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51.
Polycrystalline (PbS)1.14(TaS2)2, a misfit layer sulfide, was used as cathodic material for lithium secondary battery. One molar LiClO4 in propylene carbonate (PC) was used as electrolyte. The cell could be galvanostatic discharged down to x = 4.6 [Lix(PbS)1.14(TaS2)2] when the current density was 65 μA cm−2 and the cell was cycled more than 100 times between 3.5 and 1.5 V at a current density of 260 μA cm−2. Lattice expansion increased linearly with lithium content and was less than that reported for the Li/TaS2 system. Chemical diffusion coefficients were determined by a modified version of the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique and they were fairly constant in the composition range 0.2 < x < 1, and an average value of 8.1 × 10−11 cm2 s−1 was calculated. Sodium intercalation was also accomplished, but the uptake of this ion resulting in a significant lattice expansion compared with that observed for lithium ions. Moreover, a similar dependence of the sodium chemical diffusion coefficient on the composition was observed with an average value of 1.4 × 10−10 cm2 s−1, somewhat higher than that of lithium ion. We believe that differences in lattice expansion may be responsible for the differences found in the chemical diffusivity values. 相似文献
52.
Very low voltage sputter coating, in the range 175–300 V, has been used to produce finely structured thin films of noble and refractory metals for use in high resolution scanning electron microscopy. There is a marked diminution in the particle size with a decrease in cathode voltage. Although the sputtering times are longer than with conventional diode sputter coating, such times are shorter than those required to produce similar films by Penning or ion-beam sputtering. The refractory metals produce films which are fine grained and suitable for high resolution studies. The method has been used to sputter coat thin layers of aluminium. All attempts at sputtering carbon have failed; the reasons for this are discussed in some detail. 相似文献
53.
高技术产品用无源元件与中国钽工业发展 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
世界高技术产品市场总体看呈增长趋势,预计2020年销售额将比2000年翻一番。以高技术产品为主要应用领域的电阻、电容、电感等无源元件,也将随着高技术产业的发展呈现出良好的市场前景,但是钽电容器市场近几年表现出骤涨急落的发展态势。由于钽电容器产能过剩,且面临着被替代的威协,因此价格将无法返回到2000年以前的水平,并呈现整体持续走低的趋势。中国的钽工业发展应注重提高企业自身的综合竞争力,加强企业间的沟通、交流与合作,维护我国钽工业的整体利益,增强环保意识,做好国外转移到我国的初级产品和低端产品生产的环保工作。 相似文献
54.
55.
The oxidation products formed at 500 and 700°C on an amorphous Ta-44.5 at% Ir alloy in an Ar-0.1% O2 gas mixture were characterized using SEM, XRD, EPMA, TEM, STEM, AES, and XPS. Initially, a thin (3–4 nm) layer of Ta2O5 formed at the surface of the alloy. Continued growth of the Ta2O5, which occurred very rapidly, involved diffusion of oxygen anions from the Ta2O5/gas interface to the alloy/Ta2O5 interface, where tantalum was selectively oxidized. Because the oxide grew more quickly than iridium could diffuse back into the alloy, the iridium coalesced into platelets of crystalline iridium-rich alloy that were oriented approximately parallel to the oxide/alloy interface, and which became embedded in a matrix of Ta2O5. The unoxidized core remained in the glassy state. The oxidation process and/or the dissolution of oxygen into the unoxidized alloy caused the alloy to become embrittled. 相似文献
56.
In the conventional metallothermic reduction (MR) process used to obtain tantalum powder in batch-type operation, it is difficult
to control the morphology and location of the tantalum deposits. In contrast, an electronically mediated reaction (EMR) process
is capable of overcoming this difficulty. It has the advantage of being a continuous process, but has the disadvantage of
a poor reduction yield. A process known as the MR-EMR combination process is able to overcome the shortcomings of the MR and
EMR processes. In this study, an MR-EMR combination process is applied to the production of tantalum powder via sodium reduction
of K2TaF7. In the MR-EMR combination process, the total charge passed through an external circuit and the average particle size (FSSS)
increase as the reduction temperature increases. In addition, the proportion of fine particles (−325 mesh) decreases as the
reduction temperature increasess. The tantalum yield improved from 65 to 74% as the reduction temperature increased. Taking
into account the charge, impurities, morphology, particle size and yield, a reduction temperature of 1123 K was found to be
optimum for the MR-EMR combination process. 相似文献
57.
依据英国金属网公布的2003年、2004年、2005年第1季度美国钽铌原料和制品进口统计数据.评述了美国钽铌市场的状况,着重关注了中国向美国出口钽铌的情况。 相似文献
58.
电容器用铌粉和钽粉制备技术的进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了铌粉和钽粉的现行生产工艺及几种新的还原方法,介绍了金属热还原反应中的电化学反应机理。钽粉的现行生产工艺几乎都用亨特法,铌粉则大部分采用铝热还原法生产。通过对亨特法还原条件、稀释剂组成等各种工艺参数的改进,已经可以制备纯度高、形态可控的金属钽粉。铌粉新还原方法的研究主要包括金属预成形热还原法、镁等蒸气还原预成形氧化物粉末的方法、镁或钠的蒸气还原氯化物蒸气的气相还原法、以液氨为介质在低温液相中均相还原铌或钽的氯化物的方法、反应媒介熔盐在强搅拌条件下的液体镁热还原金属氧化物的方法等。 相似文献
59.
60.
钽的加工硬化速率及其显微组织 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
借助力学性能实验、金相显微镜和透射电镜等手段研究了纯钽的加工硬化速率。研究结果表明:纯钽的宏观加工硬化速率比较低。通过TEM观察,发现变形95%后,纯钽的位错密度都不是很高,存在有位错胞亚结构。其原因可能是因为钽的层错能高,位错容易交滑移,使位错密度降低。根据林位错硬化理论,也可以认为,钽在室温下塑性变形时,滑移系主要为{110}〈111〉,次滑移系的激活比较少,因此穿过主滑移系的林位错密度比较低,位错之间相互作用少,导致钽的加工硬化速率低。 相似文献