基于超混沌系统和密文交错扩散的图像加密新算法

该文提出一种基于超混沌系统优化序列并结合密文交错扩散的并行图像加密策略。首先,对超混沌序列进行改造使得改进序列更适合图像加密;然后,利用改进的混沌序列产生与明文相关的最终密钥序列,使得算法对明文敏感。图像被分成两个子块,以并行方式对子块进行两轮像素加密,并引入密文交错扩散技术。对密钥空间和执行效率、像素分布特性、相关系数、抗差分攻击能力以及密钥敏感性进行了测试和分析,证明了方案的安全性和执行效率。结果表明,该算法安全高效,在图像保密通信中具有较大的应用潜力。     

基于DNA乱序编码和混沌映射的图像加密算法

为有效抵抗选择明文攻击,已知明文攻击等密码攻击行为,改善加密结构,解决DNA编码透明等加密问题,提出了DNA乱序编码、基于多个一维Logistic混沌映射的按位抽取算法以及一种二维混沌置乱方法。利用混沌系统按本文相应算法产生的随机矩阵,结合明文图像矩阵进行DNA乱序编码,并用二维混沌置乱进行加密图像的比特级置乱来代替DNA碱基对互补替换。实验结果及安全分析表明,该算法具有良好的加密结构,可有效抵抗各种密码攻击行为。     

基于DNA编码运算和混沌系统的图像分块加密算法

针对当前基于DNA编码运算的图像加密算法复杂度和安全性较低的问题,提出一种图像分块加密算法.利用Lo-gistic混沌映射产生与明文图像大小相同的随机矩阵,然后对明文图像和随机矩阵进行分块,每个子块的DNA编解码方式以及相互之间的DNA运算均由Chen超混沌系统产生的混沌序列动态决定,同时引入密文反馈机制,使算法得到更好的扩散效果.此外,算法的密钥由明文图像生成,实现了一次一密的加密.仿真实验结果和分析表明加密效果良好,算法利用了DNA可选择编码方式和运算操作丰富的特点,具有较高的复杂度和安全性,密钥空间大,能抵抗多种攻击.     

基于DNA和元胞自动机的新型图像加密算法

针对现有图像加密算法密钥空间不足、鲁棒性较差的问题,在传统混沌加密基础上,文中设计了一种新的图像加密算法。该算法使用SHA256函数计算明文得到系统初值和密钥并省去了置乱环节,采用对明文和元胞自动机分组交错扩散的方式进行图像加密。通过对相关安全指标计算和分析发现,密钥空间达到2 ³²⁰以上,可以抵御30%的剪切攻击和各种类型的噪声攻击,表明该算法具有较好的安全性和鲁棒性。     

基于变步长约瑟夫遍历和DNA动态编码的图像加密算法

数字图像传输和存储的安全问题已成为信息安全研究的热点。该文提出一种基于变步长约瑟夫遍历和DNA动态编码的图像加密方法。首先将混沌映射产生的随机序列作为约瑟夫遍历的变步长，改进约瑟夫遍历问题，并采用改进的约瑟夫遍历对图像像素位置进行置乱；其次，动态选择DNA编码规则，对图像像素进行DNA编码，并与给定的DNA序列进行碱基运算；DNA编码规则的动态选择，很好地解决了DNA编码规则少所带来的安全隐患，提高了算法的安全性。最后通过密文反馈和混沌系统迭代来进一步增强算法的混淆和扩散特性。实验和安全性分析结果表明，该算法不仅对密钥的敏感性强，而且能有效抵御统计性分析和穷举分析等攻击操作。     

基于变步长约瑟夫遍历和DNA动态编码的图像加密算法的安全性分析

近年来,不断有新的图像加密算法被提出,其安全性却未得到充分的分析和验证。该文对一种最新报道的图像加密算法的安全性进行了分析。所分析算法通过基于变步长约瑟夫遍历的像素置乱、基于DNA动态编码的像素替换及像素行列扩散来完成图像加密。分析表明,该算法的秘密密钥设计不具有实用性,加密过程也存在缺陷。在选择明文攻击条件下,对该算法的加密过程进行了密码分析,并提出了相应的攻击算法。仿真实验和理论分析确认了所提攻击算法的有效性与可行性。最后,针对所分析算法及部分图像加密算法中存在的问题,提出了改进建议。     

基于混沌理论与DNA动态编码的卫星图像加密算法

针对卫星图像在传输、存储过程中涉及的信息安全问题,该文提出一种新型的基于混沌理论与DNA动态编码的卫星图像加密算法。首先,提出一种改进型无限折叠混沌映射,拓宽了原有无限折叠混沌映射的混沌区间。之后,结合改进型Chebyshev混沌映射与SHA-256哈希算法,生成加密算法的密钥流,提升算法的明文敏感性。然后,利用混沌系统的状态值对Hilbert局部置乱后的像素进行DNA编码,实现DNA动态编码,解决了DNA编码规则较少所带来的容易受到暴力攻击的弱点。最后,使用混沌序列完成进一步混沌加密,从而彻底混淆原始像素信息,增加加密算法的随机性与复杂性,得到密文图像。实验结果表明,该算法具有较好的加密效果和应对各种攻击的能力。     

基于量子密钥分发和像素置乱的图像加密方法研究

鉴于当前经典图像加密算法的局限性及量子密钥分发协议无条件安全的特性,提出一种基于量子密钥分发和像素置乱的图像加密方法。首先通信双方产生量子密钥序列,然后将密钥序列转换成与要加密的图像对应的像素矩阵,将该像素矩阵与对应的图像的像素矩阵元素按位进行异或运算,再利用下一量子密钥序列生成像素置乱矩阵,对图像像素进行置乱变换,最终完成加密。解密方用与发送方相反的方法进行像素位置复原,再利用密钥矩阵进行异或运算即可解密。该算法所有密钥均采用量子密钥分发协议产生,安全性高,实现简单,经实验仿真证明,加密后的图像直方图呈均匀分布,像素相关性非常弱,像素变化率和信息熵高。     

基于填充曲线和相邻像素比特置乱的图像加密方法

为提高图像传输安全性，该文提出一种基于填充曲线和相邻像素比特置乱的加密算法。首先，设计一种新的填充曲线用于图像像素的全局置乱。其次，将混沌序列作为约瑟夫遍历的起点和步长，利用改进的约瑟夫遍历方法对相邻像素进行比特级置乱。像素级和比特级的双重置换，打破了图像像素间的高度相关性。最后，通过双向密文反馈，进一步提高方法的安全性。此外，设计了一种与明文图像关联的自适应密钥生成方法，以克服选择/已知明文攻击。并从密钥空间、密钥灵敏度、信息熵和相关性等性能指标对该方案进行了分析，结果表明，该算法具有良好的性能和足够的安全性。     

基于类DNA编码分组与替换的加密方案

传统加密方案一般基于香农提出的置乱和分散理论进行设计,实验证明,基于位面的图像加密方案具有更好的有效性。该文提出一种新颖的位面层次的基于编码分组与替换的加密算法。该算法首先依据DNA编码以及中心法则对原始媒体进行编码,然后利用随机置乱分组方案对编码密码子序列进行分组,这样,根据编码后的序列和分组方案可以确定一种任意进制的数制系统。最后,利用基于超混沌系统和该数制系统产生随机加密控制信息,并利用该加密控制信息和分组方案来替换对应的编码后序列,从而实现加密。理论分析和实验结果均表明,该文提出的方案和现有的一些方案相比,具有更好的性能。     

Technology innovation and process integrations for sub-100nm gate patterning

This paper presents a brief overview of the Applied Centura(R)DPS(R)system,configured with silicon etch DPS Ⅱ chamber, with emphasis on discussing tuning capability for CD uniformity control. It also presents the studies of etch process chemistry and film integration impact for an overall successful gate patterning development. Discussions will focus on resolutions to key issues, such as CD uniformity, line-edge roughness, and multilayer film etching integration.     

White organic light-emitting devices based on fac tris（2- phenylpyridine） iridium sensitized 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnap -hthacene

We have fabricated the white organic light-emitting devices （WOLEDs） based on 4,4＇ -bis（2,2 -diphenyl vinyl）-1,1＇ - biphenyl （DPVBi） and phosphorescence sensitized 5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene （rubrene）. The device structure is ITO/2T-NATA （20 nm）/NPBX （20 nm）/CBP： x%Ir（ppy）3：0.5% rubrene （8 nm）/NPBX （5 nm）/DPVBi （30 nm）/Alq（30 nm）/LiF（0.5 nm）/A1. In the devices, DPVBi acts as a blue light-emitting layer, the rubrene is sensitized by a phosphorescent material, fac tris （2-phenylpyridine） iridium [Ir（ppy）3], acts as a yellow light-emitting layer, and N,N＇ -bis- （1-naphthyl）- N,N＇ -diphenyl -1, 1＇ -biphenyl-4,4＇ -diamine （NPBX） acts as a hole transporting and exciton blocker layer, respectively. When the concentration of Ir （PPY）3 is 6wt%, the maximum luminance is 24960 cd/m^2 at an applied voltage of 15 V, and the maximum luminous efficiency is 5.17 cd/A at an applied voltage of 8 V.     

Complete approach to automatic identification and subpixel center location for ellipse feature

To meet the need of automatic image features extraction with high precision in visual inspection, a complete approach to automatic identification and sub-pixel center location for similar-ellipse feature is proposed. In the method, the feature area is identified automatically based on the edge attribute, and the sub-pixel center location is accomplished with the leastsquare algorithm. It shows that the method is valid, practical, and has high precision by experiment. Meanwhile this method can meet the need of instrumentation of visual inspection because of easy realization and without man-machine interaction.     

小角度扩展相关性近似算法分析

本论文提出一种在多天线MIMO信道相关性建模中小角度扩展近似理论算法,并应用于分析MIMO系统性能。分析中分别对三种不同角能量分布情况下的空间相关性研发快速近似计算法,并同时提出双模(Bi-Modal)角能量分布情况下的近似运算。通过分析这些新方法的近似效率,可以得到计算简单、复杂度低、而且符合实际的MIMO相关信道矩阵,对系统级的快速高效计算法的研究和系统级的评估以及误差分析具有重要的意义。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

A Versatile Mixed-Signal Pin Approach for Cost-Effective Test of Automotive ICs

Integrated circuits (ICs) intended for increasingly sophisticated automotive applications bring unique test demands. Advanced ICs for applications such as highly integrated automatic braking system (ABS) and airbag controllers combine high voltage digital channels, significant VI demands and precise timing capability. Along with continued missioncritical reliability concerns, the trend toward higher voltage operation and increased device integration requires specialized test capabilities able to extend across the wide operating ranges found in automotive applications. Among these capabilities, automotive test requirements increasingly dictate a need for a cost-effective versatile mixed-signal pin electronics with very high data rates reaching up to 50MHz with a voltage swing of-2 V to +28 V.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

Optical vibration and deviation measurement of rotating machine parts

It is of interest to get appropriate information about the dynamic behaviour of rotating machinery parts in service. This paper presents an approach of optical vibration and deviation measurement of such parts. Essential of this method is an image derotator combined with a high speed camera or a laser doppler vibrometer （LDV）.