一种基于蚁群算法的分布式多播路由算法

随着计算机网络的不断发展,大量多媒体应用要求网络具有满足QoS约束的多播功能.应用多播的关键是确定有效的多播路由,即求解最优Steiner树.目前提出的大部分都是集中式的或本质上是集中式的启发式算法,关于分布式算法的研究还比较少.本文提出了一种基于蚁群算法的分布式多播路由算法.该算法在源节点不掌握整个网络信息的情况下,利用网络的局部启发式信息和蚂蚁留下的信息素建立最优的多播路由.结合多播路由问题的特点,对算法进行了改进,使算法的收敛速度和解的质量都得到了较大的提高.仿真实验结果验证了该算法的有效性.     

基于蚂蚁算法的时延受限分布式多播路由研究

本文探讨了在高速包交换计算机网络中,具有端到端时延限制的多播路由问题。提出了一种新颖的基于蚂蚁算法的多播路由优化算法,该算法是完全分布式的。仿真实验表明,用该算法产生的多播路由树的费用比已存在的主要算法更好,并且适应于多播成员数的变化。     

IP网络的QoS技术研究

本文通过对IPQos的主要模型和关键技术的研究,针对QoS约束多播路由问题,利用蚂蚁算法的本质并行性,提出了一种基于蚁群系统的分布式Qos多播路由算法。     

基于混合蚂蚁算法的QoS多播路由算法研究

在研究了QoS多播路由算法的基础上,提出了一种基于混合蚂蚁算法的QoS多播路由算法--QMRA-GAA算法.QMRA-GAA算法利用混合蚂蚁算法构造多播树,真正做到了协议无关,同时QMPA-GAA算法还具有额外负载低、自适应性强、不产生回路等优点.仿真结果表明,和传统的QOS多播路由算法相比,QMRA-GAA算法在加入成功率、自适应性方面都有了很大的提高,建树代价也控制在很好的范围内.     

时延和时延抖动约束的低费用多播路由算法

为了有效支持交互式实时组播业务,不仅要考虑时延约束,而且要考虑时延抖动约束,同时还需高效管理网络资源,以降低多播费用。本文提出了一种新的时延和时延抖动约束的低费用我播路由启发式算法,仿真结果表明该算法复杂度较低,时延抖动较小,又降低了网络费用,是一种快速有效的多播路由算法。     

Ad Hoc网络中基于粒子群优化的QoS多播路由研究

针对Ad Hoc网络中带QoS约束的多播路由问题，提出了一种新的结合MAODV多播路由发现方法和粒．子群优化算法的QoS多播路由发现算法。仿真试验显示该算法较好地改进了端到端传输的代价、延时和带宽利用率，能够找到一棵消耗趋于最小、状态稳定的多播路由树。     

Ad Hoc网络中一种基于QoS的分布式多播路由算法

通过分析Ad Hoe网络的特点及基于QoS的多播路由问题，提出了一种新的分布式多播路由算法。实验和分析的结果表明，文中构造的路由方案成功地解决了Ad Hoe网中基于QoS的多播路由问题。当Ad Hoe网络的拓扑结构改变不太快时，本文提出的路由方案不仅满足了实时业务对网络带宽和端到端延时的要求，优化了路由树的代价，而且有效地控制了算法的复杂性并可适用于大规模的网络中。     

动态多播最小生成树算法

在IP多播网络中,如何选择合适的路由、优化配置,以减少开支,是IP多播业务推广使用的关键。该文针对IP多播动态路由选择的特点和现有算法的不足,提出了一种新的动态多播最小生成树算法(DMPH),随机网络模型的仿真结果表明:DMPH算法生成的多播树总费用与静态算法基本一致,优于现有的动态算法;计算复杂性较静态算法有很大降低。     

一种支持QoS的多播路由算法

对支持ＱｏＳ（服务质量）的多播路由技术作了较详细的分析,提出了一种后向搜索最小生成树算法作为有实时笥要求的多播业务的路由算法,并模拟分析了该算法的优越性。     

基于链路共享度的网络编码多播路由算法

针对网络编码中最小编码子图的构造问题,提出了一种基于链路共享度的网络编码多播路由算法.该算法利用各条链路的共享度不同,依次选择共享度最大的链路加入到多播传输路径中.实验仿真结果表明,该算法与传统的最短路径多播树算法相比,可节省网络资源约6%～15%,能更好地均衡网络负载,结合随机网络编码算法,能够有效提升多播传输的性能...     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

Call for Papers

正Communications—VLSI Researches and industries of telecommunications have been growing rapidly in the last 20 years and will keep their high growing pace in the next decade.The involved researches and developments cover mobile communications,highway and last-mile broadband communication,domain specific communications,and emerging D2D M2M communications.Radio communication steps into its