某铜铅锌多金属硫化矿浮选试验研究

云南某铜铅锌多金属硫化矿铜品位0.45%、铅品位3.18%、锌品位4.21%,含银30.10 g/t,有用矿物以黄铜矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿等为主。黄铜矿与闪锌矿相互交代连生或混染包裹,铜、锌矿物粒度粗细不均。85.11%的铜以原生硫化铜的形式存在,铅、锌也均主要赋存于硫化矿中。浮选试验结果表明,在磨矿细度-0.074 mm 80%的条件下,以CaO+Na2S+Na₂SO₃+ZnSO₄作调整剂、异丙基黄药作捕收剂、730A作起泡剂,1粗3精2扫铜铅混合闭路浮选可获得产率650%,铜品位5,20%、铅品位43.64%,铜回收率75.11% 、铅回收率93.00%的铜铅混合精矿;铜铅混合尾矿以CuSO₄作活化剂、丁基黄药作捕收剂经1粗2精2扫闭路流程选锌可获得产率7.60%、品位46.94%、回收率85.76%的锌精矿;铜铅混合精矿经1粗1精分离浮选可获得品位42.23%、回收率8638%的铅精矿和品位27.65%、回收率61.88%的铜精矿;铜、铅、锌精矿指标均达到相应的产品质量标准,并综合回收了银。试验结果可为该矿石的开发利用提供技术参考。     

某铅锌浮选尾矿有价金属浮选综合回收

以某铅锌浮选尾矿为研究对象,采用"尾矿再磨—铅锌混合浮选—活化选锌"工艺对原尾矿中的有价金属元素进行综合回收试验研究。结果表明,在磨矿细度-74μm占82%的条件下,以乙硫氮和丁基黄药为铅锌混合浮选捕收剂,锌浮选采用硫化钠和硫酸铜活化,以丁基黄药和异戊基黄药为捕收剂,开路试验所得浮选产品中铅锌混合精矿中铅、锌的回收率分别为36.4%和18.0%,锌粗精矿中锌的回收率达到57.6%,原尾矿中有价金属元素得到了有效回收。     

云南某铜铅锌多金属硫化矿石浮选试验

云南某铜铅锌多金属硫化矿石铜、铅、锌含量分别为0.58%、0.75%、3.01%,有害元素砷含量低。为开发利用该矿石,对其进行了选矿试验研究。结果表明：在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占85%条件下,以硫代硫酸钠、腐殖酸钠、六偏磷酸钠为脉石抑制剂、硫酸锌为锌矿物抑制剂、乙基黄药为捕收剂进行铜铅混合优先浮选,铜铅混合精矿以石灰为pH调整剂、EMY-306为抑制剂、Z-200为捕收剂进行铜铅分离,铜铅混浮尾矿以硫酸铜为活化剂、丁基黄药为捕收剂进行锌浮选,获得的铜精矿铜品位为26.09%、回收率为71.25%,铅精矿铅品位为48.82%、回收率为69.21%,锌精矿锌品位为49.80%、回收率为87.78%。试验取得了较好的分选指标,为该矿石资源的开发利用提供了技术依据。     

Rheological investigations of sulphide mineral slurries

The flotation separation of ultrafine (−5 μm) sulphide mineral particles is inherently problematic, since even strongly hydrophobic fines have relatively low flotation rate constants. Selective aggregation of fines provides a route for enhanced flotation selectivity, but requires detailed knowledge and ultimately control of the electrostatic and hydrophobic inter-particle forces acting in concentrated sulphide mineral slurries. Rheological investigations offer insight into these inter-particle interactions. Rheological studies of ultrafine sphalerite particle slurries at pulp densities akin to those experienced in flotation practice were undertaken; the influence of pH, electrolyte concentration, activating copper (II) ions and ethyl xanthate ions on the level of pulp aggregation, as defined by the yield values and viscosities, are reported.The rheological behaviour of oxidised, and effectively hydrophillic, sphalerite particles (in the pH range 4 to 10) are controlled by electrostatic repulsive forces and yield values scale inversely with electrophoretic mobilities. Copper (II) activation, ethyl xanthate treatment and addition of slime particles dramatically affect pulp rheology and, depending on the particular concentrations and conditions employed, cause either aggregation or dispersion of the pulp. We show that an understanding of the theological behaviour of sulphide mineral pulps enhance our knowledge of particle-particle (and bubble-particle interactions) and may enable fine particle flotation performance to be optimised.     

云南某铜铅锌多金属矿石选矿试验研究

云南某铜铅锌多金属矿石铜、铅、锌含量分别为1.08%、1.51%、2.36%。为开发利用该矿石,对其进行了选矿试验研究。结果表明：原矿磨细至-0.075 mm占72.50%,以硫酸锌+EMT-12为抑制剂、EMS-602为捕收剂经1粗3精1扫优先选铜,选铜尾矿以石灰为调整剂、硫酸锌+EMT-12为抑制剂、EMS-001为捕收剂经1粗3精1扫选铅,选铅尾矿以硫酸铜为活化剂、丁基黄药+乙基黄药为捕收剂经1粗3精1扫选锌、选锌尾矿以EMH104+硫酸铜为活化剂、丁基黄药为捕收剂经1粗1扫选硫,可以得到铜品位为20.33%、回收率为86.29%的铜精矿,铅品位为55.68%、回收率为84.35%的铅精矿,锌品位为46.83%、回收率为86.97%的锌精矿,硫品位为38.96%、回收率为71.92%的硫精矿,达到了对铜、铅、锌、硫综合回收的目的。     

新疆某高硫铜锌矿选矿试验

针对新疆某高硫铜锌矿石的性质特点,采用铜锌混合浮选-混合粗精矿再磨-铜锌分离-铜锌混浮尾矿选硫的原则流程对该矿石进行了选矿试验研究。研究表明,铜锌混合浮选和铜锌混合粗精矿再磨适宜的磨矿产品细度分别为-0.074 mm占90%和-0.043 mm占95%;J102和丁基黄药为铜锌混合浮选的有效捕收剂;T-21与硫酸锌组合对闪锌矿具有较强的抑制作用;J102对铜矿物的选择性捕收可以较好地实现铜锌分离。采用试验确定的闭路流程处理该矿石,可获得铜品位为20.09%、铜回收率为86.46%的铜精矿,锌品位为52.48%、锌回收率为67.35%的锌精矿,硫品位为45.95%、硫回收率为74.09%的硫精矿。     

江西某铜硫矿石浮选工艺研究

江西某大型铅锌矿山在深部接替资源勘查中探获了资源量达到中型规模以上的铜硫矿石资源。为了合理开发利用该矿石资源,在矿石性质研究和探索试验基础上,采用铜硫混合浮选-铜硫分离浮选工艺对其进行了选矿试验。试验结果表明：原矿磨至-0.074 mm占75%后以石灰为pH调整剂、丁黄药为捕收剂、2号油为起泡剂进行1粗2扫混合浮选,所获混合精矿再磨至-0.038 mm占80%后以石灰为pH调整剂、LP-01为捕收剂进行1粗2精2扫抑硫浮铜分离浮选,可获得铜品位为14.22%、铜回收率为87.58%的铜精矿和硫品位为34.01%、硫回收率为80.84%的硫精矿,从而使矿石中的铜、硫得到较好的综合回收。     

云南水源地区某氧化铜矿石选矿试验

云南水源某铜矿石铜品位为0.88%,56.6%的铜以硫化铜形式存在,43.4%的铜以氧化铜形式存在。矿石矿物组成复杂、泥化现象严重。为给该铜矿石的合理开发利用提供参考,进行了先浮选硫化铜矿物再浮选氧化铜矿物的工艺流程试验。结果表明,在磨矿细度为-200目占80%条件下,以CaO(加入磨机中)和水玻璃为抑制剂、丁黄药为捕收剂经1粗2精硫化铜浮选,硫化铜浮选尾矿经水力旋流器脱泥后,沉砂以硫化钠为活化剂、羟肟酸钠+丁黄药为捕收剂经1粗2精2扫氧化铜浮选,获得的混合铜精矿铜品位为20.13%、回收率为72.81%。氧化铜浮选前经水力旋流器脱泥减轻了矿泥在矿浆中的循环、积累现象,使精矿由四级品提高到三级品,具有较好的经济效益。     

The flotation behaviour of chromite with respect to the beneficiation of UG2 ore

The UG2 reef of the Bushveld Igneous Complex in South Africa is a valuable source of platinum group metals (PGMs) that is beneficiated by flotation. Chromite is one of the main gangue consituents of UG2 ore and it is essential that the amount of chromite reporting to the concentrate during flotation be minimised since it is detrimental to the subsequent smelting operations. It is generally considered that chromite is naturally hydrophilic and only reports to the concentrate by entrainment. However, it is possible that, under certain conditions, the chromite can be activated by the typical reagent suite used in the flotation of UG2 ore, rendering it hydrophobic and amenable to true flotation. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of copper sulphate and the collectors, sodium isobutyl xanthate and dithiophosphate on the flotability of chromite in a microflotation cell. The effect of copper sulphate on the zeta potential of chromite was also determined. It was found that collectors alone have an insignificant effect on the flotation of chromite whereas, in the presence of copper sulphate recoveries of above 60% were observed in mildly acid to mildly alkaline solutions decreasing 20% at a pH value of 10. The extent of activation depended on the copper sulphate dosage. Zeta potential measurements showed that, above pH 4 copper species were adsorbed on the chromite and between pH 5 and 9 the adsorption lead to charge reversal of the chromite particles to positive values. The speciation programme, MINTEQA2, was used to predict the copper species present over the pH range used. It was postulated that the activation is due to the adsorption of copper hydroxide species at the chromite surface, which then act as sites for collector adsorption.     

东川某铜锌多金属矿石浮选试验

东川某铜锌多金属矿石含铜1.12%、锌1.23%,锌主要以闪锌矿的形式存在,铜主要以氧化铜的形式存在,氧化率较高。为确定该矿石的选矿工艺流程,对其进行了浮选试验。结果表明,矿石在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占60%的情况下,以异丁基黄药为捕收剂,经1粗1扫2精流程选锌,选锌尾矿再磨至-0.074 mm占94%的情况下,以硫化钠+硫酸铵为活化剂,异丁基黄药为捕收剂,经1粗1扫3精流程选铜,可获得锌品位为40.02%、锌回收率为80.37%的锌精矿,以及铜品位分别为35.21%、铜回收率为81.42%的铜精矿。     

影响俄罗斯图瓦某多金属矿铜精矿质量指标的矿物学因素

该铜锌多金属矿选矿所得铜精矿锌含量高达10%~16%,长期不达标。经详细的矿物学研究表明,主要影响因素既不是闪锌矿解离不充分,也不是存在铜离子对闪锌矿的活化,而是矿石中存在部分含铜的闪锌矿,进入铜精矿的闪锌矿单体都是含铜1%~2%的这种解离颗粒而别于锌精矿中的闪锌矿,后者基本不含铜。因此,铜锌浮选体系中含铜闪锌矿如何有效地抑制的问题应该成为铜锌浮选分离工艺研究的新问题。     

云南迪庆氧硫混合铜矿选矿试验研究

我国氧硫混合铜矿资源丰富,对这类铜矿进行高效选矿富集具有重要意义。云南迪庆地区有大量氧硫混合铜矿,铜品位0.67%,氧化率17.37%,含铜矿物主要为黄铜矿、斑铜矿和孔雀石。采用硫化—黄药浮选法对该矿石进行选矿,分析了活化剂和捕收剂的作用机理。研究了磨矿细度、药剂制度及粗精矿再磨等对浮选指标的影响。结果表明,以石灰为抑制剂,硫化钠为氧化铜的活化剂,丁基黄药和羟肟酸为组合捕收剂,当粗磨细度-0.074mm占85.00%、粗精矿再磨细度-0.038mm占85%时,采用一次粗选、两次扫选、两次精选的浮选闭路流程,可获得铜品位18.26%、铜回收率83.93%的铜精矿。研究结果可为混合铜矿的选矿富集提供参考。     

西藏桑日混合铜矿石选矿试验研究及工业应用

在混合铜矿浮选时,添加螯合捕收剂B130,不但能减少硫化钠用量,而且能硫氧混选,简化选矿工艺流程,提高选矿厂的技术经济指标。桑日铜矿的选矿闭路试验和生产应用结果表明,B130对氧化铜矿物具有较强的捕收能力,它和黄药混用能产生协同效应,与传统硫化-黄药法相比,在铜精矿品位相当的情况下,可提高铜回收率6%左右,金回收率11%左右。     

内蒙古某铜铅锌多金属矿选矿试验研究

以内蒙古某铜铅锌复杂多金属硫化矿为研究对象,在对该矿石工艺矿物学研究的基础上,进行了大量的探索试验研究。最终采用先磁选除铁—铜铅混合浮选—铜铅分离—铜铅尾矿选锌的工艺流程,以及应用新型高效铜铅捕收剂QF-11、抑制剂CMC等,获得了含铁49.42%、回收率为56.93%的磁精矿,含铜21.12%、回收率75.49%的铜精矿,含铅48.29%、回收率79.23%的铅精矿,含锌46.73%、回收率86.30%的锌精矿,银综合回收率76.60%,实现了对该矿石综合利用的目的。     

Improved statistical methods applied to surface chemistry in minerals flotation

Diagnosis of the surface chemical factors playing a part in flotation separation of a value sulfide phase requires measurement of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic species that are statistically different between the concentrate and tail streams. Statistical methods, based on the monolayer-sensitive time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) technique, have been developed towards this ultimate aim by measuring hydrophobic species (collector ions, dimers and metal complexes, polysulfides) as well as hydrophobic metal ions, precipitates and added depressant species. Reliable identification of specific mineral particles is central to this statistical analysis. A chalcopyrite/pyrite/sphalerite mineral mixture conditioned at pH9 for 20 min to study transfer of Cu from chalcopyrite via solution to the other two mineral surfaces, since this mechanism can be responsible for their inadvertent flotation in copper recovery, showed no statistical difference in the copper intensities on pyrite and sphalerite (selected from Fe and Zn images) after this conditioning. Principal component analysis (PCA) identifies combinations of factors strongly correlated (positively or negatively) in images or spectra from sets of data. In images, PCA selects these correlations from the mass spectra recorded at each of 256 × 256 pixels in a selected area of particles. In the image mode, PCA has proved to be a much better method of selecting particles by mineral phase with clearer definition of particle boundaries due to multi-variable recognition. It has clearly separated a statistical difference in copper intensities between the sphalerite and pyrite phases.The PCA method has been applied to concentrate and tails samples collected from the Inco Matte Concentrator demonstrating extensive CuOH and NiOH transfer between the chalcocite (Cc) and heazlewoodite (Hz) minerals. Statistical differences illustrate the important discriminating depressant action of NiOH in flotation despite the activation of Hz by Cu transfer. The adsorption of the collector at specifically-identified Cu sites has been elucidated by the study. Importantly, the statistical analysis has been able to confirm some mechanisms and deny others proposed to control recovery and selectivity giving more focus on the control factors.     

Impact of gypsum supersaturated water on the uptake of copper and xanthate on sphalerite

Gypsum supersaturated process water has been shown to have an adverse effect on the flotation of sphalerite minerals. This study probes the mechanism of such effect by determining the uptake of copper and xanthate on sphalerite in gypsum supersaturated water using zeta potential distribution measurement, atomic absorption spectroscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. Our results indicate that the supersaturation of water by gypsum retards the adsorption of copper and hence the sequence xanthate adsorption on sphalerite. The retardation of copper and xanthate adsorption on sphalerite is also observed by the addition of 800 ppm calcium. The adsorption of calcium is identified to compete with copper species for the reactive surface sites of the sphalerite, resulting in the reduction in copper and xanthate uptake and hence flotation recovery of sphalerite.     

新型抑制剂对黄铜矿与方铅矿浮选分离的影响及其机理研究

针对硫化铜铅混合精矿难分离,剧毒抑制剂应用广泛的现状,研发了新型无毒抑制剂YZJ(亚硫酸钠+硅酸钠+CMC)。通过单矿物浮选试验对混浮-脱药-抑制分离的工艺,采用丁基黄药为混合浮选的捕收剂,Na2S为脱药剂,YZJ为抑制剂,Z200为分离的捕收剂对铜铅分离作业的浮选进行了试验研究。并通过红外光谱分析、吸附量测定以及电化学测试,考察了黄铜矿和方铅矿与不同药剂的作用机理。结果表明,Z200对黄铜矿具有良好的选择性,可以作为黄铜矿和方铅矿分离流程的捕收剂使用,新型抑制剂能够在铜铅分离中有效地抑制方铅矿,能够高效实现铜铅分离。      

江西某铅锌银多金属硫化矿石选矿工艺研究

江西某铅锌银多金属硫化矿石中铅主要以方铅矿形式存在,锌主要以闪锌矿形式存在,银主要以银黝铜矿、辉银矿、深红银矿等形式与方铅矿密切伴生。为合理开发该矿产资源,对其进行了选矿工艺研究。结果表明,在-0.074 mm占78%的磨矿细度和石灰形成的pH=11碱性条件下,以乙硫氮+丁铵黑药为铅银矿物的捕收剂、ZnSO₄+Na₂SO₄为锌矿物的抑制剂优先浮选铅及伴生银矿物,浮铅银尾矿以硫酸铜为活化剂、丁黄药为捕收剂浮选闪锌矿,可获得铅品位为57.05%、铅回收率为88.11%的铅精矿和锌品位为48.31%、锌回收率为86.29%的锌精矿,银在铅、锌精矿中的总回收率达到87.99%。     

某复杂铜锌硫化矿高效浮选分离新工艺研究

在铁闪锌矿和黄铜矿两种单矿物浮选试验的基础上,针对某复杂铜锌硫化矿石的原矿性质,用石灰抑制含铁矿物,硫酸锌抑制含锌矿物,丁黄药和2-巯基苯骈噻唑的混合药剂捕收含铜矿物,可以实现铜锌矿物的高效浮选分离。在开路试验基础上进行了实验室小型闭路试验,可获得铜精矿品位22.09%、铜回收率92.11%,锌精矿品位49.13%、锌回收率73.33%的选别指标。     

某混合铜矿石的浮选试验

对某混合铜矿石进行了浮选试验。试验采用氧化矿硫化优先浮选,粗选分批加药,粗精矿再磨再选的工艺流程,同时选用选择性好、捕收能力强的捕收剂GY和乙黄药混合,较好地实现了铜硫分离。在确定了最佳粗选条件和精选条件后,进行了实验室小型闭路试验,获得了铜精矿铜品位20.25%,回收率80.35%的指标。