机器人三维图形仿真的实现

机器人三维图形仿真是机器人离线控制系统开发中的重要一环。与OpenGL程序设计、0pen Inventor程序设计相比较，运用Cortonss SDK能实现较为理想的效果。该文对此作了详细的分析比较，介绍了VRML在机器人建模中的应用，以Puma560机器人手臂为例，实现了机器人三维图形仿真。     

机器人三维图形仿真系统中运动学方程建模方法的改进

机器人运动学方程的建模是三维图形仿真系统中的重要问题。本文提出了一种结合机器人形体。建模来建立机器人运动学方程新方法，并从机器人的图形示教和运动学逆诸方面对这一方法的优越进行了论述。     

机器人仿真与监控系统的研究

本文介绍了一种机器人仿真与监控系统，该系统能实时监视机器人的运动状态，本文对机器人的几何建模和运动学建模进行了研究．详细论述了机器人本体的建模方法．说明了机器人三维实时图形仿真系统的开发技术与开发方法。通过改变机器人的几何模型和运动学描述就能方便的对不同的机器人本体进行仿真与监控而不需要对源代码进行修改，最后，介绍了该系统分别应用于PT500和PT600不同机器人本体的实例。     

基于SolidEdge的工业粘贴机器人三维运动仿真的实现

机器人图形仿真是机器人研究中的一个很重要的内容,它涉及机器人机构学、机器人运动学、机器人零件建模、仿真机器人三维实现和机器人运动控制等方面.     

三维虚拟机器人运动仿真系统设计

通过对三维虚拟机器人运动仿真系统的发展进行介绍和分析, 描述了基于零件拼装的三维虚拟机器人运动仿真的有效方法。针对三维虚拟机器人零件结构特点和拼装功能, 对虚拟机器人零件的图形建模方法、虚拟机器人运动及传感器功能仿真进行了分析设计, 重点分析了运动仿真过程的设计方法。实验结果表明, 系统能够很好地遵循物理特性实现虚拟机器人的运动仿真, 且性能较优。     

面向对象的机器人仿真与监控系统

通过对机器人的几何建模和运动学建模进行了研究,论述了使用VC6．0语言作为开发平台,以OpenGL三维显示技术完成三维可视化,以VRML作为外部机器人模型表示,实现运行时可交互的机器人三维实时图形仿真系统的开发技术与方法。系统通过网络与机器人控制器进行通信,实时接收机器人控制器发来的状态数据,将它们动态地以三维模拟方式显示,用户能够动态地监视机器人的运动状态,在必要时对机器人的动作进行控制,为其它机器人的研究提供通用的仿真与模拟平台。     

开放式机器人控制器中仿真组件的实现

文章将机器人三维图形仿真模块作为开放式机器人控制器中的一个通用组件来进行研究,分析了其建模和设计过程。为了保证组件的通用性,将连杆作为基本单位来设计机器人对象,并根据串联结构机器人的特点设计了通用的三维造型方法,使其可以适用于大多数串联结构的机器人。同时,为了满足机器人规划和避障的要求,在仿真组件中实现了基于距离计算的碰撞检测,并给出了仿真实验的结果。     

基于计算网格的机器人分布式仿真系统

基于计算网格技术,构建了机器人分布式三维图形仿真系统,经对PUMA 560工业机器人进行动力学仿真计算表明,计算网格技术提高了机器人三维图形仿真系统的计算能力．     

一种通用的机器人三维图形仿真的实现

机器人三维图形仿真是离线编程的一个重要内容,本文介绍了一种应用ActiveX编 制的机器人三维图形仿真控件,包括机器人运动学模型的建立方法和三维图形仿真的实现． 这种控件具有很强的通用性,可以与多种编程环境兼容．     

机器人可视化动态仿真中的三维建模

机器人三维空间模型的建立是研究其动力学和运动学性的重要基础。要准确、逼真地进行三维建模必须恰当地选择开发工具,并简化由机器人连杆坐标变换和运动学方程所产生的复杂、大量的矩阵运算。在AutoCAD2005环境下,以VBA为二次开发工具,实行VBA和MATLAB的混合编程,把MATLAB作为后台矩阵计算引擎,可以较好地解决上述问题,成功地实现机器人计算机动态图形仿真系统的三维建模,从而为机器人动态仿真系统的开发奠定良好基础。     

Graphical simulation for sensor based robot programming

The programming of robots is slowly evolving from traditional teach pendant methods to graphical Off-Line Programming (OLP) methods. Graphical simulation tools, such as OLP, are very useful for developing and testing robot programs before they are run on real industrial equipment. OLP systems are also used to develop task level programs. Traditional OLP systems, however, suffer from the limitations of using only position control which does not account for inherent robot inaccuracies and dynamic environments. This paper describes our work on improving and supplementing traditional position control programming methods. A baseline OLP system was implemented at NIST's Automated Manufacturing Research Facility (AMRF). Experience gained in implementing this system showed that an effective OLP system must accurately simulate the real world and must support sensor programming to compensate for real-world changes that cannot be simulated. The developed OLP geometric world model is calibrated using robot mounted ultrasound ranging sensors. This measurement capability produces a baseline geometric model of relatively good static accuracy for off-line programming. The graphical environment must also provide representations of sensor features. For this specific application, force is simulated in order to include force based commands in our robot programs. These sensor based programs are able to run reliably and safely in an unpredictable industrial environment. The last portion of this paper extends OLP and describes the functionality of a complete system for programming complex robot tasks.     

Direct Virtual-hand Interface in Robot Assembly Programming

For a long time, robot assembly programming has been produced in two environments: on-line and off-line. On-line robot programming uses the actual robot for the experiments performing a given task; off-line robot programming develops a robot program in either an autonomous system with a high-level task planner and simulation or a 2D graphical user interface linked to other system components. This paper presents a whole hand interface for more easily performing robotic assembly tasks in the virtual tenvironment. The interface is composed of both static hand shapes (states) and continuous hand motions (modes). Hand shapes are recognized as discrete states that trigger the control signals and commands, and hand motions are mapped to the movements of a selected instance in real-time assembly. Hand postures are also used for specifying the alignment constraints and axis mapping of the hand-part coordinates. The basic virtual-hand functions are constructed through the states and modes developing the robotic assembly program. The assembling motion of the object is guided by the user immersed in the environment to a path such that no collisions will occur. The fine motion in controlling the contact and ending position/orientation is handled automatically by the system using prior knowledge of the parts and assembly reasoning. One assembly programming case using this interface is described in detail in the paper.     

机器人图形化编程与三维仿真环境

介绍一种采用JAVA开发、基于RTLinux平台的适合多机器人多任务的图形化编程与三维仿真环境．采用图标和连线方式快速建立具备流程图特点的控制程序．运行管理内核实现程序图结构的信息流向跟踪,对程序运行采用边解释边执行机制．机器人运动学指令由底层RTLab执行,结果返回上层;由Java3D实现的三维仿真环境可动态显示机器人的运动过程．该环境支持离线编程和在线调试．目前支持日本安川公司研制的Motoman UPJ和SmartPal类人轮式移动服务机器人．     

Robot language from the standpoint of FA system development—An outline of FA-BASIC

A new unified FA (Factory Automation) language has been developed. The language is suited for robot control, vision system control and programmable controller (PC) control and enables a unified means for programming. The language is called FA-BASIC and has common functions such as expression, control structure and input/output statement based on BASIC language.

FA-BASIC is composed of three subsystems: FA-BASIC/R for robot control, FA-BASIC/V for vision system control and FA-BASIC/C for PCs.

Many languages have been developed up to now, but most of them were aimed at single purposes. These single purpose languages were too limited when developing an integrated FA system, because several languages and different program-making methods must be mastered.

Using FA-BASIC, programming with mutual interconnections between robots, PCs and vision devices is done by the one common method.

In this paper, the basic design concept and functions of FA-BASIC will be presented, along with the features of FA-BASIC/R and on outline of a robot control system using a standard mechanism-independent intermediate language and standard fundamental modules. Also, for easy programming, an off-line programming system with graphical aids and a menu-selection method which require no special effort to master will be introduced as the only present-day universal robot programming method.     

Augmented reality-based robot teleoperation system using RGB-D imaging and attitude teaching device

Augmented reality (AR)-based programming using the demonstration method has been widely studied. However, studies on AR-based programming for remote robots are lacking because of the limitation of human–computer interaction. This paper proposes an AR-based robot teleoperation system and method using RGB-D imaging and an attitude teaching device. By sending the color and depth images of the remote robot environment to the local side, the operators can complete the teleoperation of the robot at the local side. First, the operators select key positions on the motion path of the robot endpoint from color images via a mouse, and the computer calculates the 3D coordinates of these key points in the robot base coordinate system to complete the position teaching process. In the robot attitude teaching process, the AR technology is used to superimpose the virtual robot model onto the color images of the robot teleoperation environment, so as to make the virtual robot endpoint to move along the teaching path. An operator can use the portable attitude teaching device designed in this study to control the robot movement parameters, such as the attitude and motion speed, during the movement of the virtual robot. After the position and attitude teaching processes, the robot movement trajectory can be generated. To make the base coordinate system of the virtual model consistent with that of the physical robot, we propose an online AR registration method, which does not require manually placing the AR registration marker. The proposed AR-based robot teleoperation system can quickly and easily complete robot teleoperation at the local side.     

微机机器人仿真系统PCROBSM

微机机器人仿真系统（ＰＣＲＯＢＳＭ）是一个适用于ＩＢＭ－ＰＣ及其兼容机的机器人仿真系统，该系统功能齐全，可以对机器人的运动学，轨迹规划，动力学，控制算法，力传感器和典型任务等进行仿真，它的主要特色在于具有丰富的机器人控制算法和轨迹规划算法，系统具有良好的用户界面，为用户设计，验证自己的轨迹规划和控制算法提供了方便的环境，如系统提供了机器人语言ＳＶＡＬ，三维示教和三维图显功能，同时为了更接近实用，系     

电缆管道巡检机器人远程测控系统的研究与实现

采用图形化编程语言LabVIEW,通过构建多循环应用程序框架,开发了一种用于电缆管道巡检遥操作机器人的新型远程测控系统.该系统能够远程控制机器人在电缆管道内的运动并实时监测机器人沿管内行进时的位置和姿态,能通过机器人获取管内视频信息并进行Canny算子边缘处理以及对管内敷设电缆的温度监测.实际运行结果表明,该测控系统设计新颖、运行可靠、功能实用,对类似遥操作机器人的远程监测与控制系统开发有较好的参考作用.