一种改进人工蜂群的分数阶PID控制器优化算法

针对分数阶PID控制器参数整定过程参数多复杂性大,传统靠经验试凑的方法不易实现且优化效果差的问题,提出了一种改进的人工蜂群算法,实现分数阶PID控制器参数的整定;该算法通过改进人工蜂群算法中搜索方程,并引入一个淘汰机制,对分数阶控制器参数进行群智能搜索,将搜索到的参数送至分数阶PID控制器中反复迭代,以带有权值的误差绝对值积分指标(AIE)作为人工蜂群寻优的目标函数,最后得出控制器;本文以非线性系统为被控对象,经过实例仿真,验证了该算法实现的控制器比传统整数阶控制器和未改进的人工蜂群算法实现的分数阶控制器的动态性能和稳态性能都有所提高,在超调、上升时间、振荡性方面都优于未改进算法。     

混沌乌燕鸥算法优化发动机参数自整定PID控制

针对传统PID参数整定存在的问题,结合混沌乌燕鸥优化算法（Chaos Sooty Tern Optimization Algorithm, CSTOA）良好的搜索性能,提出了一种基于混沌乌燕鸥优化算法的航空发动机参数自整定PID控制方法（CSTOA-PID）。首先通过引入混沌映射的思路,改进了乌燕鸥优化算法（Sooty Tern Optimization Algorithm, STOA）。接着设计了性能指标加权的适应度函数,用来避免发动机供油量极大超调与急剧供油现象。最后对某型涡扇发动机的数学模型进行仿真验证,结果表明：在地面状态下,经CSTOA-PID控制器优化后的PID参数分别为4.31878、14、0.214426。CSTOA-PID控制器的参数整定效果都好于STOA-PID控制器和PID控制器,转速阶跃响应反应迅速,同时供油量出现的超调最小,证明了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

基于分数阶PID控制器的智能车控制

针对智能车高速行驶下对目标轨迹的快速跟踪要求,结合预瞄跟随理论设计了分数阶PID控制器(FOPID).分数阶PID比传统PID控制器多两个参数自由度,所以在设计过程中有更大的灵活性.利用改进Oustaloup数字实现算法,框图化实现分数阶PID控制器,通过遗传算法对IAE性能指标寻优整定FOC参数并应用于智能车被控系统...     

改进的粒子群优化算法优化分数阶PID控制器参数

为了提高分数阶比例积分微分（FOPID）控制器的控制效果,针对FOPID控制器参数整定的范围广、复杂性高等特点,提出改进的粒子群优化（PSO）算法优化FOPID控制器参数的方法。该算法对PSO中惯权重系数的上下限设定范围并随迭代次数以伽玛函数方式非线性下降,同时粒子的惯性权重系数和学习因子根据粒子的适应度值大小动态调整,使粒子保持合理运动惯性和学习能力,提高粒子的自适应能力。仿真实验表明,改进的PSO算法优化FOPID控制器的参数较标准PSO算法具有收敛速度快和收敛精度高等优点,使FOPID控制器得到较优的综合性能。     

基于CAFSA-FNN的扭矩加载系统控制研究*

针对磁粉制动器扭矩加载系统的非线性和滞后性,提出了一种基于混沌人工鱼群-模糊神经网络(CAFSA-FNN)PID控制器。该控制器采用基于Mamdani模型的模糊神经网络来整定PID控制器的控制参数,并结合混沌人工鱼群算法离线粗调和BP算法在线细调来学习和调整模糊神经网络的参数。利用Matlab进行离线仿真优化,在此基础上使用PID控制器、模糊神经网络控制器、人工鱼群-模糊神经网络控制器以及本文设计的控制器进行磁粉制动器扭矩加载实验,实验结果证明了该控制器的稳定性、快速性和有效性,能够解决滞后性问题。     

基于人工鱼群算法的鲁棒PID控制器参数整定方法研究

本文首先分析了采用极小--极大原理设计鲁棒PID控制器的方法,指出这是一类复杂非线性且非单鞍点的优化命题,常规优化算法通常不能有效的求解.随后提出了采用人工鱼群算法进行参数整定的方法.最后对典型问题进行了仿真研究.结果表明,人工鱼群算法具备分布并行的寻优能力,对初值不敏感,能够快速对鲁棒PID的参数进行整定,整定后的PID控制器具有良好的控制效果.     

一种基于内模PID控制的主动队列管理算法

针对传统主动队列管理中PID控制存在的参数不易整定等缺点,通过引入内模控制思想,提出了一种基于内模控制的PID控制器（IMC－PID）,其突出特点是控制器仅有一个参数需要整定。将IMC－PID应用于网络拥塞控制中,得到了一种新的主动队列管理（AQM）算法——IMC－PID算法。仿真实验表明,IMC－PID算法有较强的鲁棒适应性及较快的队长调节速率。     

一种新型人工免疫算法的PID自整定研究*

提出了一种人工免疫诱导算法(AⅡA),用于实现PID参数自适应整定计算.阐述了人工免疫系统的原理,深入剖析了PID参数自适应整定模型,设计了该模型的人工免疫诱导算法.实验表明,该算法具有快速收敛性,能够较快地找到PID参数自适应整定的最优或次最优参数组合,有利于提高PID控制器调节的实时性.同时,将该算法(AⅡA)与GA算法、齐格勒-尼柯尔斯(Z-N)方法、ISTE方法进行了比较.仿真结果表明了该算法的优越性和实用性.     

基于混沌遗传算法的PID参数优化

随着计算机技术的飞跃发展和人工智能技术渗透到自动控制领域,各种先进PID控制器参数整定方法层出不穷,给PID控制器参数整定的研究带来了无限活力和契机;然而很多先进的PID参数整定方法并没有像预期的那样产生完美的控制效果.将遗传算法和混沌优化方法智能集成,利用混沌序列的"遍历性、随机性、规律性"的特点生成初始种群,在遗传操作中加入混沌细搜索,大大提高了局部搜索能力,能有效防止遗传算法陷入局部最优和发生早熟现象,仿真表明,混沌遗传算法优化结果相当理想,效果令人满意,优于常规的遗传算法.     

一种采用改进CPSO算法的PID参数整定方法

为提高控制系统的性能,提出了一种采用改进混沌粒子群(CPSO)算法的PID参数整定方法。该算法将混沌搜索应用到粒子群算法的粒子位置和速度初始化、惯性权重优化、随机常数以及局部最优解邻域点的产生的全过程,使其不仅具有全局寻优能力,而且具有持续与精细的局部搜索能力。3种典型控制系统的PID参数整定实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性,其性能明显优于常规方法。     

Nonlinear CSTR control system design using an artificial bee colony algorithm

This paper proposes a novel controller design method based on using artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithms for an unstable nonlinear continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) chemical system. Such CSTR process is highly nonlinear and its dynamic is significantly dominated by system parameters. It is a good challenge to access the controller design performance when the controller is applied in the CSTR control system. The commonly used proportional–integral-derivative (PID) controller is taken into account in this study, and tuning three PID control gains is carried out by the artificial bee colony algorithm. With the use of the optimal ABC algorithm, PID controller gains can be derived suitably by means of minimizing the cost function given in advance. Finally, several control operations are provided to confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. We also discuss the influence of algorithm initial conditions on the control performance with many different tests.     

Statistically optimized FOPID for output force control of SEAs

Fractional order PID (FOPID) controllers have recently found an increasing application in different fields of control. Comparing to traditional PID algorithms, FOPID controllers provide more flexibility and better performances. The simple and non-model-based structure of FOPID controllers has boosted their usage in real-world applications. However, due to having two more control parameters than regular PID controllers and the non-linear structure of FOPID controllers, the tuning procedure of these controllers is still a challenge. The authors of the present paper have recently proposed a Taguchi-based gain tuning algorithm for tuning of control parameters of FOPID controller. The present paper is an experimental evaluation of the proposed method. A custom made SEA, FUM-LSEA, is used as the test bed in this study. Deriving a dynamic model of the FUM-LSEA, feed-forward terms are added to the controller to compensate for disturbances from motions of the output block. Optimal gains and orders of the controller are obtained through a set of experiments suggested by the Taguchi method. The Taguchi optimized controller is also compared to a Ziegler–Nichols tuned controller. The experimental results indicate 45% improvements in force tracking error.     

Optimum design of fractional order PID controller for AVR system using chaotic ant swarm

Fractional-order PID (FOPID) controller is a generalization of standard PID controller using fractional calculus. Compared to PID controller, the tuning of FOPID is more complex and remains a challenge problem. This paper focuses on the design of FOPID controller using chaotic ant swarm (CAS) optimization method. The tuning of FOPID controller is formulated as a nonlinear optimization problem, in which the objective function is composed of overshoot, steady-state error, raising time and settling time. CAS algorithm, a newly developed evolutionary algorithm inspired by the chaotic behavior of individual ant and the self-organization of ant swarm, is used as the optimizer to search the best parameters of FOPID controller. The designed CAS-FOPID controller is applied to an automatic regulator voltage (AVR) system. Numerous numerical simulations and comparisons with other FOPID/PID controllers show that the CAS-FOPID controller can not only ensure good control performance with respect to reference input but also improve the system robustness with respect to model uncertainties.     

Discrete-time fractional-order PID controller: Definition,tuning, digital realization and some applications

In some of the complicated control problems we have to use the controllers that apply nonlocal operators to the error signal to generate the control. Currently, the most famous controller with nonlocal operators is the fractional-order PID (FOPID). Commonly, after tuning the parameters of FOPID controller, its transfer function is discretized (for realization purposes) using the so-called generating function. This discretization is the origin of some errors and unexpected results in feedback systems. It may even happen that the controller obtained by discretizing a FOPID controller works worse than a directly-tuned discrete-time classical PID controller. Moreover, FOPID controllers cannot directly be applied to the processes modeled by, e.g., the ARMA or ARMAX model. The aim of this paper is to propose a discrete-time version of the FOPID controller and discuss on its properties and applications. Similar to the FOPID controller, the proposed structure applies nonlocal operators (with adjustable memory length) to the error signal. Two methods for tuning the parameters of the proposed controller are developed and it is shown that the proposed controller has the capacity of solving complicated control problems.     

Fractional-order PID controller tuning using continuous state transition algorithm

Theoretical and applied studies of fractional-order PI\(^{\lambda }\)D\(^{\mu }\) (FOPID) controller in many scientific and engineering fields have shown many advantages compared to the classical PID control. However, the adjustment of FOPID controller becomes more complicated due to two additional parameters. In this study, the FOPID controller adjustment problem is transformed into a nonconvex optimization problem, and then a new metaheuristic method, named state transition algorithm (STA), is introduced to select the optimal FOPID controller parameters. In the meanwhile, the influence of objective criterion and sample size on the performance of FOPID controller design is analyzed. The dominance of the proposed method, especially for tuning FOPID controller parameters, is attested by several simulation cases and the comparisons of STA with other stochastic global optimization algorithms over the same problems.

     

Design of a fractional order PID controller for an AVR using particle swarm optimization

Application of fractional order PID (FOPID) controller to an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) is presented and studied in this paper. An FOPID is a PID whose derivative and integral orders are fractional numbers rather than integers. Design stage of such a controller consists of determining five parameters. This paper employs particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to carry out the aforementioned design procedure. PSO is an advanced search procedure that has proved to have very high efficiency. A novel cost function is defined to facilitate the control strategy over both the time-domain and the frequency-domain specifications. Comparisons are made with a PID controller and it is shown that the proposed FOPID controller can highly improve the system robustness with respect to model uncertainties.     

基于改进BBO算法的分数阶PID控制器设计

针对分数阶PID(Fractional-Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative,FOPID)控制器参数整定,提出了一种改进生物地理学优化(Biogeography-Based Optimization,BBO)算法。该算法改进点主要包括:迁移操作中保留精英个体;变异操作中引入差分进化(Dtferential Evolution,ED)算法的变异策略;消除重复样本。仿真结果表明:在分数阶PID控制器参数整定中,与原始的BBO算法、遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)和粒子群算法(Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO)比较,提出的改进BBO算法具有超调量小、误差小,收敛更快的特点。     

Multi‐objective robust fuzzy fractional order proportional–integral–derivative controller design for nonlinear hydraulic turbine governing system using evolutionary computation techniques

The present paper proposes a novel multi‐objective robust fuzzy fractional order proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller design for nonlinear hydraulic turbine governing system (HTGS) by using evolutionary computation techniques. The fuzzy fractional order PID (FOPID) controller takes closed loop error and its fractional derivative as inputs and performs fuzzy logic operations. Then, it produces the output through the fractional order integrator. The predominant advantages of the proposed controller are its capability to handle complex nonlinear processes like HTGS in heuristic manner, due to fuzzy incorporation and extending an additional flexibility in tuning the order of fractional derivative/integral terms to enhance the closed loop performance. The present work formulates the optimal tuning problem of fuzzy FOPID controller for HTGS as a multi‐objective one instead of a traditional single‐objective one towards satisfying the conflicting criteria such as less settling time and minimum damped oscillations simultaneously to ensure the improved dynamic performance of HTGS. The multi‐objective evolutionary computation techniques such as non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm‐II (NSGA‐II) and modified NSGA‐II have been utilized to find the optimal input/output scaling factors of the proposed controller along with the order of fractional derivative/integral terms for HTGS system under no load and load turbulence conditions. The performance of the proposed fuzzy FOPID controller is compared with PID and FOPID controllers. The simulations have been conducted to test the tracking capability and robust performance of HTGS during dynamic set point changes for a wide range of operating conditions and model parameter variations, respectively. The proposed robust fuzzy FOPID controller has ensured better fitness value and better time domain specifications than the PID and FOPID controllers, during optimization towards satisfying the conflicting objectives such as less settling time and minimum damped oscillations simultaneously, due to its special inheritance of fuzzy and FOPID properties.     

基于改进量子粒子群算法的NCS模糊控制器参数优化

针对网络化控制系统中模糊控制器的量化因子和比例因子采用传统经验方法难以整定的问题, 提出了一种改进量子粒子群（IQPSO）算法对模糊控制器量化因子和比例因子进行优化。该方法将ABC算法中的搜索算子作为变异算子引入到QPSO算法中, 使得IQPSO算法较好地克服了QPSO算法保持种群多样性差容易早熟收敛的缺陷, 并以ITAE指标作为IQPSO算法的适应度函数对模糊控制器进行优化。典型工业过程仿真结果表明, IQPSO优化的模糊控制器具有比PID控制器和标准QPSO优化的模糊控制器更好的控制性能和适用性。