Diffuse conditions for efficient solution of multislab radiation transport problems

In this article, we make use of recently developed spectral nodal methods for anisotropically scattering media and we derive mathematical conditions for the diffuse reflection and transmission of radiation in the discrete ordinates formulation of particle transport theory for plane-parallel applications. The conditions arise from a suitable reformulation of spatially discretized equations defined on the boundary layers of a multislab domain. As a result, the boundary layers can be removed from the radiation transport calculations and replaced with exact and numerically stable equivalent conditions. In order to illustrate the applicability and computational merit of our discrete ordinates conditions for diffuse reflection and transmission in radiation transport calculations, we perform numerical experiments with atmospheric radiative transfer and nuclear reactor core models.     

Effect of CaO doping on densification and microstructure control of highly transparent La0.4Gd1.6Zr2O7 ceramics

Calcium oxide (CaO) as sintering additive was first used to fabricate La_0.4Gd_1.6Zr₂O₇ transparent ceramics by a simple solid-state reaction and one-step vacuum sintering method. The effects of CaO dopant amount on the densification, as well as sintering behaviors and microstructure evolution of the as-fabricated La_0.4Gd_1.6Zr₂O₇ ceramics, were systematically investigated. Under the different sintering temperatures, the relationships during the sintering process between grain growth and zpore elimination were analyzed as well. It was found that 0.1 wt% CaO doping can effectively control the rate of grain growth and promote densification dominated by surface diffusion. Furthermore, Ca²⁺ entered the lattice of La_0.4Gd_1.6Zr₂O₇ ceramics to accelerate ion diffusion and suppress grain boundary migration. With the introduction of 0.1 wt% CaO doping, the highly transparent La_0.4Gd_1.6Zr₂O₇ ceramics (T = 80.4% at 1100 nm) were successfully fabricated at the traditional sintering temperature (1850°C).     

Tb~(3+)掺杂Gd_2Sn_2O_7纳米荧光材料的制备与光学性能

采用共沉淀-水热法合成Tb3+掺杂Gd2Sn2O7纳米荧光材料,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、拉曼光谱(Raman)和荧光光谱对合成产物的晶体结构、颗粒尺寸、形貌和光学性能进行研究。研究结果表明水热合成产物为单一相立方烧绿石结构Gd2Sn2O7:Tb3+晶体,产物由尺寸约为50~70 nm的一次纳米颗粒团聚而成的不规则球。激发光谱和发射光谱测试结果表明,Gd2Sn2O7:Tb3+样品可以被379 nm的紫外光有效地激发而发射出纯度高的Tb3+离子特征的绿光,在高浓度Tb3+掺杂时可观察到Tb3+发光浓度猝灭现象。在样品的激发光谱中观察到不同激发带的猝灭浓度并不相同,并对其原因进行了分析。     

Corrosion and mechanical properties of AM50 magnesium alloy after being modified by 1 wt.% rare earth element gadolinium

In order to improve the corrosion and mechanical properties of AM50 magnesium alloy, 1 wt.% Gd was used to modify the AM50 magnesium alloy. The microstructure, corrosion and mechanical properties were evaluated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), electrochemical and mechanical stretch methods. The results indicated that β-Mg17Al12 phase decreased and Al2Gd3 and Al0.4GdMn1.6 phase existed after Gd addition. Because of the Gd addition, the grain of AM50 magnesium alloy was refined significantly, which improved the tensile strength of AM50 magnesium alloy. The decreasing of β phase improved the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy. The fracture mechanism of the Gd modified AM50 magnesium alloy was quasi-cleavage fracture. The corrosion residual strength(CRS) of AM50 magnesium alloy was improved after 1 wt.% Gd addition.     

Effect of bonding temperature and heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical property of Mg−6Gd−3Y alloy vacuum diffusion bonded joints

Diffusion bonding of as-cast Mg?6Gd?3Y magnesium alloy was carried out at temperatures of 400?480 °C with bonding pressure of 6 MPa for 90 min. Diffusion bonded joints were solution treated at 495 °C for 14 h and then aged at 200 °C for 30 h. Microstructures and mechanical properties of joints were analyzed. The results showed that rare earth elements and their compounds gathering at bonding interface hindered the grain boundary migration crossing bonding interface. Tensile strength of as-bonded and as-solution treated joints increased firstly and then decreased with the bonding temperature increasing due to the combined effects of grain coarsening and solid-solution strengthening. As-bonded and solution-treated joints fractured at matrix except the joint bonded at 400 °C, while aged joints fractured at bonding interface. The highest ultimate tensile strength of 279 MPa with elongation of 2.8% was found in joint bonded at 440 °C with solution treatment followed by aging treatment.     

PbF_2:Gd晶体的发光强度与发光均匀性研究

以Ｘ射线荧光光谱分析为手段,测试了用Ｂｒｉｄｇｍａｎ方法生长的ＰｂＦ２：Ｇｄ晶体中Ｇｄ离子沿生长方向的分布．发现该晶体在Ｘ射线激发下的发光强度与Ｇｄ在ＰｂＦ２晶体中的含量变化均从结晶开始端至结晶结束端逐渐降低,表明ＰｂＦ２：Ｇｄ晶体的发光是不均匀的,这种不均匀性源于Ｇｄ离子在ＰｂＦ２晶体中的分布不均匀性．通过在ＰｂＦ２：Ｇｄ晶体中掺入一定量的碱金属离子,可以比较有效地改善Ｇｄ离子在ＰｂＦ２晶体中的不均匀分布,使晶体的发光均匀性和透光率得到明显提高,其中以Ｎａ离子的均匀化效果为最好．推测Ｎａ离子的作用是消除了ＰｂＦ２：Ｇｄ晶体中因Ｇｄ离子的掺杂而造成的间隙Ｆ离子,从而使晶体中的缺陷浓度大大降低．     

萘普生稀土(Ce、Gd)配合物的合成及稳定性研究

本文合成了萘普生稀土(Ce、Gd)配合物,测定了配合物配位数并依据徐光宪关于水溶液中配合物的吸附平衡理论求得逐级稳定常数βi.     

DHDECMP从强放废液中分离和回收锕系—镧系元素的研究

文章在单级萃取实验的基础上,以串级萃取的实验方法,用30%DHDECMP-DEB从模拟动力堆核燃料后处理1AW强放废液中,进行了分离和回收锕系-镧系元素的工艺研究。串级实验是在共萃取槽R-A;分离槽R-B;反萃取槽R-C三个槽进行的。经过共萃取槽后,从强放废液中提取了全部α-放射性核素;经过分离槽后,使Pu,Am,Gd等三价锕系-镧系元素与U,Np分离;经过反萃取槽后,回收了Np和U。     

Gd扩渗对PbTiO3陶瓷导电性能和介电性能的影响

采用气相法对 PbTiO3陶瓷扩渗 Gd元素,经扫描电镜和 X射线能谱分析,证实 Gd元素已渗入到 PbTiO3陶瓷中,并使 PbTiO3陶瓷的导电性能和介电性能发生了十分显著的变化.经Gd扩渗,PbTiO3陶瓷的室温电阻率从 2.0× 1010Ω@ m下降为 0.25Ω@ m,已趋近导体.随着温度升高,晶粒电阻和晶界电阻逐渐降低,导电性更强. Gd扩渗使 PbTiO3陶瓷的介电常数较纯PbTiO3陶瓷明显增大.     

Study on ESR Properties of a-Si_(1-x)Gd_x Films

ESR studies have been undertaken for various chemical composition of electron beam evapo-rated a-Si_(1-x)Gd_x films with 0Gd atoms forthe dangling bonds in a-Si film,and the exchange interaction between the conduction electrons and the spinsin the host materials.