不饱和超支化聚(酰胺-酯)改性PVC研究

对不饱和超支化聚(酰胺-酯)(HBP)与聚氯乙烯(PVC)共混体系的力学性能和相形态结构进行了研究。研究结果表明,在聚氯乙烯中加入不饱和超支化聚(酰胺-酯)可以有效提高共混体系的拉伸强度,并且在100g PVC中加入3g HBP时共混体系的拉伸强度出现最大值,抗冲强度基本不变。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究结果证明了HBP和PVC相容性较好,且与测得的力学结果相一致。同时,利用氢键形成机理对其结果进行了解释。     

新型超支化聚(酰胺-酯)的制备及表征

以二异丙醇胺和六氢化苯二甲酸酐为原料,合成AB_2型单体(DH)。二异丙醇胺过量,利用DH和过量的二异丙醇胺在共沸带水剂二甲苯中进行缩聚反应,合成新型超支化聚(酰胺-酯);同时利用傅立叶红外光谱和化学滴定法对DH和超支化聚(酰胺-酯)进行表征,并对超支化聚(酰胺-酯)的相对分子量分布、溶解性能进行研究。实验结果表明:合成的超支化聚(酰胺-酯)具有较高的分子量,M_n高达42769g/mol,多分散性指数在1．28～1．60之间,呈现很窄的分子量分布;合成的超支化聚(酰胺-酯)具有良好的溶解性能,能溶于醇类、酮类、四氢呋喃等极性溶剂;相对线形高分子,合成的超支化聚(酰胺-酯)具有较低的黏度,体系中含40%的超支化聚(酰胺-酯)仍能全部溶解,且黏度仅为6．61mPa·s。     

超支化聚(胺-酯)接枝改性纳米二氧化硅增韧增强PVC的研究

用偶联削KH-550和超支化聚（胺-酯）对纳米SiO2进行改性,并通过熔融共混法制得了PVC／SiO2复合材料。利用透射电镜、扫描电镜、力学性能测试等方法研究了复合材料的结构和性能。结果表明,通过超支化聚（胺-酯）的接枝改性可以明显提高纳米SiO2在PVC基体中的分散均匀性;超支化聚（胺-酯）接枝改性纳米SiO2的加入可有效提高PVC的力学性能,且添加量为1％时,效果最好,同时PVC的加工性能也有所改善。     

反应性核壳超支化嵌段共聚醚增韧环氧树脂

近年来，基于超支化聚合物（尤其是聚酯）的新型抗冲改性剂已有相关报道。由羟基、羰基以及环氧封端的超支化聚酯可以制备低黏度的共混物。加入少量这些聚酯就足以极大地提高共混物的韧性而不降低其强度以及玻璃化温度。超支化聚合物（HBP）的重要特征是其支化重复单元的极高支化度，以及聚合物核壳结构表面带有的大量功能性端基。由于高度支化的结构阻止了链缠结的发生，超支化聚合物通常在熔融态或溶液中显示出较低的黏度。超支化聚合物的性能主要受数目众多的端基影响，因此进行端基改性可以得到不同用途的超支化聚合物。     

环氧树脂/超支化聚酯/纳米SiO2复合材料的制备及性能

采用超支化聚酯与聚硅酸溶胶共混改性环氧树脂,制备了环氧树脂/超支化聚酯/纳米SiO2三元共混体系纳米复合材料。研究了超支化聚酯/聚硅酸溶胶增韧改性环氧树脂固化体系的力学性能及热性能,通过X射线衍射(WAXD)、差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)及扫描电镜(SEM)等测试手段对材料的微观相态结构与性能进行了表征。结果表明,超支化聚酯/聚硅酸的加入使纳米复合材料的力学性能和热性能得到明显提高。当纳米SiO2的含量为1%(质量分数,下同)时冲击强度比纯环氧树脂提高了10.48kJ/m2,材料的起始热分解温度也提高了27℃。     

两亲性超支化聚(酰胺-酯)对染料相转移行为的研究

利用苯甲酰氯对超支化聚(酰胺-酯)端羟基修饰,合成了一种新型的以超支化聚(酰胺-酯)为亲水核,苯环为疏水壳的两亲性超支化聚(酰胺-酯)。此两亲性超支化聚合物在0.125～0.5g/L的浓度范围内能够以单分子胶束形式将甲基橙(MO)从水相转移到二氯甲烷相,转移是个动态平衡过程,呈现前快后慢的趋势,22h后转移量达到95%,转移后的甲基橙也可以被可逆释放到二氯甲烷相。此外,对甲基橙和甲基蓝(MB)的双染料转移,表明少量甲基蓝分子的存在可以使甲基橙的转移量大大增加,起到了协同转移作用。     

超支化聚(胺)酯基二茂铁/E-51环氧树脂复合材料的制备及性能

为制备结构/吸波一体化的复合材料,将超支化聚(胺)酯基二茂铁(HAPE-Fc)作为吸波剂通过物理共混与经超支化环氧(EHBP)改性的E-51环氧树脂基体复合,研究复合材料的密度、热稳定性和力学性能。结果表明,复合材料的密度较小,介于1.15 g/cm3~1.23 g/cm3之间;热稳定性较好,起始热分解温度均高于250℃,最大热分解温度均高于290℃;力学性能最好的为第二代超支化聚(胺)酯基二茂铁(G2-HAPE-Fc)添加量为5%的复合材料,拉伸强度为59.05MPa,断裂伸长率为5.77%,冲击强度为12.89kJ/m2。     

超支化聚酯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯复合材料的结构与性能

以分别具有端羟基、端十六烷基和端苯基的超支化聚酯(HBP)对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)进行共混改性,研究了HBP的端基类型和用量对HBP/PET复合材料拉伸强度、冲击强度、结晶性能及动态黏弹性的影响。结果表明: 当端苯基超支化聚酯(HBP-Bz)、端十六烷基超支化聚酯(HBP-C16)和端羟基超支化聚酯(HBP-OH)的质量分数分别为0.1%、0.4%和0.2%时,HBP/PET复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度均达到最大值;3种超支化聚酯在其质量分数为0.1%~0.4%的范围内,复合材料的结晶度都得到了提高,与HBP-C16和HBP-OH相比,HBP-Bz的加入明显加快了PET的结晶速率;低用量(0.1wt%~0.4wt%)的HBP在PET共混改性中起到了增黏的效果,HBP/PET复合材料熔体表现出假塑性流体的流变行为,HBP的加入在一定程度上增加了PET大分子的链缠结和物理交联点,从而使HBP/PET复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度以及熔体黏度均得到提高。     

新型芳香型超支化聚氨酯的合成及表征

以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇(PBA)和二乙醇胺(DEOA)为原料合成了一种新型芳香型超支化聚氨酯。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振(13C-NMR)对超支化聚氨酯的结构进行了表征,用凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对其分子量进行了测定,并利用热失重分析(TGA)和拉伸剪切强度测试等手段对其热性能和粘接性能进行了测试。     

超支化聚(胺-酯)为模板Ag纳米粒子的制备

以超支化聚(胺-酯)为模板,采用NaBH4直接还原和紫外灯光照射合成了Ag纳米粒子。超支化聚(胺-酯)对Ag纳米粒子形成起着重要的作用。TEM分析表明,Ag纳米粒子形貌为球形结构,分布均匀,粒径约为45 nm(NaBH4还原)和20 nm(紫外灯光照射)。发现在UV-Vis谱图中420 nm左右有Ag纳米粒子特征表面等离子共振吸收峰。FT-IR分析发现Ag纳米粒子和超支化聚(胺-酯)之间有较强的相互作用,超支化聚(胺-酯)对Ag纳米粒子的稳定性起保护作用。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

＂Three Transformations＂ and Standardization

During his inspection in Henan Province in May, Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed to ＂push forward the transformation from China Speed to China Quality, from Made in China to Created in China, and from Chinese Products to Chinese Brand＂. The ＂Three Transformations＂ are the specific requirements and goal of China＇s national development in the context that market should play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

SAC Delegation Visits AENOR and Signs Cooperation Agreements

正SAC Administrator Tian Shihong led the Chinese delegation to visit the Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification(AENOR)on September 15,2014.Mrs.Begona Cristeto,the Vice-Minister of Industry,Energy and Tourism of Spain,and Mr.Avelino Brito,the President and CEO of AENOR greeted the delegation.The two sides had a deep and friendly discussion on strengthening the cooperation between China and Spain in the standardization field and promoting the standardization work to support the development of economy and trade in the two countries.