肉鸡屠宰场多重耐药沙门氏菌Ⅰ类整合子与磺胺类耐药基因（sul1、sul2和sul3）的检测

目的：了解肉鸡屠宰场多重耐药沙门氏菌Ⅰ类整合子及磺胺类耐药基因携带情况。方法：采用纸片扩散法对肉鸡屠宰场84 株沙门氏菌分离株进行10 种抗生素敏感性实验;应用聚合酶链式反应（polymerase chain reaction,PCR）方法检测多重耐药沙门氏菌sul1、sul2、sul3和int1基因。结果：84 株沙门氏菌对氨苄西林和萘啶酸耐药率高达100%,对环丙沙星、四环素、甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑、大观霉素、氟苯尼考、庆大霉素耐药率分别为39.29%、35.71%、35.71%、35.71%、22.62%、14.29%。38 株沙门氏菌对3 种及以上抗生素耐药,属于多重耐药菌株。38 株多重耐药菌株中,有20 株携带Ⅰ类整合子。30 株对甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑耐药的菌株中,均能检测到sul1或sul2或sul3基因,与表型耐药100%符合,其检出率分别为40%、100%、63.3%。结论：肉鸡屠宰场中沙门氏菌耐药现象已不容乐观,沙门氏菌多重耐药性与Ⅰ类整合子的携带之间关系密切,且Ⅰ类整合子在磺胺类耐药菌株的产生中起到重要作用。     

生鲜食品中沙门氏菌多重耐药性检测与复合型Ⅰ类整合子的分析

该研究采用纸片扩散法对生鲜食品源沙门氏菌分离株进行耐药表型检测,玻片凝集法测定血清型,MLST方法分析其序列型。用PCR检测结合序列比对,对多重耐药沙门氏菌携带的Ⅰ类整合子及其基因盒、ISCR1及其基因盒进行分析。共筛选出32株多重耐药菌株,多重耐药率为48.48%。多重耐药株中分为11种血清型,优势血清型为S. Thompson(21.88%)和S. Agona(18.75%),MLST的序列分型将多重耐药株分为15种ST型,优势序列型为ST26(21.88%)和ST13(12.50%)。多重耐药菌株中,Ⅰ类整合子的检出率为43.75%(14/32),其中有5株扩出耐药基因盒,检出率为35.71%(5/14);11株检出ISCR1序列,检出率为34.38%(11/32),其中4株扩增出耐药基因盒,检出率为36.36%(4/11);同时含有这两种遗传元件(Ⅰ型复合整合子)的菌株共检测出9株,检出率为28.13%(9/32),检出的基因盒大多包含1~2种耐药基因,与耐药表型具有较好的相关性。通过blast比对,发现28号菌株中的Ⅰ型复合整合子耐药基因盒与沙门氏菌Nsa217质粒和肺炎克雷伯菌的KP15-2-53质粒具有同源性。生鲜制品中沙门氏菌耐药性相对严重,且沙门氏菌多重耐药性与携带的Ⅰ型复合整合子之间具有相关性。     

不同来源沙门氏菌耐药性及相关性研究

目的分析不同来源沙门氏菌的药物敏感性以及耐药基因的携带情况,为沙门氏菌的临床用药以及疾病的防治提供科学依据。方法对261株来源于人和动物的沙门氏菌进行血清分型,对15种抗生素:氨苄西林、阿莫西林、头孢噻肟、头孢西丁、头孢吡肟、头孢哌酮、头孢曲松、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、阿米卡星、萘啶酸、环丙沙星、磺胺甲恶唑、氯霉素和四环素进行药敏试验,同时测定blaTEM、blaOXA、blaCTX-M、sul1、aac C4、aac(6’)-Ib、flo R、tet(A)和tet(G)9种耐药基因的携带情况,并采用卡方及相关性统计学方法分析数据。结果 261株沙门氏菌分为21种血清型,其中肠炎沙门氏菌、印第安纳沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和德尔卑沙门氏菌为主要血清型。沙门氏菌对萘啶酸、氨苄西林、四环素耐药率较高,分别为70.9%、55.9%和53.3%,而耐3种及以上抗生素的菌株占63.2%。人源与动物源沙门氏菌耐药情况的Pearson相关性系数为0.973。9种耐药基因中,blaTEM检出率最高为51.3%,其次为tet(A)、blaCTX-M和sul1,分别为33.3%、29.1%与27.2%。结论沙门氏菌耐药情况严重,耐药谱复杂以及耐药基因携带率较高。多重耐药性菌株较多,且人源与动物源菌株间耐药特征存在明显的相关性。控制沙门氏菌耐药性趋势的发展,应从临床和畜牧业两方面引导抗生素的合理使用。     

宁波地区沙门氏菌耐药性监测及毒力基因筛查

目前宁波地区沙门氏菌对常用抗生素的耐受情况及主要毒力基因携带率的系统检测尚未见报道。本研究选取2006—2013年间宁波地区分离获得的121株沙门氏菌(共27个血清型),对其进行耐药谱检测,相关耐药基因及毒力基因筛查。结果显示:对12种常见抗生素的耐药率依次是:氨苄西林19.8%,四环素13.2%,强力霉素12.4%,复方新诺明11.6%,氯霉素8.7%,链霉素6.6%,妥布霉素3.3%,头孢曲松2.5%,环丙沙星0.8%,诺氟沙星0%,庆大霉素0%,阿米卡星0%。耐药基因携带率:blaTEM100%,blaPSE29.2%,blaCMY-24.2%,blaCTX8.3%,blaSHV0%,tet A 100%,tet B 100%,tet G 70.8%,tet C 20.8%,sul I 100%,sul II 100%,sul III 80%。毒力基因avr A、ssa Q、gip A、sod C1、mgt C的携带率均达100%,sop E 96.9%,ssi D 93.8%,spo B 93.8%,spv C 21.9%。上述结果表明:宁波地区沙门氏菌耐药情况比较严重,耐药基因与毒力基因携带率较高。本研究为宁波地区沙门氏菌疫情的防控提供数据支持。     

2014~2018年云南省食源性沙门氏菌耐药监测分析

目的 了解云南省2014年?2018年云南省食源性沙门氏菌的耐药情况。方法 采用沙门氏菌诊断血清和革兰阴性需氧菌药敏检测板对2014年?2018年337株食源性沙门氏菌进行了血清分型和药物敏感试验, 对耐药结果进行分析。结果 2014年?2018年食源性沙门氏菌血清型有56种。2018年食源性沙门氏菌对14种抗生素的耐药率(92.9%)最高。2018年食源性沙门氏菌对三类及三类以上抗生素的总耐药率(45.8%)最高。各年沙门氏菌对头孢西丁、头孢噻肟、头孢他啶、阿奇霉素的敏感率均在90%以上; 亚胺培南的敏感率有明显下降趋势。检出多重耐药菌的61.2%(44/72)样品均是肉与肉制品, 其中绝大多数都是生肉制品(81.8%, 36/44)和预制肉制品。结论 2014年?2018年云南省食源性沙门氏菌的耐药性较高, 尤其是2018年。建议相关食品监管部门应加强对畜牧养殖业抗生素的使用, 及宰杀、加工、运输等环节的监督管理。     

北京地区肉类中沙门氏菌全基因组分型及耐药分析

目的对我国北京地区肉类产品中沙门氏菌进行分离鉴定,基于全基因组测序结果,分析其耐药基因分布情况及亲缘关系。方法以38株沙门氏菌为研究对象,对不同来源的沙门氏菌进行全基因组分析,然后通过测定菌株对15种抗生素的最小抑菌浓度,结合全基因组测序结果分析不同来源的沙门氏菌的耐药特性及多重耐药状况。结果对38株沙门氏菌进行15种抗生素耐药性检测,其中34.2%为多重耐药株,68.4%的沙门氏菌对喹诺酮萘啶酸耐药,42.1%分离株对氨苄西林耐药。基于全基因组测序结果,对38株沙门氏菌进行分型为12种型别,其中88.2%的肠炎沙门氏菌与标准菌株ATCC9184亲缘关系较近。结论全基因组耐药基因和毒力基因与耐药表型有一定的关联,为监控北京地区的沙门氏菌耐药基因和毒力基因的传播方式提供理论基础。     

传统发酵食品中乳酸菌的安全性评估

本文以传统发酵食品中分离的38株乳酸菌(lactic acid bacteria,LAB)为研究对象,利用溶血试验、明胶液化试验和吲哚试验测试受试菌株相关产毒代谢产物,采用K-B纸片法检测菌株对25种抗生素的耐药表型,运用聚合酶链式反应检测菌株携带的耐药基因。结果表明:38株乳酸菌的溶血试验、明胶液化试验和吲哚试验均为阴性,说明菌株在生长代谢过程中不产生相关毒力物质;38株菌对头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、四环素、多西环素、氯霉素、克林霉素和红霉素表现敏感;对其余18种抗生素呈不同程度耐受,其中对磺胺异噁唑耐药率最高(52.63%),其次是卡那霉素(34.21%)、万古霉素(31.58%)、阿米卡星(26.32%)、链霉素(15.79%)、利福平(2.63%);耐药谱分析受试大部分乳酸菌存在多重耐药现象;PCR共检测出3种耐药基因,分别是氯霉素耐药基因cat A(2.63%)、万古霉素耐药基因van A(5.26%)、利福平耐药基因rpo B(42.11%)。结果表明从传统发酵食品中分离的38株乳酸菌不存在相关产毒代谢产物安全隐患,但对部分抗生素呈现出不同程度耐受,并且利福平耐药基因rpo B的检出率较高。本研究为传统发酵食品中乳酸菌安全评价体系的完善提供理论参考。     

食品动物源沙门氏菌血清型及对β-内酰胺类耐药性调查

为了解我国食品动物源沙门氏菌血清型分布和对β-内酰胺类药物耐药情况。采用玻片凝集法和微量肉汤稀释法,对710株分离自食品动物源沙门氏菌进行了血清型鉴定和10种β-内酰胺类药物的敏感性实验。结果表明:710株沙门氏菌有15种血清型,主要血清型为鸡白痢沙门氏菌(S.pullorum)、德尔卑沙门氏菌(S.derby)、吉韦沙门氏菌(S.give)和菲利斯河沙门氏菌(S.fyris);菌株对10种β-内酰胺类药物呈不同程度的耐药性(耐药率13.66%~58.03%),66.19%菌株对3种及以上药物同时耐药,耐药谱型复杂;菌株分离年代与耐药率无明显相关性,但整体上菌株对该类药物耐药率随时间延长呈上升趋势;耐药现象广泛存在于各种血清型,其中鸡白痢沙门氏菌、肠炎沙门氏菌、沙拉姆沙门氏菌和默尔斯沙门氏菌耐药菌株所占比例高达100%。以上结果说明,我国食品动物源沙门氏菌血清型呈多样性,对β-内酰胺类药物耐药现象严重,临床应谨慎使用该类药物,各动物中非致病性血清型菌株耐药现象严重,值得关注。     

鸡肉源沙门氏菌血清型、药敏性及部分耐药基因研究

目的:研究432株分离于陕西省杨凌及周边城市零售鸡肉中沙门氏菌的血清型分布、药敏性及其与(氟)喹诺酮类抗菌药物抗性相关耐药基因的流行状况。方法:按照玻片凝集法鉴定血清型,使用临床和实验室标准协会推荐的琼脂稀释法测定沙门氏菌的药敏性,聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)方法确定沙门氏菌中与(氟)喹诺酮类抗生素耐药相关基因。结果:432株沙门氏菌中除36株血清型未定外,其余396株沙门氏菌共涵盖37个血清型,其中鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhimurium,检出率17.93%)、汤普森沙门氏菌(Salmonella thompsons,检出率12.88%)、埃森沙门氏菌(Salmonella essen,检出率8.84%)和婴儿沙门氏菌(Salmonellainfants,检出率6.57%)等血清型比较常见。沙门氏菌对磺胺异噁唑(耐药率89.81%)耐药最为普遍,对磺胺甲噁唑、萘啶酮酸、四环素、氨苄西林、氯霉素和阿莫西林-克拉维酸等抗生素的耐药率均在50%以上。aac(6’)-Ib-cr基因检出率(16.67%)最高,qnr B、qnr S和qnr A的检出率分别为10.19%、6.71%和1.62%,且该4种基因在不同血清型菌株中分布不同。菌株携带qnr和aac(6’)-Ib-cr基因越多,对(氟)喹诺酮类和氨基糖苷类协同耐药性越强。结论:陕西省杨凌及周边城市零售鸡肉源沙门氏菌的血清型种类繁多,耐药比较普遍。     

乌鲁木齐牛羊肉源沙门氏菌对喹诺酮类药物的耐药状况及相关基因分析

目的:研究牛羊肉源沙门氏菌对15种抗生素的药敏性以及对喹诺酮类药物的相关耐药基因,更好地了解沙门氏菌耐药性的产生和传播途径,为预防与控制沙门氏菌疾病提供基础信息。方法:用琼脂稀释法测定沙门氏菌的药敏性,用聚合酶链式反应和基因序列测定法确定耐药沙门氏菌中与喹诺酮类抗生素耐药相关的喹诺酮类抗性决定区基因突变及质粒携带的耐药基因。结果:30株沙门氏菌中对甲氧苄啶、氯霉素、萘啶酮酸、四环素、磺胺异甲二唑、链霉素、甲氧嘧啶/磺胺异恶唑、阿莫西林、氨苄西林的耐药率分别为100%、86.7%、66.7%、60.0%、50.0%、33.3%、26.7%、6.7%、6.7%,对环丙沙星、头孢曲松、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、头孢西丁、阿米卡星均表现为敏感;qnr B、qnr A、qnr S、aac(6′)-Ib-cr基因的检出率分别为5.0%、45.0%、0%、5.0%;30株沙门氏菌发生gyr A基因突变的菌株数为14株,主要突变类型是Ser83Phe,发生par C基因突变的菌株数为25株,主要突变类型是Thr57Ser。结论:乌鲁木齐牛羊肉源沙门氏菌的耐药情况较为严重,对喹诺酮类药物的耐药状况应当予以关注,其耐药突变基因及质粒携带的耐药基因在一定程度上是导致沙门氏菌耐药的重要原因。     

南京地区猪肉源中沙门氏菌分子分型及耐药性分析

沙门氏菌是造成我国食源性疾病的常见细菌之一,也是肉类消费过程中密切监测的重点对象。在2018年~2021年期间,共计采集了南京市545份猪肉源食品样本,利用选择性培养法分离得到44株沙门氏菌,采用血清学方法和分子生物学方法（MLST）对其进行分型鉴定,并分析其耐药性。结果表明,市售样本中共计检出44株沙门氏菌,平均检出率为8.07%,其中内脏样本检出率相对最高（检出率为30.49%）;血清型分析表明,检出的菌株中以鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（Salmonella typhimurium）、罗森氏沙门氏菌（Salmonella rissen）、德尔卑沙门氏菌（Salmonella derby）和伦敦沙门氏菌（Salmonella london）4种血清型沙门氏菌最为常见;基因分型表明,ST19型为猪肉源中优势沙门氏菌株,占比为20.45%;检出的沙门氏菌中,38株菌株对四环素具有明显耐药性,占全部检出菌株的86.36%,而对头孢他啶、头孢噻肟和头孢西丁的耐药不超过10%。此外,对检出的1株多重耐药性沙门氏菌耐药基因分析发现,共筛查出了包括7大类抗生素及与耐药相关的基因。该实验详细分析了南京市场猪肉源食品中沙门氏菌污染状况,也为后期沙门氏菌的综合防治提供了理论依据。     

食源性沙门氏菌耐药表型与耐药基因的研究

为了解食源性沙门氏菌（Salmonella）的耐药状况以及耐药基因与耐药表型的关系,从基因水平上探究Salmonella的耐药机制。本研究对215 株分离自1 093 份市售新鲜肉类中的Salmonella进行了耐药状况检测,设计了16 种引物对耐药基因进行聚合酶链式反应（polymerase chain reaction,PCR）扩增,并对扩增产物进行克隆测序。结果显示,分离株对磺胺异恶唑耐药率最高（71.7%）,其次为四环素（69.8%）、甲氧嘧啶（67.9%）和复方新诺明（52.8%）,分离株对环丙沙星、呋喃妥因和头孢类比较敏感。三重及以上耐药的菌株占60.5%,最多可以耐受13 种抗生素;PCR共扩增到10 种耐药基因,测序结果表明扩增到的序列与GenBank上相应参考序列的相似性均在99%以上;β-酰胺类以及四环素类的耐药基因检出情况与耐药表型具有很高的一致性,符合率均在90%以上,其次为磺胺类（81.6%）。说明本研究中的食源性Salmonella分离株的耐药率高,多重耐药情况较为严重,耐药表型与耐药基因检测结果基本一致。     

Antibiotic resistance of Salmonella spp. from animal sources in Spain in 1996 and 2000

Emergence of resistant and multiresistant bacteria has become an important worldwide sanitary problem. International agencies recommend improving resistance surveillance studies in not only human but also animal origin strains. Because of its ubiquitous characteristics and zoonotic agent consideration, Salmonella spp. can be used as a good indicator microorganism for resistance surveillance studies. Salmonella spp. strains from animal sources isolated in 1996 (107) and 2000 (474) in Spain were tested against 12 different antimicrobials agents, using the disc diffusion method. Results were interpreted following the NCCLS criteria. Data showed that Salmonella spp. strains (61.7% in 1996 and 81.5% in 2000) were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Pig-related strains were considerably more resistant than strains from other sources. Enteritidis serotype was less resistant than other serotypes, except for ampicillin in 1996 (50% resistant) and nalidixic acid in 2000 (65.1% resistant). An emergent monophasic serotype, 4,5,12:i:-, first detected in 1997 in Spain was 100% resistant and 90% multiresistant. Typhimurium serotype was the most common Salmonella serotype from animal sources in both years. It was widely distributed among animals and was among the serotypes with a higher degree of resistance. The ampicillin, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, streptomycin, and tetracycline resistance pattern, commonly associated with Salmonella serotype Typhimurium DT 104, had spread among other Typhimurium phage types and other Salmonella serotypes. Salmonella spp. strains isolated from feeding stuffs were considerably more susceptible than animal source strains, suggesting that the high Salmonella spp. resistance percentage was probably due to the use of antibiotics in animal farms rather than the consumption of contaminated feeding stuffs.     

Antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella serovars isolated from imported foods

A total of 187 Salmonella isolates representing 82 serotypes recovered from 4072 imported foods in the year 2000 by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration field laboratories were tested for their susceptibility to 17 antimicrobials of human and veterinary importance. Fifteen (8%) isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, and five (2.7%) were resistant to three or more antimicrobials. Most of the isolates (n=9) exhibited resistance to tetracycline. Four isolates from catfish or tilapia from Taiwan or Thailand also demonstrated resistance to nalidixic acid. These nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella isolates possessed a point mutation at the Ser83 or Asp87 position in DNA gryase, resulting in amino acid substitutions to phenylalanine, tyrosine, or asparagine. One Salmonella Derby isolated from frozen anchovies imported from Cambodia was resistant to six antimicrobials including ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Of seven isolates displaying resistance to sulfonamides, only one S. Derby and one Salmonella Agona contained class 1 integrons that were further shown to possess the aadA and pse-1 genes conferring resistance to streptomycin and ampicillin, respectively. This study indicates that antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella are present in imported foods, primarily of seafood origin, and stresses the need for continued surveillance of foodborne zoonotic bacterial pathogens from imported foods entering the United States.     

Frequency and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serotypes on beef carcasses at small abattoirs in Jalisco State, Mexico

The prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serotypes on beef carcasses from four small abattoirs in Jalisco State, Mexico, were investigated during a 10-month period. Following U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service protocols, Salmonella was isolated from 78 (15.4%) beef carcasses (n = 505) after the final carcass water wash. Isolation frequency differed by establishment (P < 0.05) and was higher (P < 0.05) during the wet season (May through September) for all establishments. Thirteen Salmonella serotypes and four serogroups (partially serotyped isolates) were identified. The most prevalent were Salmonella enterica Give (24.4%), Salmonella Typhimurium (17.9%), and Salmonella Group B (14.1%). Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested against 11 drugs, and results indicated that 46.2% of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, 42.3% were resistant to streptomycin, 23.1% were resistant to chloramphenicol, 21.8% were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and 19.2% were resistant to gentamicin. No resistance to ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin was observed, and 33% of the isolates were resistant to three or more antimicrobials. Although Salmonella Give was the most prevalent serotype, 95% of the isolates of this serotype were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. Antimicrobial resistance was more common in Salmonella Typhimurium, and 93% (13 of 14) of the isolates of this serotype were resistant to at least five antimicrobials. The frequency of multidrug-resistant Salmonella isolates differed among establishments (P < 0.05) and may be related to the origin of the cattle presented for harvesting. These findings highlight the need for control measures to reduce Salmonella prevalence on beef carcasses in small abattoirs in Mexico and for strategies to ensure the cautious use of antimicrobials in animal production to prevent and control the spread of antimicrobial-resistant foodborne pathogens.     

Antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli isolated from retail grain-fed veal meat from Southern Ontario, Canada

This study estimated the prevalence of Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Escherichia coli isolates in fresh retail grain-fed veal obtained in Ontario, Canada. The prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns were examined for points of public health significance. Veal samples (n = 528) were collected from February 2003 through May 2004. Twenty-one Salmonella isolates were recovered from 18 (4%) of 438 samples and underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Resistance to one or more antimicrobials was found in 6 (29%) of 21 Salmonella isolates; 5 (24%) of 21 isolates were resistant to five or more antimicrobials. No resistance to antimicrobials of very high human health importance was observed. Ampicillin-chloramphenicolstreptomycin-sulfamethoxazole-tetracycline resistance was found in 5 (3%) of 21 Salmonella isolates. Campylobacter isolates were recovered from 5 (1%) of 438 samples; 6 isolates underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Resistance to one or more antimicrobials was documented in 3 (50%) of 6 Campylobacter isolates. No Campylobacter isolates were resistant to five or more antimicrobials or category I antimicrobials. E. coli isolates were recovered from 387 (88%) of 438 samples; 1,258 isolates underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Resistance to one or more antimicrobials was found in 678 (54%) of 1,258 E. coli isolates; 128 (10%) of 1,258 were resistant to five or more antimicrobials. Five (0.4%) and 7 (0.6%) of 1,258 E. coli isolates were resistant to ceftiofur and ceftriaxone, respectively, while 34 (3%) of 1,258 were resistant to nalidixic acid. Ciprofloxacin resistance was not detected. There were 101 different resistance patterns observed among E. coli isolates; resistance to tetracycline alone (12.7%, 161 of 1,258) was most frequently observed. This study provides baseline prevalence and antimicrobial resistance data and highlights potential public health concerns.     

云南省肠炎沙门菌及德尔卑沙门菌脉冲场凝胶电泳分子分型及耐药性研究

目的 了解云南省沙门菌患者中分离最多的肠炎沙门菌及食品中分离最多的德尔卑沙门菌脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulse field gel electrophoresis, PFGE)分子分型及耐药状况。方法 参照中国细菌性传染病分子分型实验室监测网络Pulse Net China的沙门菌PFGE分子分型方法进行分子分型。分析耐药板最低抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC)值, 根据美国临床实验室标准化协会(Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute, CLSI)的相应标准获得S、I、R结果。结果 56株肠炎沙门菌呈11种PFGE带型, 有4种优势带型, 对氨苄舒的耐药率最高, 为57.14%, 对亚胺培南最敏感。27株德尔卑沙门菌呈25种PFGE带型, 对复合磺胺的耐药率最高, 为64.29%, 对亚胺培南最敏感。结论 肠炎沙门菌分子分型有明显的优势带型, 本地区肠炎沙门菌对氨苄舒的耐药率最高。德尔卑沙门菌分子分型呈多样分布, 复方磺胺是本地区德尔脾沙门菌最耐药抗生素。2种沙门菌都对亚胺培南最敏感。