4H-SiC低压热壁CVD同质外延生长及特性

为了获得高质量4H-SiC外延材料,研制出一套水平式低压热壁CVD(LP-HWCVD)生长系统,在偏晶向的4H-SiC Si(0001)晶面衬底上,利用"台阶控制生长"技术进行了4H-SiC的同质外延生长,典型生长温度和压力分别为1500℃和1.3×103Pa,生长速率控制在1.0μm/h左右.采用Nomarski光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、X射线衍射、Raman散射以及低温光致发光测试技术,研究了4H-SiC的表面形貌、结构和光学特性以及用NH3作为n型掺杂剂的4H-SiC原位掺杂技术,并在此基础上获得了4H-SiC p-n结二极管以及它们在室温及400℃下的电致发光特性,实验结果表明4H-SiC在Si不能工作的高温环境下具有极大的应用潜力.     

4H-SiC同质外延中的缺陷

从实验出发,用LPCVD外延系统在偏向<11-20>方向8°的4H-SiC(0001)Si面衬底上,利用CVD技术进行了4H-SiC同质外延生长。外延后在熔融KOH腐蚀液中进行腐蚀,使用SEM和光学显微镜表征方法探讨了CVD法4H-SiC同质外延中的位错、微管和孪晶等缺陷形貌,并分析其形成机理。     

75mm 4°偏轴4H-SiC水平热壁式CVD外延生长

利用水平热壁式CVD外延生长技术,在75mm偏向1120方向4°的(0001)Si-面n型导电衬底上同质外延生长了4H-SiC薄膜.光学显微镜和原子力显微镜测试结果表明外延层表面存在三角形、胡萝卜状等典型的4°偏轴外延缺陷及普遍的台阶形貌.通过优化外延参数,片内浓度均匀性(σ/mean)和厚度均匀性分别达到4.37%和l.81%.     

75mm 4°偏轴4H-SiC水平热壁式CVD外延生长

利用水平热壁式CVD外延生长技术,在75mm偏向1120方向4°的(0001)Si-面n型导电衬底上同质外延生长了4H-SiC薄膜.光学显微镜和原子力显微镜测试结果表明外延层表面存在三角形、胡萝卜状等典型的4°偏轴外延缺陷及普遍的台阶形貌.通过优化外延参数,片内浓度均匀性(σ/mean)和厚度均匀性分别达到4.37%和l.81%.     

偏晶向(0001)Si-面衬底上4H-SiC的LPCVD外延生长

化学气相沉积(CVD)是微电子器件用SiC外延材料的主要生长技术.为了获得高质量的4H-SiC外延材料,在偏向<1120>方向8°的4H-SiC(0001)Si-面衬底上,利用台阶控制生长技术进行4H-SiC的同质外延生长.表面形貌是SiC外延材料质量好坏的一个重要参数,为此研究了表面形貌与工艺参数的关系,探讨了4H-SiC外延膜的表面缺陷形成原因.利用Raman散射技术研究了非均匀4H-SiC外延材料的多晶型现象.     

偏晶向(0001)Si-面衬底上4H-SiC的LPCVD外延生长

化学气相沉积(CVD)是微电子器件用SiC外延材料的主要生长技术.为了获得高质量的4H-SiC外延材料,在偏向<1120>方向8°的4H-SiC(0001)Si-面衬底上,利用台阶控制生长技术进行4H-SiC的同质外延生长.表面形貌是SiC外延材料质量好坏的一个重要参数,为此研究了表面形貌与工艺参数的关系,探讨了4H-SiC外延膜的表面缺陷形成原因.利用Raman散射技术研究了非均匀4H-SiC外延材料的多晶型现象.     

零偏4H-SiC衬底的同质外延方法

基于水平热壁化学气相沉积(CVD)技术,采用原位刻蚀方法,在3英寸(1英寸=2.54 cm)(0001)Si面零偏4H-SiC衬底上生长了高质量的同质外延层,并对其主要工艺参数和生长机制进行了探讨。利用微分干涉相差显微镜、喇曼散射及湿法腐蚀等表征手法对样品进行了测试分析。测量结果表明,4H-SiC占整个外延表面积的99%以上,此外,该工艺消除了4H-SiC同质外延层中的基面位错,提高了外延层的质量。同时对零偏4H-SiC衬底的同质外延的工艺过程和理论进行了研究和讨论,实验发现,生长前的原位刻蚀、初始生长参数、碳硅原子比以及生长温度对于维持外延层晶型、避免3C-SiC多型的产生具有重要影响。     

偏晶向(0001)Si-面衬底上4H-SiC的LPCVD外延生长

化学气相沉积（CVD）是微电子器件用SiC外延材料的主要生长技术. 为了获得高质量的4H-SiC外延材料，在偏向〈1120〉方向8. 的4H-SiC (0001) Si-面衬底上，利用台阶控制生长技术进行4H-SiC的同质外延生长. 表面形貌是SiC外延材料质量好坏的一个重要参数，为此研究了表面形貌与工艺参数的关系，探讨了4H-SiC外延膜的表面缺陷形成原因. 利用Raman散射技术研究了非均匀4H-SiC外延材料的多晶型现象.     

AIN/Si(111)复合衬底上4H-SiC薄膜的异质外延

利用化学气相淀积(CVD)的方法在AlN/Si(111)复合衬底上成功实现了4H-SiC薄膜的异质外延生长,用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、阴极荧光(CL)等方法对所得样品的结构特征、表面形貌和光学性质进行了表征测量.XRD测量结果显示得到的SiC薄膜的晶体取向单一;室温CL结果表明所得SiC薄膜为4H-SiC,且随着生长温度的升高,SiC薄膜的CL发光效率提高.生长温度、反应气源中C/si比等工艺参数对SiC薄膜的外延生长及其性质影响的研究表明在AIN/Si(111)复合衬底上外延4H-SiC的最佳衬底温度为1230～1270℃,比通常4H-SiC同质外延所需的温度低200～300℃;较为合适的C/Si比值为1.3.     

小切角衬底上4H-SiC同质外延薄膜的形貌

4H-SiC外延薄膜是加工高频、大功率电子电力器件的理想半导体材料,而使用不同斜切角的衬底进行外延生长的工艺不同.在1.2°小切角的4H-SiC离轴衬底上采用化学气相沉积(CVD)法生长同质外延薄膜.为了改善外延薄膜的表面形貌,对生长温度、原位表面处理和C/Si比这三个重要的生长参数进行了优化.利用光学显微镜和原子力显微镜(AFM)观察外延薄膜的表面形貌,发现较高的生长温度和较低的C/Si比可以有效降低缺陷密度和表面粗糙度.在生长前使用硅烷气体进行原位表面处理可以有效减小外延薄膜表面的台阶聚束效应.低温光致发光测试表明生长的外延薄膜质量良好.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.