用时参考。     

横向电场激励的LiNbO_3压电谐振器的仿真分析

该文对横向电场激励下的(yxl)-58°LiNbO_3压电谐振器的高频振动进行了研究。首先,基于Mindlin一阶板理论,计算了压电谐振器的模态频谱关系,得到晶体基板长厚比;然后,利用有限元分析软件COMSOL Multiphysics建立了谐振器的三维有限元模型,通过增加厚度方向网格扫掠层数的方法,验证了仿真模型的网格无关性;其次,通过特征频率计算与频域计算得到了谐振器一阶厚度剪切模态频率值;最后,通过改变电极与晶体板质量比以及电极间距的大小,获得了不同尺寸参数对谐振器高频振动特性的影响规律。仿真分析结果表明,电极与晶体板的质量比同谐振器谐振频率成负相关,质量比越大,谐振频率越小;电极间距值与谐振频率成负相关,间距值越大,谐振频率越小。     

基于ANSYS的压电智能梁仿真分析

运用ANSYS软件进行压电智能梁结构的有限元分析和优化设计。在ANSYS软件中建立智能梁结构模型,并进行有限元分析,得到梁的各阶模态,然后进行梁的谐响应分析及瞬态动力学分析。针对不同模态下,采用一片压电陶瓷不能控制其振动,在不同位置安装多个驱动器来进行减振试验,得到梁的各阶模态下驱动器放置的最优布局及减振结果。     

基于压电传感器的单一模态Lamb波损伤检测

基于压电传感器的板类结构兰姆(Lamb)波损伤检测,提出了一种利用单一模态Lamb波的无基准损伤检测方法,并在铝板上进行损伤检测实验。根据压电传感器的理论模型,实验中选取单一模态Lamb波检测频率,并从含损伤板的检测信号中准确识别出损伤反射回波信号,根据损伤反射回波传播时间及对应的理论群速度,计算了损伤与传感器的距离。针对理论群速度和实际群速度差异对距离计算造成的误差,提出了一种改进的计算方法,将误差降低到3%以下。结果表明,利用单一模态Lamb波可识别结构中的损伤散射信号,并可有效计算损伤与传感器的距离。     

压电智能复合材料层板冲击压电响应仿真分析

基于1阶剪切变形理论,采用有限单元方法,建立了压电智能复合材料层板有限元模型,采用低速冲击对其压电传感器的瞬态响应进行了仿真分析.结果表明,各压电传感器响应信号特征与各传感器的布置位置、冲击荷载位置及层板的边界条件等因素有关.综合分析各传感器响应信号并进行特征提取,可建立传感器响应与冲击位置间的非线性关系,从而实现结构加载损伤位置的自诊断.     

超声手术手柄振动系统的有限元与实验分析

给出了有限元法求解压电耦合振动的原理，利用有限元软件ANSYS对手柄振动系统进行了模态分析和谐响应分析，得到了精确的纵振动振型以及刀头的振幅、系统振幅放大系数等结果。并分析了施加的电压、压电片数和阻尼对刀头振幅的影响。利用动态信号分析仪对手柄的谐振频率进行了测试，结果与有限元计算的谐振频率非常接近。     

复合层合梁层裂损伤与超声导波的相互作用研究

基于谱有限元法(SFEM),建立了压电晶片驱动/传感与各向异性层状复合梁耦合的谱有限元模型,数值模拟研究了耦合系统超声导波的激发、传播特征,并分析了导波与损伤的相互作用。模型中复合梁采用铁木辛柯梁理论、压电晶片层采用欧拉伯努利梁理论,利用哈密顿原理得到梁/压电晶片的时域耦合运动控制方程和边界条件,通过快速傅里叶变换将耦合运动控制方程转换至频域可导出谱有限元模型。与有限元分析结果比较表明,所建模型可精确模拟复合梁中导波的传播且计算效率高。进而分析了导波和层裂损伤的相互作用,结果表明导波在缺陷处会产生反射,且反射信号到达压电传感器的时间和幅值与缺陷的位置及长度有关。     

金属梁结构表面微损伤的谱有限元分析

针对智能压电晶片梁结构,采用谱有限元方法,基于力电理论建立压电晶片/结构耦合系统的机电阻抗损伤评价的谱元数值模型。模型中假设采用Timoshenko梁理论,压电晶片采用Euler-Bernoulli梁理论和一维压电双向耦合理论。利用哈密顿原理得到时域中控制方程和边界条件,经FFT变换建立谱元模型,进而利用谱有限元法分析了导波的频率响应特性、导纳特性以及损伤对导纳响应的影响,数值结果与有限元结果取得较好的一致。谱有限元力电耦合模型为深入理解实际检测信号进行损伤检测和评估提供了分析依据。     

基于压电换能器的液滴驱动模型研究

基于智能车辆视觉传感器表面除水的需求,该文提出了一种利用压电换能器激励兰姆波以驱动液滴运动的装置,并建立了压电振子和弹性体平板的二维有限元模型。首先运用 COMSOL Multiphysics仿真软件对自由边界条件下的压电振子进行频率分析,得到前4阶特征模态,第2阶模态具有最大的结构相对位移,其特征频率为谐振频率;然后对压电振子所激励的兰姆波在平板中的传播特性进行了分析。结果表明,兰姆波在板中出现明显的频散特性,并通过改变压电振子间隔激励 A₀ 模态占主导的兰姆波,以提高液滴驱动效果。通过实验验证了兰姆波驱动液滴模型的可行性。     

Technology innovation and process integrations for sub-100nm gate patterning

This paper presents a brief overview of the Applied Centura(R)DPS(R)system,configured with silicon etch DPS Ⅱ chamber, with emphasis on discussing tuning capability for CD uniformity control. It also presents the studies of etch process chemistry and film integration impact for an overall successful gate patterning development. Discussions will focus on resolutions to key issues, such as CD uniformity, line-edge roughness, and multilayer film etching integration.     

White organic light-emitting devices based on fac tris（2- phenylpyridine） iridium sensitized 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnap -hthacene

We have fabricated the white organic light-emitting devices （WOLEDs） based on 4,4＇ -bis（2,2 -diphenyl vinyl）-1,1＇ - biphenyl （DPVBi） and phosphorescence sensitized 5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene （rubrene）. The device structure is ITO/2T-NATA （20 nm）/NPBX （20 nm）/CBP： x%Ir（ppy）3：0.5% rubrene （8 nm）/NPBX （5 nm）/DPVBi （30 nm）/Alq（30 nm）/LiF（0.5 nm）/A1. In the devices, DPVBi acts as a blue light-emitting layer, the rubrene is sensitized by a phosphorescent material, fac tris （2-phenylpyridine） iridium [Ir（ppy）3], acts as a yellow light-emitting layer, and N,N＇ -bis- （1-naphthyl）- N,N＇ -diphenyl -1, 1＇ -biphenyl-4,4＇ -diamine （NPBX） acts as a hole transporting and exciton blocker layer, respectively. When the concentration of Ir （PPY）3 is 6wt%, the maximum luminance is 24960 cd/m^2 at an applied voltage of 15 V, and the maximum luminous efficiency is 5.17 cd/A at an applied voltage of 8 V.     

Complete approach to automatic identification and subpixel center location for ellipse feature

To meet the need of automatic image features extraction with high precision in visual inspection, a complete approach to automatic identification and sub-pixel center location for similar-ellipse feature is proposed. In the method, the feature area is identified automatically based on the edge attribute, and the sub-pixel center location is accomplished with the leastsquare algorithm. It shows that the method is valid, practical, and has high precision by experiment. Meanwhile this method can meet the need of instrumentation of visual inspection because of easy realization and without man-machine interaction.     

小角度扩展相关性近似算法分析

本论文提出一种在多天线MIMO信道相关性建模中小角度扩展近似理论算法,并应用于分析MIMO系统性能。分析中分别对三种不同角能量分布情况下的空间相关性研发快速近似计算法,并同时提出双模(Bi-Modal)角能量分布情况下的近似运算。通过分析这些新方法的近似效率,可以得到计算简单、复杂度低、而且符合实际的MIMO相关信道矩阵,对系统级的快速高效计算法的研究和系统级的评估以及误差分析具有重要的意义。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

A Versatile Mixed-Signal Pin Approach for Cost-Effective Test of Automotive ICs

Integrated circuits (ICs) intended for increasingly sophisticated automotive applications bring unique test demands. Advanced ICs for applications such as highly integrated automatic braking system (ABS) and airbag controllers combine high voltage digital channels, significant VI demands and precise timing capability. Along with continued missioncritical reliability concerns, the trend toward higher voltage operation and increased device integration requires specialized test capabilities able to extend across the wide operating ranges found in automotive applications. Among these capabilities, automotive test requirements increasingly dictate a need for a cost-effective versatile mixed-signal pin electronics with very high data rates reaching up to 50MHz with a voltage swing of-2 V to +28 V.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

Optical vibration and deviation measurement of rotating machine parts

It is of interest to get appropriate information about the dynamic behaviour of rotating machinery parts in service. This paper presents an approach of optical vibration and deviation measurement of such parts. Essential of this method is an image derotator combined with a high speed camera or a laser doppler vibrometer （LDV）.