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干法、半干法和湿法磨粉工艺制备的糙米米线品质研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用干法、半干法和湿法3种方式将糙米磨粉制备糙米米线,干法粉碎强度10~40 Hz,半干法调节含水量为20%~35%及湿法料液比为1∶1、1∶2、1∶3、1∶4,研究了3种磨粉方式对糙米米线蒸煮品质和质构性质的影响,并分析了糙米磨粉颗粒细度及损伤淀粉含量与糙米米线蒸煮品质的相关性。结果表明,磨粉方式及磨粉工艺条件显著影响糙米米线的蒸煮、质构和感官品质,糙米磨粉颗粒细度与糙米米线最佳蒸煮时间显著正相关,与糙米米线断条率显著负相关。糙米磨粉损伤淀粉含量与糙米米线最佳蒸煮时间、硬度显著负相关,损伤淀粉含量与糙米米线断条率显著正相关。干法粉碎强度10、半干法水分调节含量20%、30%和35%、湿法粉碎料液比1∶3~1∶4时,糙米米线的品质较好。 相似文献
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小麦淀粉的理化特性及其与面制品品质的关系 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
综述了小麦淀粉的主要特征,糊化、粘度和凝沉性等理化特性;研究了小麦淀粉中直链淀粉含量、破损淀粉含量、膨胀特性和糊化、粘度特性等与面制品蒸煮品质、烘焙品质的关系及其影响机理,结果表明:在小麦淀粉品质性状中,粘度参数和膨胀势等对面制品品质有较大影响,直链淀粉含量对面条品质有负作用,糊化温度影响面制品的制作工艺过程,破损淀粉含量对面制品品质也有一定影响。 相似文献
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研究干法、半干法及湿法3种磨粉方式对糙米粉损伤淀粉含量、平均粒径、微观结构、水合特性、热焓特性和流变性质等的影响。结果表明,干法磨粉糙米粉损伤淀粉含量、吸水指数、水溶性和膨胀势显著高于湿法和半干法。但干法磨粉糙米粉平均粒径、凝胶最大弹性模量和最大黏性模量显著小于湿法和半干法。干法和半干法糙米粉糊化焓值低于湿法。干法磨粉糙米粉形成了许多不规则的颗粒碎片,而半干法和湿法的糙米粉淀粉颗粒较完整。磨粉方式和条件显著影响糙米粉的性质,应根据糙米制品品质的要求选择合适的磨粉方式和磨粉条件。 相似文献
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选用超微、石磨、钢磨、湿磨4种磨粉方式对苦荞籽粒进行磨粉,分析比较苦荞粉破损淀粉含量、粒径分布、微观结构、水合特性、冻融稳定性、黏度特性等粉质特性并采用酶解法模拟体外淀粉消化测定不同时间点的总淀粉水解率。研究结果显示:磨粉方式对苦荞粉粉质特性及体外消化特性影响差异显著,其中超微粉碎能显著减小苦荞粉粒径大小(D[4,3]=32.09μm),提高其亮度值(L=88.92)以及淀粉对酶的敏感度;湿磨粉淀粉颗粒形态完整,破损淀粉质量分数最低,为4.25%,冻融稳定性好,回生值低(3 732 cP),不易老化;石磨粉粉糊衰减值低,粉糊热稳定性好,淀粉水解缓慢;刚磨粉对各项指标的影响均不突出。不同磨粉方式对苦荞粉的影响不一,超微粉是一种理想的苦荞深加工食品原料,湿磨粉则适合冷冻食品加工,石磨粉更适合慢消化食品加工,而刚磨粉适合与普通食品用粉。 相似文献
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Genyi Zhang 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》2017,57(18):3807-3817
Purported health benefits of whole grain foods in lowering risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer are supported by epidemiological studies and scientific researches. Bioactive components including dietary fibers, phytochemicals, and various micronutrients present in the bran and germ are commonly considered as the basis for such benefits. Endosperm starch, as the major constituent of whole grains providing glucose to the body, has been less investigated regarding its nutritional property and contribution to the value of whole grain foods. Nutritional quality of starch is associated with its rate of digestion and glucose absorption. In whole grain foods, starch digestion and glucose delivery may vary depending on the form in which the food is delivered, some with starch being rapidly and others slowly digested. Furthermore, there are other inherent factors in whole grain products, such as phenolic compounds and dietary fibers, that may moderate glycemic profiles. A good understanding of the nutritional properties of whole grain starch is important to the development of food processing technologies to maximize their health benefits. 相似文献
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Gabriela N. Barrera Gabriela T. Pérez Pablo D. Ribotta Alberto E. León 《European Food Research and Technology》2007,225(1):1-7
In this study two wheat and one triticale cultivars were milled in a disc mill to obtain different levels of damaged starch.
The effects of the damaged starch content on physicochemical flour tests and cookie and bread-making quality were analyzed.
The grain milling conditions in disc mill and grain hardness influenced the amount of damaged starch. The solvent absorption
of flours, as measured by Solvent Retention Capacity Profile (SRC) and Alkaline Water Retention Capacity (AWRC), was significantly
incremented by the damaged starch content. There was a consistent loss in cookie quality as the damaged starch content increased.
In spite of the fact that the proteins were not affected by flour milling, bread quality decreased as the damaged starch content
increased. 相似文献
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小麦是我国重要的口粮作物,面条、面包优质兼用小麦更适合我国的具体国情,淀粉理化特性改良是当前选育优质兼用小麦品种的关键。本文综述了选育优质兼用小麦的重要性、可行性以及淀粉理化特性对面条、面包品质的影响及其调控,以期为小麦品质遗传改良提供参考。兼用优质小麦蛋白和面团特性接近优质面包小麦,淀粉理化特性明显优于优质面包小麦,与优质面条小麦相近,具体表现为直链淀粉含量较低,支链淀粉短链比例较高,中链比例较低,小淀粉粒比例较高,中型淀粉粒比例较低,淀粉糊化和膨胀特性好。淀粉理化特性主要源于品种差异,受一系列淀粉合成酶的调控,并受环境因素的巨大影响,因此应进一步加强遗传育种和栽培研究。 相似文献
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抗性淀粉是一种低热量的功能性食品成分,具有促进肠道健康、降低餐后血糖等保健作用,但常因在摄入食品中含量过低而难以发挥功效。为了促进抗性淀粉在食品工业中的实际应用,已有研究者尝试利用物理、化学、酶处理等加工方法提高淀粉及淀粉基食品中的抗性淀粉含量,其中物理方法最为常见,其提高效果显著、安全性高,还可以改善抗性淀粉的物理性质,有利于拓展抗性淀粉在食品工业中的应用。因此,本文综述了不同物理加工方法对淀粉及淀粉基食品中抗性淀粉含量的影响规律,并对比分析这些加工方法对该含量的提高效果,以期为提高食品中抗性淀粉含量提供高效的方法选择参考。 相似文献
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