木瓜蛋白酶的制备与木瓜蜜饯的加工

木瓜,又叫番木瓜,其果实除作水果食用外,还可用来加工蜜饯、果酱;未成熟的绿果乳汁可提取蛋白酶;果皮可以加工成果胶或饲料等。现介绍木瓜蛋白酶和木瓜蜜饯的加工方法。木瓜蛋白酶木瓜蛋白酶是从木瓜果分泌出的白色汁液中提取的一种生化制剂,在工业上有广泛用途。酿酒业用作啤酒、葡萄酒,果酒的澄清剂;在皮革制造业上,可代替传统的石灰氧解     

木瓜蛋白酶的分离方法及其应用进展

对亲和层析法、超滤膜分离法、沉淀分离法、溶剂萃取法、双水相萃取法等分离提取木瓜蛋白酶的方法进行了评述;综述了木瓜蛋白酶在食品、化工、纺织、医药等行业的应用进展。木瓜蛋白酶的产率、活性及应用性与其分离方法相关,指出今后需深入进行木瓜蛋白酶的亲和双水相萃取等新型分离方法的研究。     

木瓜蛋白酶在啤酒工业的应用

木瓜蛋白酶是从木瓜果中提取的蛋白质酶制剂，其主要成分有：木瓜蛋白酶、木瓜凝乳蛋白酶和木瓜肽酶等。外观呈淡浅黄色粉末状，有明显的吸湿性，溶于水。木瓜蛋白酶属天然食品添加剂，无毒，无副作用，在使用中十分完全，早已得到国际食品添加剂和中国食品添加剂管理部门...     

超高压技术在水产品加工中的应用

超高压加工技术可用于食品杀菌、灭酶、保持自然风味与质构改善等,是目前国际上最热门的食品加工技术之一。本文介绍了超高压加工的基本原理,综述了超高压在杀灭水产品中微生物,提高贮藏性能,改善水产品品质,提取色素等水产品加工中的应用。     

国外食品天然色素的研究进展

介绍了欧美等发达国家常用的食品天色色素的种类，加工提取方法以及适用食品的种类，并且对上前还未获准在食品中应用的天然色素也进行了介绍。     

酶制剂在食品加工中的应用

酶制剂作为一种生物催化剂,具有高度的专一性和极高的催化效率。世界酶制剂工业从19世纪末诞生,现已被广泛应用于工业、农业和医疗实践中。应用于食品加工中的酶制剂是指从生物体中提取,用于加速食品加工过程和提高食品产品质量的制剂。在我国已批准使用于食品工业的酶制剂有α-淀粉酶、糖化酶、固定化葡萄糖异构酶、木瓜蛋白酶、果胶酶、β-葡聚糖酶、葡萄氧化酶、α-乙酰乳酸脱羧酶等,主要被应用于果蔬加工、酿造、焙烤、肉禽加工等方面。一、酶制剂应用于果蔬加工将酶制剂应用于果蔬加工,主要有以下3个方面的作用。(一)提高果浆出汁率在…     

骨素的开发利用现状与发展趋势

综述了骨素的来源、特性,骨素的提取方法,影响骨素提取的主要因素等,介绍了骨素在食品加工中的应用现状,并展望了骨素产品的开发应用前景。     

果皮中抗氧化物质的提取及其在食品中的应用

许多果皮中含有抗氧化物质,可以作为天然抗氧化剂应用于食品加工中。本文分类介绍常见果皮中的黄酮、多酚、多糖、VC 等抗氧化物质的提取、抗氧化性能及其在食品中的应用。     

茶多酚的应用及提取方法

茶多酚是一种天然的抗氧化剂,在食品加工、医药、日用化工等领域具有重要的应用.主要介绍了茶多酚的组成、性质及应用并对它主要的提取方法作了简要介绍.     

新型肉类食品加工用改良剂

在肉类食品加工中，以往常常用木瓜蛋白酶作为软化剂，但使用这种蛋白酶作软化剂时，为了不影响肉类食品的食感和获得适度的软化效果，需要严格地控制反应时间和反应温度。最近，日本研究人员发现，琥珀酸单脂肪酸酯（简称琥珀酸MG）及琥珀酸硬脂酸单脂肪酸酯（简称琥珀酸SGMS）具有显著的软化肉类的效果，同时不影响肉类食品的风味和口感。本文将介绍琥珀酸MG、琥珀酸SGMS在肉类食品加工中的作用及应用。1．肉的加热变化和琥珀酸MG、SGMS的作用通过加热将肉加工成食品时，其颜色、口感、气味、组织结构都要发生很大变化。肉的组织…     

食品的微波加工研究新进展

近年来,微波技术因其加热速度快、效率高等优势,在食品加工中得到了广泛的应用。本文从微波技术的原理着手,对微波技术在食品加热或烹饪、干燥、杀菌以及有效成分提取等方面的最新应用进展加以阐述,并探讨微波对食品颜色、质地、营养成分、生物化学成分、复水性、微观结构等食品品质的影响,以期为微波技术在食品领域的进一步开发及规模化应用提供参考,进而促进食品行业的发展。     

Wavelet Analysis of Signals in Agriculture and Food Quality Inspection

Food quality and safety have become the top priorities for agriculture and food processing industry due to the increasing consumer demand for high-quality healthy food. The food processing industry is currently focusing on using fast, precise, and nondestructive automated quality inspection techniques. Near-infrared spectroscopy, image processing, hyperspectral imaging, X-rays, and ultrasonic techniques have been researched and shown to have high potential for automated inspection. The biggest challenge in the automated inspection systems deals with signal pre-processing, denoising, feature extraction, and its re-synthesis for classification purposes. Several research studies have established that the technique of wavelet analysis can very well resolve these issues of signal processing in many systems used for quality inspection of agricultural and food products. The objective of this paper is to discuss the theory of wavelet analysis and review its application in signal processing and feature extraction for quality monitoring of agricultural and food products.     

Effects of protein hydrolysis on pasting properties of wheat flour

Protein hydrolysis is used widely in the food industry for the purpose of improvement of food or industrial quality, and the processing exists concurrently or subsequently with starch pasting. The effects of protein hydrolysis using papain, pepsin, trypsin, and dithiothreitol (DTT) on flour pasting properties were here investigated at five set concentrations. There were notable decreases in the peak, the trough viscosity, and the integral area of the viscosity curve as the concentrations of papain, trypsin, and DTT increased. DDT and pepsin concentration did not have any effect on final viscosity. Both breakdown and setback showed significant downtrends as the concentration of papain increased but no change as DDT concentration varied. Low concentrations of papain and pepsin prolonged peak time slightly, but higher concentrations shortened it significantly. For trypsin and DTT, low concentrations increased peak time notably, but high concentrations decreased it significantly. Pasting time and temperature increased in the presence of papain, pepsin, and trypsin, more so at higher concentrations. These results supply a basis for the utilization of hydrolyzed protein in the food industry and for the further studies on the interactions between protein and starch during processing.     

微波辅助萃取技术在食品工业中的研究进展

微波辅助萃取作为一种新的分析分离技术，具有许多突出的优势。该文综述了微波辅助萃取技术在食品工业中的应用，包括有效成分的提取、食品添加剂、食品加工及食品分析，讨论了该技术在食品工业中应用前景，以期加速其在食品工业中的应用。     

响应面优化黄精渣不溶性膳食纤维酶法提取工艺及其结构表征

以黄精渣为原料,采用响应面优化酶法提取黄精渣不溶性膳食纤维（HIDF）。通过单因素实验研究料液比、木瓜蛋白酶浓度、木瓜蛋白酶酶解时间、α-淀粉酶浓度、α-淀粉酶酶解时间五种因素对HIDF得率的影响,并采用响应面（Box-Behnken）优化提取工艺参数;最后进行扫描电镜（SEM）、红外光谱分析（FTIR）和X射线衍射（XRD）观察以及功能性质测定。结果表明,最佳提取工艺为:料液比1:20 g/mL,木瓜蛋白酶浓度0.13%,木瓜蛋白酶酶解时间1.9 h,α-淀粉酶浓度0.29%,α-淀粉酶酶解时间2 h,HIDF得率为52.18%;HIDF的持水力、持油力和膨胀力分别为5.99±0.05 g/g、3.97±0.04 g/g和4.57±0.05 mL/g。综上,提取后的黄精膳食纤维具有较好的结构及物理性质,适合加工成功能性食品,可为提高黄精渣的利用率及进一步挖掘营养价值提供参考。     

酸枣仁蛋白的不同蛋白酶酶解产物功能特性及抗氧化活性分析

以酸枣仁为原料,采用碱提酸沉法对酸枣仁蛋白进行提取,用三种不同蛋白酶（碱性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶）对酸枣仁蛋白进行酶解,得到三种酶解物,研究不同酸枣仁蛋白酶解物的功能特性和抗氧化活性。结果表明,与酸枣仁蛋白相比,不同酸枣仁蛋白酶解物的溶解性、持油性、起泡性及其稳定性、乳化性及其稳定性均具有不同程度地提高,其中,木瓜蛋白酶解物的溶解性、持油性、起泡性和乳化性最强,碱性蛋白酶解物的起泡稳定性和乳化稳定性最强;体外抗氧化研究表明,相比于酸枣仁蛋白,不同蛋白酶所得酶解产物的抗氧化活性均明显提高,其中,碱性蛋白酶酶解物的DPPH清除能力、羟基自由基清除能力、超氧阴离子清除率和ABTS自由基清除能力均高于其他酶解产物,当质量浓度为2.5 mg/mL时,DPPH自由基清除率最高为95.87％、超氧阴离子自由基率为44.77％、ABTS自由基清除率为90.84％、羟基自由基清除率为47.77％。本研究表明,酸枣仁蛋白酶解物具有较好的食品加工性能,其抗氧化活性明显增高,可以作为一种潜在的蛋白质资源应用到食品中,为酸枣仁蛋白酶解物在食品行业中的应用提供理论依据。     

Effects of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Protein on the Pasting Properties of Different Types of Wheat Flour

Abstract: As one of the most effective methods to modify proteins, enzymatic hydrolysis is used widely in the preparation of wheat products in the food industry. During the same process, starch pasting occurs frequently. The effects of wheat protein hydrolysis with papain, pepsin, and trypsin on the pasting properties of 3 different kinds of flour were investigated in 5 concentrations. Results showed that the peak viscosity, trough, final, and integral area of pasting curve of these flours decreased with increasing enzymatic hydrolysis of protein, and decreased significantly with the increasing enzyme concentrations. Medium‐gluten flour was the least sensitive to enzymatic activity and weak‐gluten the most sensitive. Downtrends appeared with increasing papain and trypsin concentrations in the form of breakdown. Enzymes had no significant different effect on the peak times of strong‐ and medium‐gluten flour, but prolonged peak time slightly in weak‐gluten flour. The pasting time and temperature of strong‐ and medium‐gluten flour were significantly increased in a concentration‐dependent manner. However, there were no significant effects on the pasting times of weak‐gluten flour. These results could supply a basis for utilization of enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat protein in food industry and for further studies into the interactions between hydrolyzed protein and starch in food or processing industries. Practical Application: Illuminating the effects of enzymatic hydrolysis of protein on the pasting properties of different types of wheat flour is very important in food industry. Flour viscosity decreases after enzymatic hydrolysis of protein/gluten. Enzymes have different effects on peak time, pasting time, and pasting temperatures for different types of flour. These results could supply a basis for utilization of enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat protein in food industry and for further studies into the interactions between hydrolyzed protein and starch in food or processing industries.     

大豆精深加工关键技术创新与应用

大豆是我国重要的经济作物之一,大豆加工业是关系国计民生的重要产业。大豆食品以其全面、独特的营养及保健功能特性深受消费者的青睐,同时大豆精深加工也得到了快速的发展。本文分析了在功能性大豆蛋白、醇法大豆浓缩蛋白、大豆功能肽、大豆油脂酶法精炼与改性、大豆生理活性物质高效提取等方面取得的技术创新及产品,阐述了目前大豆加工领域已解决的科学技术问题和取得的科学成就。     

Enhancing Food Processing by Pulsed and High Voltage Electric Fields: Principles and Applications

ABSTRACT

Improvements in living standards result in a growing demand for food with high quality attributes including freshness, nutrition and safety. However, current industrial processing methods rely on traditional thermal and chemical methods, such as sterilization and solvent extraction, which could induce negative effects on food quality and safety. The electric fields (EFs) involving pulsed electric fields (PEFs) and high voltage electric fields (HVEFs) have been studied and developed for assisting and enhancing various food processes. In this review, the principles and applications of pulsed and high voltage electric fields are described in details for a range of food processes, including microbial inactivation, component extraction, and winemaking, thawing and drying, freezing and enzymatic inactivation. Moreover, the advantages and limitations of electric field related technologies are discussed to foresee future developments in the food industry.

This review demonstrates that electric field technology has a great potential to enhance food processing by supplementing or replacing the conventional methods employed in different food manufacturing processes. Successful industrial applications of electric field treatments have been achieved in some areas such as microbial inactivation and extraction. However, investigations of HVEFs are still in an early stage and translating the technology into industrial applications need further research efforts.