含二茂铁基吡唑啉的合成及抗真菌活性

以二茂铁为起始原料,合成了乙酰基二茂铁,再与醛反应,合成1-二茂铁基-3-(R1苯基)-2-丙烯酮,然后再与水合肼反应合成吡唑啉,最后通过与酰氯反应生成11个N-酰基-3-二茂铁基-5-芳基吡唑啉化合物。通过1HNMR、FTIR及ESI-HRMS进行了目标化合物结构的表征;将合成的吡唑啉化合物分别对4种植物真菌病(小麦赤霉病、马铃薯干腐病、烟草赤星病、西瓜枯萎病)进行了初步的抗植物真菌活性实验,测试结果显示,部分化合物具有良好的抗植物真菌活性。     

含二茂铁基肟醚类化合物的合成及抗真菌活性

以二茂铁为起始原料,合成了3-二茂铁基-5-芳基吡唑啉,再依次与氯乙酰氯和醛肟反应,生成16个二茂铁基肟醚类化合物。通过~1HNMR、FT-IR及ESI-HRMS对目标化合物进行结构表征。将合成的肟醚类化合物分别对3种植物真菌病(马铃薯干腐病、烟草赤星病、西瓜枯萎病)进行了初步的抗植物真菌活性实验。测试结果显示,部分化合物具有良好的抗植物真菌活性。     

含二茂铁基1,2,4-三唑化合物的合成及其抗真菌活性

以二茂铁为起始原料,通过一系列反应合成二茂铁二甲酰氯中间体;以酸或者苯氧乙酸为起始原料,合成中间体1,2,4-三唑化合物,最后二茂铁二甲酰氯与1,2,4-三唑化合物反应,生成含二茂铁基1,2,4-三唑化合物。通过1H-NMR、FT-IR及ESI-HRMS进行了目标化合物结构的表征;最后,将合成的目标化合物分别对小麦赤霉病、马铃薯干腐病、烟草赤星病和西瓜枯萎病进行了初步的抗植物真菌活性试验,测试结果显示,部分化合物表现出较好的抗植物真菌活性。     

新型吡唑啉酮类化合物的合成及生物活性测定

[目的]制备新型吡唑啉酮类化合物。[方法]以唑菌酯关键中间体3-(4-氯苯基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-醇为起始原料,经过羟醛缩合反应合成中间体4-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯亚甲基)-3-(4-氯苯基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5(4H)-酮,再经亲核取代反应、酯化反应制备了11个新型吡唑啉酮类化合物。[结果]目标化合物的结构经过1H NMR进行了确证。[结论]室内生测结果表明该类化合物具有较好的杀菌和杀虫活性。     

几种新的吡唑啉衍生物的合成

以水杨醛、乙酰乙酸乙酯为原料合成3-乙酰基香豆素,3-乙酰基香豆素与各种取代基的苯甲醛反应生成相应的查尔酮,查尔酮再与2-肼基苯并噻唑反应合成了5种未见报道的吡唑啉,并通过核磁氢谱等对吡唑啉进行了表征。并对合成吡唑啉条件中的溶剂的选择以及温度的单因素实验,对合成条件进行了优化。     

由双乙烯酮衍生的1-(2’,5’-二氯-4’-磺酸基苯基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮的合成及在染料工业中的应用

本文介绍了由双乙烯酮与无水乙醇在浓硫酸催化下酯化再精制制得乙酰乙酸乙酯,再和2,5-二氯-4-磺酸基苯肼磺酸钠盐经硫酸酸化成为硫酸盐进行缩合,制得1-(2’,5’-二氯-4’-磺酸基苯基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮。它是一个具有活泼亚甲基的化合物,可作为偶合组分和一些芳胺化合物的重氮盐进行偶合反应,形成带有偶氮基(-N=N-)的化合物。本文详细介绍1-(2’,5’-二氯-4’-磺酸基苯基)-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮可合成的酸性染料、活性染料及偶氮色淀类有机颜料的主要品种,列出了这些品种的化学结构式、CAS登录号、欧共体登记号、合成反应流程的方框示意图以及用途。     

二茂铁基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶化合物的合成及其抗氧化性能

以乙醇为溶剂,在加热条件下采用LaCl3催化2-氨基吡啶、二茂铁甲醛和异氰类化合物之间的Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé三组分反应(GBB-3CR),合成5个二茂铁基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶化合物;通过抑制HO·和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)自由基引发的DNA氧化反应体系对化合物的抗氧化活性进行了检测;采用淬灭2,2?-偶氮-双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐自由基(ABTS+·)和二苯苦味酰肼自由基(DPPH·)体系探索了化合物还原自由基的能力,进而探究了取代基对二茂铁基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶抗化合物抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明,5个目标化合物不仅能有效地抑制自由基引发的DNA氧化反应,也可很好地捕获自由基,是一类潜在的抗氧化剂。其中,在抑制HO·引发的DNA氧化反应体系中,5个化合物相对空白硫代巴比妥酸活性物质(TBARS)吸光度百分数(TBARS百分数)可达65.4%～93.7%;在抑制GS·引发的DNA氧化反应体系中,5个化合物TBARS百分数可达25.6%～62.5%;5个二茂铁基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶化合物均能够捕获ABTS+·和DPPH·;双二茂铁基化合物(N-二茂铁甲基-2-二茂铁-H-咪唑[1, 2-a]吡啶-3-胺,Ⅵ)抑制自由基引发的DNA氧化反应活性和捕获自由基能力优于其他化合物。     

含卤素吡唑啉衍生物的合成及其初步抗肿瘤活性研究

设计并合成了8种含卤素的吡唑啉衍生物,经~1HNMR、~(13)CNMR和高分辨质谱验证并用MTT法测试了其在9种细胞中的抗增殖活性。结果表明,所有化合物对细胞的抗增殖活性均大于阳性对照药DDP,且6种化合物对HeLa和SGC-7901两种细胞的抗增殖活性均明显强于阳性对照药Taxol,而2-氯-1-(5-(4-氯苯基)-3-(4-硝基苯基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑-1-基)乙酮对HepG2细胞的毒性与Taxol细胞的毒性相当。所有化合物对肿瘤细胞和正常细胞均显示选择性抑制活性。此外,吡唑啉环氮原子所连碳链长度为2的系列化合物,其IC50值均小于15μmol/L,而当碳链长度为4时,其IC50值偏大。经初步分析,吡唑啉衍生物的细胞毒性与吡唑啉环氮原子上所连碳链长度有关,碳链越长,活性越差。但B环上的不同卤素取代基对活性没有产生明显影响。     

“一锅煮”反应合成吡唑啉酮衍生物的研究

研究以吡唑啉酮,糠醛,氨气为初始原料通过一步反应合成1-苯基-3-甲基-4-(1-氨基-2-呋喃基)甲基-5-吡唑啉酮的新方法。其结构经1HNMR,13CNMR确证。     

1-(4'-磺酸基苯基)-3-羧基-5-吡唑啉酮的合成及应用

1-(4'-磺酸基苯基)-3-羧基-5-吡唑啉酮是制备活性染料的重要中间体。本文对1-(4'-磺酸基苯基)-3-羧基-5-吡唑啉酮的合成路线及其优缺点进行了评述。指出2-乙酰基丁二酸二甲酯法是一种最有前景的合成方法。对1-(4'-磺酸基苯基)-3-羧基-5-吡唑啉酮应用进行了介绍。     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.