基于SL0压缩感知信号重建的改进算法

SL0算法是一种基于近似L0范数的压缩感知信号重建算法,它采用最速下降法和梯度投影原理,逐步逼近最优解,具有匹配度高、重建时间短、计算量低、不需要信号的稀疏度这个先验条件等优点。但是,它的迭代方向为负梯度方向,存在“锯齿效应”,并且SL0算法及其改进算法(NSL0)中的连续函数“陡峭性”不大,使近似L0范数的估计不精确、收敛速度慢。本文采用“陡峭性”大的近似双曲正切函数,结合修正牛顿法和阻尼牛顿法,提出一种更快速高效的信号重建算法(ANSL0)。数值计算结果表明,在相同的条件下,相比SL0和NSL0算法,ANSL0算法在匹配度、峰值信噪比和信噪比方面都有了较大提高。      

基于BFGS拟牛顿法的压缩感知SL0重构算法

平滑l₀范数(SL0)算法是一种基于近似l₀范数的压缩感知信号重构算法,采用最速下降法和梯度投影原理,通过选择一个递减序列来逐步逼近最优解,具有匹配度高、计算量低、不需要已知信号稀疏度等优点。但是,其迭代方向为负梯度方向,使得在迭代过程中产生“锯齿现象”,导致在最优解附近收敛速度较慢。牛顿法具有较快的收敛速度,但是对初值的要求较高,并且需要计算Hesse矩阵。拟牛顿法则克服了这个缺点,利用BFGS公式计算Hesse矩阵的近似矩阵,只需要计算1阶导数信息。该文在SL0算法的基础上,结合BFGS拟牛顿法,提出一种改进的压缩感知信号重构算法。首先采用最速下降法迭代得到信号的某个估计值,然后将此估计值作为拟牛顿法的初值继续迭代,直至得到最优解。计算机仿真结果表明,在相同的条件下,该算法在重构精度、峰值信噪比和重建匹配度等方面均有较大提高。     

用于压缩感知信号重建的SL0改进算法

SL0算法是一种基于近似l₀范数的压缩感知信号重建算法,其思想是用一个光滑函数来近似l₀范数,然后求解一个优化问题。目前采用的光滑函数都是高斯函数族,文中突破了以往采用高斯函数族近似l₀范数,提出了采用复合三角函数作为近似估计l₀范数的函数,然后结合修正牛顿法和阻尼牛顿法提出一种更精确的重建算法DNSL0。实验结果表明,在相同测试环境下,DNSL0算法在峰值信噪比和匹配度方面比SL0算法和NSL0算法都有了大幅提高。     

基于近似l0范数的稳健稀疏重构算法

针对测量值受噪声污染的稀疏重构问题,本文提出了稳健近似l0范数最小化算法.该算法首先利用反正切函数近似l0范数,然后建立基于近似l0范数的含噪稀疏重构模型,最后通过拟牛顿法求解该模型,并分析了算法的收敛性.数值仿真表明,本文提出的算法重构稀疏向量时需要较少的测量值,且具有较高的计算精度.     

L0范数平滑逼近的稳健求解算法

该文研究基于代理函数和先验概率密度的L0范数平滑逼近问题的稳健求解。首先,分析了平滑逼近函数的凹凸特性,给出提高恢复性能的参数调整策略与改进的SL0和FOCUSS算法。其次,将噪声背景下L0范数逼近过程进行正则化表示,并基于牛顿方向推导其迭代重加权形式的求解框架,给出一种新的代理函数。最后,使用数值仿真证实了所提算法可以提高此类问题的求解的稳健性,具有实用价值。     

一种基于单像素相机的压缩感知图像重建优化算法

基于压缩感知图像重构和单像素相机成像的基本原理,对单像素成像系统中的图像重建算法进行了改进优化。基于最小范数类优化算法,结合凸优化算法和非凸优化算法各自的优点,设计了一种逼近L₀范数的数学模型,从而实现了从凸优化向非凸优化算法的迭代逼近,即逼近光滑L₀范数算法。该新型算法以更高的效率和更大的概率逼近原始信号全局最优且尽可能稀疏的解。相较于传统压缩感知图像重建的贪婪类算法和最小范数类算法,该算法使压缩感知重建图像的质量和单像素相机的成像效果均得到了有效提升,并通过实验仿真和实际场景的成像实验验证了该优化算法的可行性。     

基于压缩感知的通信信号频谱检测方法

频谱感知是无线通信网络中提高频谱利用率的关键。针对现有通信信号频谱检测方法抗噪性低的问题,文中提出一种基于压缩感知的频谱检测方法。该方法首先利用压缩感知理论对通信信号的宽频带进行稀疏采样,其次采用改进的平滑范数重构算法对信号循环谱进行重构,提高了信号循环谱的重构性能,最后在循环谱域实现频谱检测。仿真实验结果表明,改进的平滑范数重构算法对信号的重构精度优于正交匹配追踪算法,压缩感知信号频谱检测算法的抗噪性优于传统能量检测算法。     

非理想条件下基于矢量水听器阵列的一种快速方位估计算法

为了实现少快拍、低信噪比(SNR)条件下的水下目标快速方位估计,该文建立矢量水听器阵列方位估计稀疏表示模型。利用实值转化技术将复数方向矩阵转化到实数域,以便利用平滑L0算法对稀疏信号矩阵进行重构从而得到方位估计结果。该文改进平滑L0算法,利用收敛性更好的复合反比例函数(CIPF)函数作为平滑函数以及提出促稀疏加权的方法,该方法通过加权的方式修正噪声条件下L2范数作为迭代初始值偏离稀疏解较远的问题来促进算法快速收敛于稀疏解。通过仿真验证了该文提出的基于实值转换的促稀疏加权平滑L0算法在少快拍、低信噪比的条件下可以实现优于传统子空间类算法的性能,并且在保证性能的同时,显著提高方位估计的速度。     

非理想条件下基于矢量水听器阵列的一种快速方位估计算法

为了实现少快拍、低信噪比(SNR)条件下的水下目标快速方位估计,该文建立矢量水听器阵列方位估计稀疏表示模型.利用实值转化技术将复数方向矩阵转化到实数域,以便利用平滑L0算法对稀疏信号矩阵进行重构从而得到方位估计结果.该文改进平滑L0算法,利用收敛性更好的复合反比例函数(CIPF)函数作为平滑函数以及提出促稀疏加权的方法,该方法通过加权的方式修正噪声条件下L2范数作为迭代初始值偏离稀疏解较远的问题来促进算法快速收敛于稀疏解.通过仿真验证了该文提出的基于实值转换的促稀疏加权平滑L0算法在少快拍、低信噪比的条件下可以实现优于传统子空间类算法的性能,并且在保证性能的同时,显著提高方位估计的速度.     

分块压缩感知的全变差正则化重构算法

针对分块压缩感知(BCS)重建图像质量较差问题,该文提出一种最小化l₀范数的分块压缩感知全变差(TV)正则化迭代阈值图像重构算法(BCS-TVIT)。BCS-TVIT算法考虑图像的局部平滑、有界变差等性质,将最小化l₀范数与图像的全变差TV正则项结合,构建目标函数。针对目标函数中l₀范数项和分块测量约束项无法直接优化问题,采用迭代阈值法使重构图像l₀范数最小化,并通过凸集投影保证满足约束条件,完成了目标函数的优化求解。实验表明,与基于l₀范数最小化的分块压缩感知平滑投影算法(BCS-SPL)相比,BCS-TVIT算法重构图像峰值信噪比提高2 dB,能消除BCS-SPL的“亮斑”效应,且在视觉效果上明显优于BCS-SPL算法;与最小全变差算法相比,BCS-TVIT算法重构图像峰值信噪比提升1 dB,且能降低重构时间约2个数量级。     

Technology innovation and process integrations for sub-100nm gate patterning

This paper presents a brief overview of the Applied Centura(R)DPS(R)system,configured with silicon etch DPS Ⅱ chamber, with emphasis on discussing tuning capability for CD uniformity control. It also presents the studies of etch process chemistry and film integration impact for an overall successful gate patterning development. Discussions will focus on resolutions to key issues, such as CD uniformity, line-edge roughness, and multilayer film etching integration.     

White organic light-emitting devices based on fac tris（2- phenylpyridine） iridium sensitized 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnap -hthacene

We have fabricated the white organic light-emitting devices （WOLEDs） based on 4,4＇ -bis（2,2 -diphenyl vinyl）-1,1＇ - biphenyl （DPVBi） and phosphorescence sensitized 5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene （rubrene）. The device structure is ITO/2T-NATA （20 nm）/NPBX （20 nm）/CBP： x%Ir（ppy）3：0.5% rubrene （8 nm）/NPBX （5 nm）/DPVBi （30 nm）/Alq（30 nm）/LiF（0.5 nm）/A1. In the devices, DPVBi acts as a blue light-emitting layer, the rubrene is sensitized by a phosphorescent material, fac tris （2-phenylpyridine） iridium [Ir（ppy）3], acts as a yellow light-emitting layer, and N,N＇ -bis- （1-naphthyl）- N,N＇ -diphenyl -1, 1＇ -biphenyl-4,4＇ -diamine （NPBX） acts as a hole transporting and exciton blocker layer, respectively. When the concentration of Ir （PPY）3 is 6wt%, the maximum luminance is 24960 cd/m^2 at an applied voltage of 15 V, and the maximum luminous efficiency is 5.17 cd/A at an applied voltage of 8 V.     

Complete approach to automatic identification and subpixel center location for ellipse feature

To meet the need of automatic image features extraction with high precision in visual inspection, a complete approach to automatic identification and sub-pixel center location for similar-ellipse feature is proposed. In the method, the feature area is identified automatically based on the edge attribute, and the sub-pixel center location is accomplished with the leastsquare algorithm. It shows that the method is valid, practical, and has high precision by experiment. Meanwhile this method can meet the need of instrumentation of visual inspection because of easy realization and without man-machine interaction.     

小角度扩展相关性近似算法分析

本论文提出一种在多天线MIMO信道相关性建模中小角度扩展近似理论算法,并应用于分析MIMO系统性能。分析中分别对三种不同角能量分布情况下的空间相关性研发快速近似计算法,并同时提出双模(Bi-Modal)角能量分布情况下的近似运算。通过分析这些新方法的近似效率,可以得到计算简单、复杂度低、而且符合实际的MIMO相关信道矩阵,对系统级的快速高效计算法的研究和系统级的评估以及误差分析具有重要的意义。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

A Versatile Mixed-Signal Pin Approach for Cost-Effective Test of Automotive ICs

Integrated circuits (ICs) intended for increasingly sophisticated automotive applications bring unique test demands. Advanced ICs for applications such as highly integrated automatic braking system (ABS) and airbag controllers combine high voltage digital channels, significant VI demands and precise timing capability. Along with continued missioncritical reliability concerns, the trend toward higher voltage operation and increased device integration requires specialized test capabilities able to extend across the wide operating ranges found in automotive applications. Among these capabilities, automotive test requirements increasingly dictate a need for a cost-effective versatile mixed-signal pin electronics with very high data rates reaching up to 50MHz with a voltage swing of-2 V to +28 V.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

Optical vibration and deviation measurement of rotating machine parts

It is of interest to get appropriate information about the dynamic behaviour of rotating machinery parts in service. This paper presents an approach of optical vibration and deviation measurement of such parts. Essential of this method is an image derotator combined with a high speed camera or a laser doppler vibrometer （LDV）.