脉冲激光沉积法在Si(111)衬底上生长高c轴取向LiNbO3薄膜

在氧压20Pa,衬底温度600℃,靶材与衬底距离4cm的最优化条件下,利用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术首次在无诱导电压和任何缓冲层的情况下,在单晶Si(111)衬底上生长具有优良结晶品质和高c轴取向的LiNbO3晶体薄膜.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对LiNbO3薄膜的结晶品质,择优取向性以及表面形貌进行了系统的分析.结果表明生长出了具有优异晶体质量的c轴取向LiNbO3薄膜,表面光滑平整且无裂纹产生,表面粗糙度约4.8nm,有利于硅基光电子器件的制备和利用.     

氧压对PLD法硅上生长c轴取向LiNbO3晶体薄膜的影响

本文采用脉冲激光沉积 (PLD)法在Si衬底上生长c轴取向LiNbO3 (LN)晶体薄膜 ,研究氧气压强对薄膜质量的影响。结果表明 ,氧压是生长c轴择优取向LN薄膜的一个重要影响参数。X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜分析表明 ,氧压为 30Pa时生长得到了完全c轴取向的LN薄膜 ,LN(0 0 6 )衍射峰的半高宽为 0 2 1°。这是首次报道不施加缓冲层和诱导电场采用PLD技术在硅衬底上生长出了结晶质量良好的完全c轴取向的LN薄膜     

MOD法制备的Bi3.25Nd0.75Ti3O12薄膜的铁电各向异性行为

采用金属有机分解法(MOD)在(111)Pt／Ti／SiO2／Si衬底上制备了含(117)成分的c轴择优取向和α轴择优取向的Bi3.25Nd0.75Ti3O12(BNT)薄膜．实验发现，BNT薄膜的品型结构主要依赖于预退火条件．电学性能测试表明，α轴择优取向的BNT薄膜具有高的剩余极化和矫顽场，较高的介电常数和介电损耗，以及较大的电容调谐率；而c轴择优取向的则相反．BNT薄膜具有同Bi4Ti3O12(BIT)薄膜相似的铁电各向异性行为．     

硅基LiNbO3薄膜的光波导性能研究

利用脉冲激光沉积技术在硅衬底上生长高c轴取向LiNbO3薄膜.研究了衬底温度对薄膜质量的影响,发现衬底温度在600 ℃时获得了具有优异结晶质量的高c轴取向LiNbO3薄膜.采用扫描电镜和透射电镜分别对薄膜的表面、截面进行了分析,结果表明,薄膜表面光滑,晶粒均匀致密,薄膜呈与衬底垂直的柱状结构.棱镜耦合技术制备的LiNbO3薄膜具有优异的光波导性能,光损耗为1.14 dB/cm.     

飞秒脉冲激光沉积Si基α轴择优取向的钛酸铋铁电薄膜及Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性研究

采用飞秒脉冲激光沉积系统,在Si(111)衬底上制备了a轴和c轴择优取向的Bi4Ti3O12薄膜．X射线衍射(XRD)表明:室温(20℃)下沉积的Bi4Ti3O12／Si(111)薄膜呈c轴择优取向,晶粒的平均直径为20nm．在500℃沉积的Bi4Ti3O12／Si(111)薄膜呈a轴择优取向．测量了薄膜的电滞回线和Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性曲线,并用分布参数电路研究了Bi4Ti3O12薄膜的,Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性曲线和铁电性的关联性．a轴择优取向Bi4Ti3O12薄膜的剩余极化强度Pr=15μC／cm2,矫顽力Ec=48kV／cm．     

脉冲激光沉积金刚石基c轴取向LiNbO3压电薄膜

采用等化学计量比的LiNbO3多晶陶瓷为靶材,利用脉冲激光沉积技术在以非晶SiO2为缓冲层的金刚石/Si衬底上制备c轴取向LiNbO3薄膜。研究了靶材与衬底之间的距离对LiNbO3薄膜的结晶质量和c轴取向性的影响,发现在靶材与衬底之间的距离为4.0cm时获得了具有优异结晶质量的完全c轴取向LiNbO3压电薄膜。采用扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜对最佳条件下制备的薄膜进行了分析,结果表明制得的薄膜呈与衬底垂直的柱状结构,且薄膜表面光滑,晶粒均匀致密,表面平均粗糙度约为9.5 nm。     

纳米氧化锌掺铝薄膜的微观结构研究

采用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)法在玻璃衬底上制备了纳米ZnO掺铝薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)对薄膜的微观结构进行了系统的研究。结果表明,所有在玻璃衬底上生长的ZnO薄膜均具有c轴择优取向。掺杂量为2%(原子分数)时,Al在ZnO薄膜中达到最高水平。过量Al掺杂明显减弱薄膜的c轴择优取向。随着Al掺杂量的增加,ZnO晶粒进一步细化。其原因是未进入ZnO晶格的Al以非晶Al2O3的形式在ZnO晶界上形成了对晶界运动的钉扎,从而阻碍了ZnO晶粒进一步长大。     

飞秒脉冲激光沉积Si基a轴择优取向的钛酸铋铁电薄膜及Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性研究

采用飞秒脉冲激光沉积系统,在Si(111)衬底上制备了a轴和c轴择优取向的Bi4Ti3O12薄膜.X射线衍射(XRD)表明室温(20℃)下沉积的Bi4Ti3O12/Si(111)薄膜呈c轴择优取向,晶粒的平均直径为20nm.在500℃沉积的Bi4Ti3O12/Si(111)薄膜呈a轴择优取向.测量了薄膜的电滞回线和Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性曲线,并用分布参数电路研究了Bi4Ti3O12薄膜的Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性曲线和铁电性的关联性.a轴择优取向Bi4Ti3O12薄膜的剩余极化强度Pr=15μC/cm2,矫顽力Ec=48kV/cm.     

脉冲激光沉积法在GaN基片上制备c轴取向LiNbO_3薄膜

采用LiNbO3单晶靶材,以激光脉冲沉积方法在六方GaN(0001)基片上沉积制备c轴取向的LiNbO3薄膜。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了沉积温度和氧气压强对生长的薄膜的相组成、外延关系、表面形貌、晶粒大小的影响。结果显示,沉积温度500℃、氧分压20~30 Pa是在GaN基片上生长c轴取向LiNbO3薄膜的最优生长条件。XRD分析表明,生长的LiNbO3薄膜具有两种晶畴结构,其外延关系分别为[1-100](0001)LiNbO3//[11-20](0001)GaN和[10-10](0001)LiNbO3//[-12-10](0001)GaN。SEM和AFM对薄膜的表面形貌表征表明,在最优生长条件下沉积的薄膜表面平整,致密度好。     

飞秒脉冲激光沉积 Si基α轴择优取向的钛酸铋铁电薄膜及I-V特性研究

采用飞秒脉冲激光沉积系统，在Si（111）衬底上制备了α轴和c轴择优取向的Bi4Ti3O12薄膜．X射线衍射（XRD）表明；室温（20℃）下沉积的Bi4Ti3O12／Si（111）薄膜呈C轴择优取向，晶粒的平均直径为20nm．在500℃沉积的Bi4Ti3O12／Si（111）薄膜呈α轴择优取向．测量了薄膜的电滞回线和，I-V特性曲线，并用分布参数电路研究了Bi4Ti3O12薄膜的，I-V特性曲线和铁电性的关联性．α轴择优取向Bi4Ti3O12薄膜的剩余极化强度Pr=15μC／cm^2，矫顽力Ec=48kV／cm．     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

＂Three Transformations＂ and Standardization

During his inspection in Henan Province in May, Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed to ＂push forward the transformation from China Speed to China Quality, from Made in China to Created in China, and from Chinese Products to Chinese Brand＂. The ＂Three Transformations＂ are the specific requirements and goal of China＇s national development in the context that market should play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

SAC Delegation Visits AENOR and Signs Cooperation Agreements

正SAC Administrator Tian Shihong led the Chinese delegation to visit the Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification(AENOR)on September 15,2014.Mrs.Begona Cristeto,the Vice-Minister of Industry,Energy and Tourism of Spain,and Mr.Avelino Brito,the President and CEO of AENOR greeted the delegation.The two sides had a deep and friendly discussion on strengthening the cooperation between China and Spain in the standardization field and promoting the standardization work to support the development of economy and trade in the two countries.