功能梯度材料热传导问题的仿真

针对功能梯度材料的热传导问题,提出了一种新的无网格数值算法。首先,从功能梯度材料的二维稳态热传导方程出发,通过引入变量代换,系统地推导了指数型、二次型和三角函数型功能梯度材料热传导方程的基本解。然后基于基本解构造了无网格方法求解功能梯度材料的稳态热传导方程,进而对功能梯度材料的温度分布情况进行仿真。最后,分别以指数型、二次型及三角函数型功能梯度材料板为例,对其温度分布进行仿真。结果表明无网络算法是正确、有效的,且无需网格划分,有理论简单、易于程序实现等优点。     

基于自然元法和精细积分法的功能梯度材料瞬态热传导问题求解

为促进无网格法分析技术在热传导分析中的应用,提出空间离散采用自然单元法、时间离散采用精细积分法求解功能梯度材料瞬态热传导问题的数值计算方法.在计算过程中,取高斯点的材料参数模拟功能梯度材料特性的变化.温度场采用自然邻接点插值形函数进行离散插值.数值算例验证该数值算法的正确性和有效性.     

生物组织热传导问题的数值仿真

针对生物组织热传导方程解析解无法获得的问题,提出了将Laplace变换与杂交有限元相结合的数值求解算法.首先,利用Lapace变换对生物组织热传导方程进行处理,将时间域内的边值问题转化为Laplace空间内;接着,利用杂交元方法在Laplace空间对此新的边值问题进行求解;然后,通过Stehfest算法进行Laplace反变换,将结果变换会时间域中,从而得到生物组织的温度分布.最后,以皮肤组织的热传导问题为例,利用Matlab编制程序对其温度场分布进行数值仿真,算例结果表明肿瘤病变会改变皮肤组织的温度分布,即肿瘤处的温度较周围组织明显升高.仿真结果表明LT和HFEM相结合算法的正确性和有效性,为非入侵式医疗诊断提供了依据.     

基于时频域交替法的迟滞非线性振动系统的稳态响应分析

连接界面的黏滑、摩擦行为不仅是引起结构刚度和阻尼非线性的主要原因,而且是结构无源阻尼的主要来源.Iwan模型能够较好地复现连接界面的黏滑、摩擦行为.本文采用时频域交替法(Alternating Frequency/Time Domain Method,AFT)研究含Iwan非线性模型的单自由度振子系统的稳态响应.时频域交替法具有频域法求解线性系统响应的高效性和时域法判断非线性力的便捷性特点,采用离散傅里叶变换和傅里叶逆变换,在频域和时域内分别求解系统响应和对应的非线性恢复力,再反复迭代计算系统的稳态响应.将时频域交替法计算结果和中心差分法计算的结果进行对比,并研究激励幅值对系统非线性特征的影响.结果表明,时频域交替法计算的结果与中心差分计算的结果具有较好的一致性,且求解效率较高,计算耗时减少50%;随着激励幅值的增加,系统的能量耗散增加,刚度降低,固有频率降低.     

基于扩展FEAST的大规模特征值求解问题研究

为了求解非线性特征值问题,在线性FEAST特征值算法的基础上,提出一种非线性FEAST扩展算法.通过将复平面分割为不相交的区域集合,计算每个区域的特征对.扩展算法使用与线性FEAST算法相同的一系列运算,通过修改围道积分来支持非线性特征值求解的固定移位集合和固定子空间维数.与线性FEAST算法相似,扩展算法可以通过并行求解额外的线性系统,改进数值围道积分或提升近似特征向量子空间的维数,从而提高非线性FEAST的收敛速度.通过三个计算模型问题验证了非线性FEAST算法的多项式特征值行为.     

热传导方程的无网格Galerkin方法数值模拟研究

为了更好地数值模拟热传导方程,将无网格Galerkin( EFG)方法引入热传导问题的求解中,时间导数采用θ加权方法离散,同时与有限元(FE)方法的数值结果进行了比较,并研究了EFG方法中若干参数的选取对数值结果的影响.计算结果表明:相对于有限元方法,EFG方法能更好地吻合微分方程的解析解,EFG方法在节点布置较稀疏时,也可以获得很高的计算精度;θ≥1/2,EFG方法无条件稳定,且θ=1时数值解精度最高;算例中影响半径取为1.2h≤r＜2.8h,EFG方法可获得较为理想的计算结果.     

功能梯度材料圆板的非线性热振动及屈曲

采用弹性理论建立了功能梯度材料板的静力平衡方程,利用静力平衡方程确定了功能梯度材料板的中性面位置,在此基础上推导出了功能梯度材料板在均匀温度场中的非线性振动及屈曲微分方程组,求得了功能梯度材料圆板的非线性振动及屈曲的近似解,讨论分析了中性面位置、梯度指数、温度等因素对功能梯度材料圆板非线性振动及屈曲的影响.把该方法计算结果与有限元计算结果进行了比较,验证了该方法的计算结果是可靠的.算例分析表明,中性面位置对均匀温度场中功能梯度材料圆板的非线性振动及屈曲有一定影响.     

功能梯度材料椭圆板的非线性热振动及屈曲

采用弹性理论建立了功能梯度材料板的静力平衡方程,利用静力平衡方程确定了功能梯度材料板的中性面位置,在此基础上推导出了功能梯度材料板在均匀温度场中的非线性振动及屈曲微分方程组,求得了功能梯度材料椭圆板的非线性振动及屈曲的近似解,讨论分析了中性面位置、梯度指数、温度等因素对功能梯度材料椭圆板非线性振动及屈曲的影响.把该方法计算结果与有限元计算结果进行了比较,验证了该方法的计算结果是可靠的.算例分析表明,中性面位置对均匀温度场中功能梯度材料椭圆板的非线性振动及屈曲有一定影响.     

二维稳态传热问题的计算机仿真

热量传输现象在工程技术领域中广泛存在，对二维稳态传热情形下温度场分布的研究有重要现实意义。对于复杂几何形状的物体和非线性的边界条件，分析解法显得无能为力；相比之下，建立在有限元基础上的数值计算是有效和准确的。在传热和流体流动问题的数值计算方面，SIMPLE算法被广泛采用。通过VC和Matlab的混合编程用SIMPLE算法实现了对二维稳态传热问题的计算仿真，描述了温度场的分布。     

一种用于分布参数系统移动边界的自适应剖分数值方法

本文提出通过对具有移动边界分布参数系统中的移动边界的一步预报,自适应生成剖分 网格,然后通过系统的焓方程应用有限元方法求解,得到具有移动边界的分布参数系统的数值 解.结果表明,这种方法较好地解决了用有限元方法求解该类系统的数值解时遇到的移动边 界附近数值解精度与网格剖分过细所导致的计算量过大的矛盾.为具有移动边界的分布参数 系统的建模和仿真提供了一种有效的数值计算方法,同时也为研究系统的控制、估计、辨识等 问题的数值方法打下了基础.     

Thermally induced vibrations of beam structures

A general numerical method is developed for determining the dynamic response of beam structures to rapidly applied thermal loads. The method consists of formulating and solving the dynamic problem in the Laplace transform domain with the aid of dynamic stiffness influence coefficients defined for a beam element in that domain and of obtaining the response by a numerical inversion of the transformed solution. Thus, the solution of the associated heat conduction problem, usually obtained by Laplace transform and needed for the computation of the thermal load, can be used in its transformed form. The effects of damping and of axial compressive forces on the structural response are also studied. Three examples are presented in detail to illustrate the proposed method and demonstrate its advantages.     

Sampling Archimedean copulas

The challenge of efficiently sampling exchangeable and nested Archimedean copulas is addressed. Specific focus is put on large dimensions, where methods involving generator derivatives are not applicable. Additionally, new conditions under which Archimedean copulas can be mixed to construct nested Archimedean copulas are presented. Moreover, for some Archimedean families, direct sampling algorithms are given. For other families, sampling algorithms based on numerical inversion of Laplace transforms are suggested. For this purpose, the Fixed Talbot, Gaver Stehfest, Gaver Wynn rho, and Laguerre series algorithm are compared in terms of precision and runtime. Examples are given, including both exchangeable and nested Archimedean copulas.     

Solution of plane transient elastodynamic problems by finite elements and laplace transform

The general transient linear elastodynamic problem under conditions of plane stress or plane strain is numerically solved by a special finite element method combined with numerical Laplace transform. A rectangular finite element with eight degrees of freedom is constructed on the basis of the governing equations of motion in the Laplace transformed domain. Thus the problem is formulated and numerically solved in the transformed domain and the time domain response is obtained by a numerical inversion of the transformed solution. Viscoelastic material behavior is easily taken into account by invoking the correspondence principle. The method appears to have certain advantages over conventional finite element techniques.     

The method of fundamental solutions for Helmholtz-type equations in composite materials

In this paper, we introduce and develop the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) for solving Helmholtz-type elliptic partial differential equations in composite materials. This study builds upon the previous developments and applications of the MFS to linear and nonlinear heat conduction, elasticity, and functionally graded composite layered materials. Numerical results are presented and discussed for four examples involving both the modified Helmholtz and the Helmholtz equations in two-dimensional or three-dimensional, bounded or unbounded, smooth or non-smooth composite domains. It was found that the method produces numerical results which are in good agreement with the analytical solutions, where available.     

Dempster–Shafer evidential theory for the automated selection of parameters for Talbot’s method contours and application to matrix exponentiation

In this paper, the Dempster–Shafer theory of evidential reasoning is applied to the problem of optimal contour parameters selection in Talbot’s method for the numerical inversion of the Laplace transform. The fundamental concept is the discrimination between rules for the parameters that define the shape of the contour based on the features of the function to invert. To demonstrate the approach, it is applied to the computation of the matrix exponential via numerical inversion of the corresponding resolvent matrix. Training for the Dempster–Shafer approach is performed on random matrices. The algorithms presented have been implemented in MATLAB. The approximated exponentials from the algorithm are compared with those from the rational approximation for the matrix exponential returned by the MATLAB expm function.     

A parallel method for the numerical solution of integro-differential equation with positive memory

An efficient parallel numerical method is proposed for an integro-differential equation with positive memory. Instead of solving the equation in classical time-marching methods which require massive storage of solutions of previous time steps in order to advance to a next time step, the Fourier–Laplace transformation in time is applied to obtain a set of complex-valued, elliptic problems parameterized by points on a contour in the complex plane. Using the independence of an elliptic problem corresponding to one contour point is independent of those elliptic problems corresponding to other contour points, all elliptic problems can be solved in parallel essentially without data communications. Then the time domain solution can be obtained by the Fourier–Laplace inversion formula. An error analysis and the numerical implementation of this parallel method is presented.     

Analysis of nonlinear, dynamic coupled thermoviscoelasticity problems by the finite element method

This investigation deals with the numerical solution of a class of nonlinear problem in transient, coupled, thermoviscoelastidty. Equations of motion and heat conduction are derived for finite elements of thermomechanically simple materials and these are adapted to special classes of thermorheologically simple materials. The analysis involves the solution of large systems of nonlinear integrodifferential equations in the nodal displacements and temperatures and their histories. As a representative example, the general equations are applied to the problem of transient response of a thick-walled hollow cylinder subjected to time-varying internal and external pressures, temperatures, and heat fluxes. The integration scheme used to solve the nonlinear equations employs a linear acceleration assumption, representation of nonlinear integral terms by Simpson's rule, and the iterative solution of large systems of nonlinear algebraic equations at each reduced time step by the Newton-Raphson method. Various numerical results are given and are compared with the linearized, isothermal, and quasi-static solutions.     

Monte Carlo solution of Cauchy problem for a nonlinear parabolic equation

In this paper we consider the Monte Carlo solution of the Cauchy problem for a nonlinear parabolic equation. Using the fundamental solution of the heat equation, we obtain a nonlinear integral equation with solution the same as the original partial differential equation. On the basis of this integral representation, we construct a probabilistic representation of the solution to our original Cauchy problem. This representation is based on a branching stochastic process that allows one to directly sample the solution to the full nonlinear problem. Along a trajectory of these branching stochastic processes we build an unbiased estimator for the solution of original Cauchy problem. We then provide results of numerical experiments to validate the numerical method and the underlying stochastic representation.     

Application of the method of fundamental solutions and radial basis functions for inverse transient heat source problem

The paper considers the determination of heat sources in unsteady 2-D heat conduction problem. The determination of the strength of a heat source is achieved by using the boundary condition, initial condition and a known value of temperature in chosen points placed inside the domain. For the solution of the inverse problem of identification of the heat source the θ-method with the method of fundamental solution and radial basis functions is proposed. Due to ill conditioning of the inverse transient heat conduction problem the Tikhonov regularization method based on SVD decomposition was used. In order to determine the optimum value of the regularization parameter the L-curve criterion was used. For testing purposes of the proposed algorithm the 2-D inverse boundary-initial-value problems in square region Ω with the known analytical solutions are considered. The numerical results show that the proposed method is easy to implement and pretty accurate. Moreover the accuracy of the results does not depend on the value of the θ parameter and is greater in the case of the identification of the temperature field than in the case of the identification of the heat sources function.