黄伞子实体多糖PAP2的分离纯化及其结构初步鉴定

从黄伞子实体中提取出水溶性粗多糖,经DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow和SuperdexTM 200柱层析分离纯化得到一种多糖组分PAP2。采用高效凝胶渗透色谱法(HPGPC)检测其为均一多糖组分,平均分子质量为2.1×106u;经高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射(HPLC-ESLD)检测表明PAP2主要由葡萄糖组成;结合红外光谱、核磁共振1H NMR和13C NMR分析表明,黄伞子实体多糖PAP2是一种α-D-吡喃葡聚糖,主链为1-4糖苷键,存在1-6糖苷键的支链。     

南瓜多糖PCE-CGH的制备和结构表征

探讨具有降血糖作用的南瓜多糖的分子组成与分子结构信息。以南瓜粉为原料,经过水提取、有机溶剂分步萃取和柱色谱分离纯化,得到一种水溶性多糖(PCE-CGH)。经高碘酸氧化、Smith降解并采用IR,NMR等方法对该多糖的化学结构进行了表征。结果:该多糖由鼠李糖(Rha)、阿拉伯糖(Ara)、葡萄糖(Glu)和半乳糖(Gal)组成,摩尔比为4∶2∶3∶5。主链主要是以β-1→2糖苷键及β-1→3糖苷键连接的Gal和Ara,同时还存在一定量的Glu和Rha;侧链主要是以β-1→4糖苷键及β-1→6糖苷键连接的Rha和Glu。南瓜多糖PCE-CGH是由4种单糖组成、带有侧链的杂多糖。     

洋甘菊多糖的分离纯化、性质结构及抗氧化活性分析

对热回流提取得到的洋甘菊多糖进行了分离纯化,并对得到的多糖的性质结构及抗氧化活性进行分析。经处理后的洋甘菊多糖先后利用DEAE-Sepharose和Sephadex G-100柱色谱分离纯化得到了2种均一多糖(MCP-1-1和MCP-2-1);经测定2种均一多糖总糖含量分别为82.23%、84.09%,糖醛酸含量分别为4.11%、5.38%,蛋白质含量分别为0.58%、1.05%,溶解度分别为98.36%、98.44%,分子质量分别为30902、7244 Da;单糖组成实验结果表明MCP-1-1是由鼠李糖(Rha)、葡萄糖醛酸(GlcA)、半乳糖(Gal)、葡萄糖(Glc)、木糖(Xyl)和阿拉伯糖(Ara)6种单糖组成,MCP-2-1是由GlcA、Gal、Glc、GalA、Xyl和Ara六种单糖组成,2种均一多糖均是不含三螺旋结构的酸性多糖,均含有吡喃环和β-糖苷键,MCP-1-1含有α-糖苷键;2种均一多糖具有良好的热稳定性。体外清除自由基试验结果显示MCP-1-1和MCP-2-1对DPPH自由基和·OH均有清除作用,而且清除能力与均一多糖的质量浓度正相关,MCP-2-1对2种自由基的清除能力明显高于MCP-1-1。研究结果表明,分离纯化得到的洋甘菊多糖可作为天然抗氧化剂,用于食品和化妆品中。     

冠县灵芝多糖的分离纯化、结构表征及抗氧化活性研究

以冠县灵芝为研究对象,采用传统浸提法获得水溶性灵芝多糖GLP,经Sevag法去蛋白及活性炭脱色,然后依次采用Capto TM DEAE离子柱层析和Superdex 6 prep Grad凝胶柱层析进行分离纯化,获得均一多糖GLPS80a,经高效凝胶色谱(HPGPC)法检测,其相对分子量为9024 Da,高效阴离子色谱(HPAEC)、红外光谱(FT-IR)和核磁共振(NMR)图谱分析结果表明,GLPS80a是由岩藻糖(Fuc)、氨基葡萄糖(GlcN)、半乳糖(Gal)、葡萄糖(Glc)、木糖(Xyl)、甘露糖(Man)和葡萄糖醛酸(GluA)等7种单糖组成,摩尔比为0.06:0.23:0.17:1.00:0.08:0.19:0.23,主要以β-D-(1,6)糖苷键连接的吡喃糖为主要组成且不含三股螺旋的酸性多糖。抗氧化结果表明,GLPS80a具有一定的DPPH自由基、OH自由基和ABTS+自由基的清除能力,它们的EC₅₀分别为7.40、8.74和0.33 mg/mL,还原力RP_0.5AU为8.33 mg/mL。本研究将为合理开发冠县灵芝资源和精深...     

草菇多糖VVP-1b的分离纯化及其光谱分析

从草菇子实体中提取水溶性粗多糖,经脱蛋白、脱色、DEAE-Sepharose F.F和Superdex-200柱层析,分离纯化得到一种水溶性草菇多糖组分VVP-1b。采用液相色谱、紫外光谱、红外光谱等光谱方法对其部分理化性质和结构进行测定。结果表明:VVP-1b为均一组分,具有明显的多糖特征峰,含有β-吡喃糖苷键;其总糖含量、蛋白含量、糖醛酸含量分别为88.7%、7.8%、27.6%,相对分子质量为5.84×105;单糖组成及摩尔比为阿拉伯糖∶甘露糖∶半乳糖∶葡萄糖=4.0∶1.0∶1.4∶35.4。因此VVP-1b是一种均一的具有β-吡喃糖苷键的酸性多糖。     

裸藻非水溶性和水溶性多糖的化学组成及抗氧化活性分析

目的:研究比较裸藻非水溶性和水溶性多糖抗氧化活性,并分析其主要结构特征,为后续研究裸藻多糖的结构与活性关系提供实验基础.方法:以裸藻为原料,提取裸藻中的非水溶性和水溶性多糖,经分离纯化后,采用紫外-可见吸收光谱、红外光谱、凝胶色谱、离子色谱等技术对多糖的基本结构进行分析;进一步以维生素C(VC)为对照,考察它们对DPP...     

三角帆蚌多糖的纯化工艺研究

利用离子交换及凝胶过滤层析方法对三角帆蚌粗多糖进行分离纯化.试验结果表明:采用弱阴离子交换色谱分离三角帆蚌粗多糖,用0.05 mol/L pH 7.9的Tris-HCl缓冲液以及0.1、0.2、1 mol/L NaCl洗脱液进行分段洗脱,得到4个组分;多糖含量较高的前2个组分经Sepharose 6B凝胶纯化,用双蒸水洗脱到2个组分,分别命名为MPa-1-1和MPa-2-1:经醋酸纤维素薄膜电泳法和高效液相凝胶色谱法鉴定,两者为均一纯多糖,测得MPa-1-1的分子质量为1589.62 kDa,MPa-2-1的分子质量为1741.80 kDa.     

平贝母多糖的分离纯化及抗氧化活性研究

采用乙醇沉淀、DEAE-纤维素离子交换层析和Sepharose CL-6B凝胶过滤层析法,从平贝母(Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim)水提取液中分离纯化得到水溶性多糖,命名为FUP-1。通过红外光谱和高效液相色谱对其结构和单糖组成进行初步分析,分子筛层析法测定其分子质量。结果表明,FUP-1为均一组分的杂多糖,主要由木糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖组成,其物质的量比为5:1:1,平均分子质量为4.1×104D。体外抗氧化活性分析表明,FUP-1具有较强的清除羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基和DPPH自由基的能力。     

山药多糖的分离纯化及其结构鉴定

以山药为原料,经分离提取纯化等一系列步骤得到山药水溶性多糖,用Sephadex G-100柱层析,发现经DEAE层析后的多糖为均一组分,其比旋光度为+162.5°,属于水溶中性多糖。经薄层层析以及GC-MS分析测定该中性糖为葡萄糖和甘露糖组成,其摩尔比为0.56:0.44。红外光谱和NMR谱分析显示该中性糖有α-异构体吡喃己糖环,它们归属为α-D-葡萄糖和α-D-甘露糖。     

百合中水溶性非淀粉多糖的分离与纯化

百合中水溶性非淀粉多糖的提取、分离和纯化方法的研究表明 ,糊化淀粉经α 淀粉酶和普鲁兰酶水解除去后 ,剩余多糖经SepharoseCL 6B与SephedexG 10 0凝胶过滤色谱分离 ,得到比浓粘度为 81.2 92cm3/ g的水溶性非淀粉多糖 ,其相对分子质量较小 (2 0 0 18.6 ) .研究中还发现一些多糖与蛋白质以结合形式糖蛋白存在 .     

红阳猕猴桃多糖组分的分离纯化、单糖组成及其抑制癌细胞活性

研究红阳猕猴桃果实多糖组分的分离纯化、单糖组成及其对癌细胞增殖的抑制作用。用水提取总多糖,层析法分离纯化多糖组分;高效凝胶渗透色谱测定组分的纯度和分子质量;高效液相色谱法测定多糖纯组分的单糖组成;傅里叶变换红外(Fourier transform-infrared,FT-IR)光谱鉴定多糖纯组分的特征官能团;用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐法测定多糖纯组分对肺癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、胃癌和结肠癌这5种癌细胞的体外抑制活性。总多糖分离出ACP-1、ACP-2、ACP-3、ACP-4这4种单组分多糖;其中ACP-3纯度最高,分子质量为2 663 k D,主要含有L-鼠李糖(17.78%,物质的量分数,后同)、D-半乳糖醛酸(25.25%)、D-半乳糖(25.45%)、L-阿拉伯糖(20.51%)、D-葡萄糖(6.14%)、D-甘露糖(2.13%)、D-木糖(1.03%)、D-葡萄糖醛酸(0.97%)及少量D-岩藻糖(0.74%);其FT-IR光谱图有多糖特征官能团的吸收峰。ACP-3对5种癌细胞增殖的半数最大抑制浓度依次为0.646、0.310、0.642、0.281、0.575μmol/L,对癌细胞增殖有抑制活性。     

Structural analysis and CCK-releasing activity of a sulphated polysaccharide from abalone (Haliotis Discus Hannai Ino) viscera

A fraction of water-soluble sulphated polysaccharide conjugate, termed AHP-2, was obtained from abalone (Haliotis Discus Hannai Ino) viscera by protease-assisted aqueous extraction followed by precipitation with ethanol and purification with gel filtration chromatography. Analysis by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to a TSK-gel G4000PW_XL column and gel filtration chromatography on Sepharose CL-6B indicated AHP-2 is homogenous with an average molecular weight (MW) of about 11.0 kDa. The structure of AHP-2 was revealed by chemical methods, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Results indicated AHP-2 is a heteroglycan consisting of glucose, fucose, xylose, rhamnose and galactose with molar ratio of 1.0:2.0:3.9:6.7:7.4. The backbone of AHP-2 consists of 1,3-linked rhamnose and 1,3,6-linked galactose, with glucose, fucose, xylose and galactose of different linkage types distributing in branched chains. Meanwhile, AHP-2 was found to increase cholecystokinin (CCK) release in CCK-secreting STC-1 cells.     

Structural characterization and antioxidant activities of 2 water-soluble polysaccharide fractions purified from tea (Camellia sinensis) flower

Abstract: The water‐soluble crude polysaccharide tea flower polysaccharide (TFP), obtained from tea (Camellia sinensis) flower by boiling‐water extraction and ethanol precipitation, was fractionated by Sephadex G‐100 column chromatography, giving 2 polysaccharide fractions termed TFP‐1 and TFP‐2. The structural features of TFP‐1 and TFP‐2 were investigated by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gel‐permeation chromatography (GPC), rheometer, infrared (IR) spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscope (AFM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results indicated that TFP‐1 was composed of glucose: xylose: rhamnose: galactose = 1.0:1.2:0.81:0.98 with a molecular weight of 167.5 KDa, while TFP‐2 comprised glucose: xylose: rhamnose: arabinose = 1.0:0.76:2.3:2.3 with a molecular weight of 10.1 KDa. The ¹H NMR revealed that TFP‐1 contained α‐L‐Rhap, α‐D‐Galp, α‐D‐GalpNAc, α‐D‐Xylp, α‐D‐Glcp, and β‐D‐Glcp residues, while TFP‐2 was illustrated to have α‐L‐Rhap, α‐L‐Arap, α‐D‐Xylp, α‐D‐Glcp, and α‐D‐GlcpNAc residues. Antioxidant activities of these fractions were investigated using various in vitro assay systems compared with ascorbic acid. In conclusion, TFP‐2 exhibited the higher antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel potential antioxidant. Practical Application: At present, commonly low‐grade tea is preferred to extract the tea polysaccharide, to take full advantage of tea flower resource to extract polysaccharides can greatly reduce the cost of tea products. Thus, the search for plant‐derived biomaterials from this study could generate natural value‐added products from underutilized tea plant waste and used as a medicinal agent against chronic health problems, such as cancers, aging, and atherosclerosis caused by reactive free radicals that produced from oxidation.     

猴头菇β-葡聚糖的结构表征及其稀溶液性质

以猴头菇子实体为原料,通过水提醇沉法提取得到猴头菇β-葡聚糖（Hericium erinaceus β-glucan,HEBG）。采用高效液相色谱、气相色谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、高碘酸氧化、Smith降解、甲基化分析和核磁共振分析对HEBG的一级结构进行表征;通过特性黏度测定实验和刚果红实验对HEBG溶液性质进行探究,并通过扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜对HEBG进行显微结构的观察。结果表明：HEBG是由β-D-葡萄糖组成的均一性多糖;高碘酸氧化、Smith降解、甲基化分析和核磁共振分析结果表明HEBG主链由1,3-β-D-葡萄糖残基组成,支链是由1,6-β-D-葡萄糖残基组成,且1,3-β-D-葡萄糖与1,6-β-D-葡萄糖的物质的量比为1∶1。特性黏度和刚果红实验表明,HEBG稀溶液中不仅存在无规线团结构,还存在三股螺旋结构;扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜更加清晰地观察到多糖的无规线团结构、分子链的分支状结构,分子链直径为（0.55±0.11）nm,宽度为1.9 nm。该实验为深入研究HEBG的生物活性以及构效关系提供一定参考依据。     

Purification and identification of a novel heteropolysaccharide RBPS2a with anti-complementary activity from defatted rice bran

A novel heteropolysaccharide RBPS2a with anti-complementary activity was obtained from defatted rice bran by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, and purified by gel chromatography after anion-exchange chromatography. This fraction exhibited more potent anti-complementary activity than other polysaccharide fractions. RBPS2a was eluted as a single symmetrical narrow peak on high-performance gel-permeation chromatography (HPGPC) and the average molecular weight was 90,000 Da. We found RBPS2a contained 86.7% polysaccharide and 8.7% protein. The amino acid pattern showed that RBPS2a contained large amount of glutamic acid, arginine, aspartic acid, lysine, and alanine. The molar content of the above five amino acids constituted 59.31% of the total amino acids. Gas chromatography of absolute acid hydrolysate of RBPS2a suggested that it was composed of arabinose, xylose, glucose and galactose with a molar ratio of 4:2:1:4. The Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and ¹H, ¹³C NMR spectroscopy analysis revealed that RBPS2a had a backbone consisting of β-(1→3)-linked d-galacopyranosyl residues substituted at O-2 with glycosyl residues composed of α-d-xylose-(1→4)-α-d-arabinose-(1→ and α-d-glucose-(1→4)-α-d-arabinose-(1→ linked residues. Furthermore, some of the fractions extracted and purified from defatted rice bran exhibited strong anti-complementary activity. Among these fractions, the purified polysaccharide RBPS2a had the highest activity.     

Structure characterization and antitumor activity of an α β-glucan polysaccharide from Auricularia polytricha

A fraction of a 0.05 M NaOH solution-soluble polysaccharide, termed AAFRC, was obtained from Auricularia polytricha by protease-assisted aqueous extraction followed by precipitation with ethanol and purification with gel filtration chromatography. Analysis by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to a TSK-G5000PW_XL column and gel filtration chromatography on Sephacryl S-400HR indicated that AAFRC is homogenous with an average molecular weight (Mw) of about 1.20 × 10⁶ Da. The structure of AAFRC was revealed by chemical methods including Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Results indicated that AAFRC is a glucan consisting 1,3-β-glucan, 1,4-α-glucan, and 1,3-α-glucan backbone with a single 1→)-α-d-glucopyranosyl side-branching unit on every six residues, on average, along the main chain. The growth of transplantable Sarcoma-180 (S₁₈₀) in mice was also significantly inhibited by AAFRC compared with the model controls (P < 0.01), with the inhibitory rate being 43.61%.     

霍山铁皮石斛多糖的脱蛋白工艺及结构分析

优选霍山铁皮石斛多糖脱蛋白工艺,并对其进行分离纯化及结构分析。以蛋白脱除率和多糖损失率为评价指标,比较Sevag法、酶法及酶-Sevag法3种脱蛋白方法。结果表明,酶-Sevag法脱蛋白效果最佳,蛋白脱除率为81.58%,多糖损失率为15.63%。采用DEAE-52纤维素柱、Sephadex G-100凝胶柱分离纯化石斛多糖,得活性组分DOPA-1;采用紫外扫描光谱、高效液相色谱鉴定DOPA-1为均一多糖;采用气相色谱分析表明组分单糖由甘露糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖组成(各单糖的物质的量比为1∶0.42∶0.27);采用红外光谱和刚果红实验分析糖链结构表明,DOPA-1有典型的糖类特征吸收峰,存在β-D-甘露吡喃糖苷,且具有三股螺旋构象。     

金花葵多糖提取工艺优化及结构表征和抗氧化性研究

优化金花葵干花苞中多糖的提取工艺,并对其结构和抗氧化活性进行研究。本研究在单因素实验的基础上,通过正交试验优化水提醇沉法提取多糖的工艺,利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法分析多糖的单糖组成,应用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)法和扫描电镜(SEM)观察对多糖官能团和外貌进行分析,并检测了多糖清除自由基的能力和还原力。结果表明,金花葵的干花苞多糖最佳提取工艺为：提取温度100℃、提取时间3 h和料液比1:50 g/mL。在此工艺条件下,多糖得率为17.23%±0.19%,多糖含量为27.87%±0.60%。其单糖组成及摩尔比为阿拉伯糖:半乳糖:鼠李糖:甘露糖:葡萄糖=0.97:1:0.23:0.05:0.43。表面呈不规则片状,并且证明具有糖醛酸、吡喃糖环官能团。此外,提取的多糖具有一定的清除DPPH自由基、ABTS⁺自由基能力,对自由基半数抑制对应浓度(IC₅₀)分别为1.22、4.43 mg/mL,表明具有良好的抗氧化活性。研究结果为金花葵花苞中多糖的化学结构解析和功能研究提供了研究基础与理论依据。     

发酵虫草菌丝体多糖提取条件优化及其结构分析

采用响应面法优化蝙蝠蛾拟青霉菌丝体多糖的提取工艺,并对提取所得多糖的结构进行初步分析。结果表明:发酵虫草菌丝体多糖提取最佳工艺条件为提取温度98.0℃、提取时间4.5 h、液固比25∶1(mL/g),该条件下多糖得率为9.69%。菌丝体多糖主要由中性糖(84.7%)和糖醛酸(9.5%)组成。采用高效体积排阻色谱、红外光谱扫描和离子色谱对多糖结构进行光谱分析和单糖组成分析,结果表明该多糖主要为分子质量61.6 kD的单一色谱峰且可能呈吡喃环结构。另外,菌丝体多糖由阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、木糖、甘露糖和半乳糖醛酸组成,其物质的量比为2.5∶31∶36∶1∶15∶4。研究成果可为日后发酵虫草菌丝体多糖精细结构与活性研究以及产品开发提供一定理论依据。     

Isolation, characterization and immunological activity of a polysaccharide from the fruit bodies of an edible mushroom, Sarcodon aspratus (Berk.) S. Ito.

A water-soluble polysaccharide (HCP) with a molecular mass of 6.7 × 10⁵ Da determined by high performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), was isolated from the fruit bodies of Sarcodon aspratus (Berk.) S. Ito., an edible mushroom. HCP was elucidated as a liner glucan with a backbone structure of (1 → 6)-linked-??-d-glucopyranosyl residues by interpretation of the composition analysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation experiment, FT-IR, and NMR spectroscopy. Immunological activity evaluation using H³-thymidine incorporation method revealed that HCP could significantly stimulate the proliferation of the cultured mice spleen lymphocyte in a dose-dependent manner. HCP might be a potential immunomodulator which can be used against pathogens and tumors in health-care food or medicine. This is the first report on the detailed structure elucidation of the polysaccharide from S. aspratus.