超声波检测中的小波降噪方法研究

传统小波阈值去噪分为硬阈值去噪和软阈值去噪,而在去噪过程中,硬阈值函数在一些不连续点处有时会产生伪吉布斯现象;软阈值函数中估计的小波系数与信号的小波信号之间存在恒定偏差。为了去除这些现象,提出了一种新阈值函数,实验结果表明,新阈值函数消噪后的视觉特性较好,并且信噪比提高,从而说明了这种方法的有效性。     

几种基于小波阈值去噪的改进方法

传统小波阈值去噪分为硬阈值去噪和软阈值去噪,而在其去噪过程中,硬阈值函数在一些不连续点处有时会产生伪吉布斯现象;软阈值函数中估计的小波系数与信号的小波信号之间存在恒定偏差.为了去除这些现象,本文提出了几种新阈值函数的改进方案.实验结果表明,新阈值函数消噪后的视觉特性较好,并且信噪比提高,均方根误差有所降低.从而说明这些方法的有效性.     

一种改进的小波阈值去噪法

基于小波变换的阈值去噪法是去除数字信号中白噪声的有效算法,其中阈值函数的选择关系着重构信号的连续性和精度。但是硬阈值函数在阈值点具有不连续性,软阈值函数中估计的小波系数与信号的小波信号间存在恒定偏差的缺陷,这些缺点限制了阈值去噪法的进一步应用。将硬阈值和软阈值函数进行加权平均,选取适当的权值函数,可以构造出一种克服了软硬阈值缺点的新的阈值函数。仿真结果表明,该方法具有较好的去噪效果。     

小波去噪在超声多普勒信号处理中的应用

在超声多普勒流量计的研制过程中,由于多普勒信号属于微弱信号,超声波回波信号的去噪处理这一步是十分必要的。通常采用小波阈值去噪的方法对此信号进行预处理,本文所采用的方法是在小波阈值去噪方法的基础上,利用一种改进的阈值函数,此阈值函数克服了硬阈值函数不连续的不足,继承了软阈值函数的连续性特点,并且解决了软阈值函数中存在的小波系数与分解小波系数之间存在着恒定偏差的缺陷,与此同时,它具有软硬阈值函数不可比拟的灵活性。对实验所获得的超声波回波信号进行去噪,仿真结果表明,采用新的阈值函数去噪能有效抑制在信号奇异点附近产生的Pseudo-Gibbs现象,并且从信噪比增益和均方误差意义上分析看出改进型阈值函数对于超声回波信号的去噪效果均优于传统的软、硬阈值方法。     

基于一种渐进半软阈值函数的小波去噪

针对硬软阈值函数的不足, 提出了一种渐进半软阈值函数,不仅弥补了硬阈值函数不连续性的缺陷,同时还克服软阈值函数重构信号后存在恒定偏差的缺陷,使得估计的小波系数逐渐接近于真实小波系数。通过对含噪Doppler信号的MATLAB仿真实验结果表明,与传统阈值函数和几种改进阈值函数相比,渐进半软阈值函数在去噪性能上能够获得更优的信噪比增益和均方根误差, 更适合于实际应用。     

改进的小波域阈值算法在图像去噪中的应用

针对传统小波阈值函数在阈值处间断、小波估计系数与实际系数存在恒定偏差,导致去噪后的图像出现失真,产生伪吉布斯等问题,在对软、硬阈值和几种具有代表性的改进阈值去噪法分析的基础上,提出一种新的改进阈值算法,并对阈值进行改进。最后用Matlab客观性能分析上均优于常用阈值函数。     

基于小波变换的红外图像去噪

提出一种基于新型阈值函数的小波域红外图像去噪法,其阈值函数表达式简单且连续,既克服了硬阈值函数不连续的缺点,又克服了软阈值函数中估计小波系数与含噪小波系数间存在恒定偏差的缺陷。同时新的阈值函数还有效地利用了小波系数的成串性,即在小波系数的估计计算中考虑了邻域小波系数的大小。仿真结果表明,在去噪红外图像视觉效果和峰值信噪比两个方面,文中提出的去噪法优于已有的各种门限去噪法和Matlab-wiener2滤波算法。     

基于一种新阈值函数的小波阈值去噪方法研究

在分析了D.L.Donoho提出的硬阈值、软阈值小波去噪算法存在问题的基础上,构造了一个新阈值函数。新阈值函数的小波阈值去噪方法克服了硬阈值函数不连续的缺点,解决了软阈值函数中存在恒定偏差的问题。仿真实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地去除白噪声干扰,在信噪比和均方误差等方面均优于常用的软、硬阈值及改进的软硬阈值折中算法,去噪后的信号与原始信号的近似性也较好,充分体现出小波阈值去噪方法的优越性。     

基于小波包的阈值语音去噪算法研究

传统的小波阈值去噪算法会不可避免地造成有用语音信号的损失,达不到很高的信噪比。基于Donoho提出的传统阈值去噪方法,提出了一种新的阈值函数,该闽值函数结合了软阈值函数和灿律阈值函数的优点,不仅克服了硬阈值函数不连续的缺点,而且解决了软阈值函数存在的恒定偏差。实验仿真表明,新阈值函数的语音去噪方法无论在听觉效果上,还是信噪比指标上均明显优于传统的硬、软阈值方法。     

一种新的小波阈值去噪方法研究

本文研究用组合小波对含噪信号的去噪问题,对均方根误差、信噪比、平滑度等信号指标进行多指标融合作为去噪效果的评价参数,根据评价参数确定最佳小波分解尺度、小波去噪最佳小波基和最佳阈值。新的去噪方法与传统的去噪方法相比,克服了硬阈值不连续的缺点,还克服了软阈值中估计小波系数与分解小波系数之间的恒定偏差的缺点。MATLAB仿真结果表明,新的阈值函数的去噪效果在各指标上都优于传统的阈值去噪方法。     

Technology innovation and process integrations for sub-100nm gate patterning

This paper presents a brief overview of the Applied Centura(R)DPS(R)system,configured with silicon etch DPS Ⅱ chamber, with emphasis on discussing tuning capability for CD uniformity control. It also presents the studies of etch process chemistry and film integration impact for an overall successful gate patterning development. Discussions will focus on resolutions to key issues, such as CD uniformity, line-edge roughness, and multilayer film etching integration.     

White organic light-emitting devices based on fac tris（2- phenylpyridine） iridium sensitized 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnap -hthacene

We have fabricated the white organic light-emitting devices （WOLEDs） based on 4,4＇ -bis（2,2 -diphenyl vinyl）-1,1＇ - biphenyl （DPVBi） and phosphorescence sensitized 5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene （rubrene）. The device structure is ITO/2T-NATA （20 nm）/NPBX （20 nm）/CBP： x%Ir（ppy）3：0.5% rubrene （8 nm）/NPBX （5 nm）/DPVBi （30 nm）/Alq（30 nm）/LiF（0.5 nm）/A1. In the devices, DPVBi acts as a blue light-emitting layer, the rubrene is sensitized by a phosphorescent material, fac tris （2-phenylpyridine） iridium [Ir（ppy）3], acts as a yellow light-emitting layer, and N,N＇ -bis- （1-naphthyl）- N,N＇ -diphenyl -1, 1＇ -biphenyl-4,4＇ -diamine （NPBX） acts as a hole transporting and exciton blocker layer, respectively. When the concentration of Ir （PPY）3 is 6wt%, the maximum luminance is 24960 cd/m^2 at an applied voltage of 15 V, and the maximum luminous efficiency is 5.17 cd/A at an applied voltage of 8 V.     

Complete approach to automatic identification and subpixel center location for ellipse feature

To meet the need of automatic image features extraction with high precision in visual inspection, a complete approach to automatic identification and sub-pixel center location for similar-ellipse feature is proposed. In the method, the feature area is identified automatically based on the edge attribute, and the sub-pixel center location is accomplished with the leastsquare algorithm. It shows that the method is valid, practical, and has high precision by experiment. Meanwhile this method can meet the need of instrumentation of visual inspection because of easy realization and without man-machine interaction.     

小角度扩展相关性近似算法分析

本论文提出一种在多天线MIMO信道相关性建模中小角度扩展近似理论算法,并应用于分析MIMO系统性能。分析中分别对三种不同角能量分布情况下的空间相关性研发快速近似计算法,并同时提出双模(Bi-Modal)角能量分布情况下的近似运算。通过分析这些新方法的近似效率,可以得到计算简单、复杂度低、而且符合实际的MIMO相关信道矩阵,对系统级的快速高效计算法的研究和系统级的评估以及误差分析具有重要的意义。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

A Versatile Mixed-Signal Pin Approach for Cost-Effective Test of Automotive ICs

Integrated circuits (ICs) intended for increasingly sophisticated automotive applications bring unique test demands. Advanced ICs for applications such as highly integrated automatic braking system (ABS) and airbag controllers combine high voltage digital channels, significant VI demands and precise timing capability. Along with continued missioncritical reliability concerns, the trend toward higher voltage operation and increased device integration requires specialized test capabilities able to extend across the wide operating ranges found in automotive applications. Among these capabilities, automotive test requirements increasingly dictate a need for a cost-effective versatile mixed-signal pin electronics with very high data rates reaching up to 50MHz with a voltage swing of-2 V to +28 V.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

Optical vibration and deviation measurement of rotating machine parts

It is of interest to get appropriate information about the dynamic behaviour of rotating machinery parts in service. This paper presents an approach of optical vibration and deviation measurement of such parts. Essential of this method is an image derotator combined with a high speed camera or a laser doppler vibrometer （LDV）.