多绳摩擦式提升机天轮轴瓦结构改进研究

针对宝雨山矿副井天轮在使用过程中存在异常响声和轴瓦固定螺栓损坏的问题,提出了轴瓦改进方案。通过对目前在用多绳摩擦式提升机天轮的结构、运行原理分析,将两瓣轴瓦结构改为整体轴瓦结构,增加轴瓦固定螺栓数量,改进轴瓦润滑油槽,将螺旋油槽改为纵横相交的油槽,同时增加了油槽深度,轴瓦在安装时增加了限位块。利用对天轮返厂大修的机会更换了改进后的新型轴瓦,通过1年多的使用发现,更换的新型轴瓦能够满足现场生产需要,减少了日常维护,提高了现场维护效率,为矿井的安全生产提供了有效保障。     

SGZ-764/400型刮板输送机的减速机对轮改造

针对SGZ-764/400型刮板输送机的减速机原配套的对轮存在生产成本高、安装工艺复杂、可靠性差、使用寿命较短的问题,通过重新设计改造对轮结构,生产出一种闸盘一体式减速机对轮,较好地解决了原配套的对轮存在的问题,取得了较好的技术经济效果。     

火车轮模锻成形工艺及热处理换热系数测算

为研究火车轮在模锻成形过程中内部金属流动及淬火加热、踏面淬火中的换热系数和温度变化,利用有限元软件对其模锻成形及热处理过程进行数值模拟分析,并结合黄金分割优化法对综合换热系数进行了反传热计算。结果表明:模锻过程中,辐板与上模接触区域的等效应变最大,轮辋外侧变形相对较小,踏面附近区域变形较均匀;在淬火加热过程中,换热系数随工件表面温度升高而增加,当温度在500℃以下时,换热系数随温度的升高而快速增加,500℃以后,增速缓慢,800℃时,换热系数达0.15 kW·(m^2·℃)^-1;踏面淬火时,在700℃以下,随温度下降,换热系数迅速增大,300℃时达到峰值3.1 kW·(m2·℃)^-1,在250℃以下,换热系数稍有下降,100℃时换热系数为2.5 kW·(m2·℃)^-1。     

列车车轮踏面滚动接触疲劳研究进展

随着高速与重载铁路的发展,车轮踏面滚动接触疲劳损伤问题变得更加显著,不仅影响乘车舒适度,增加维护成本,还会直接危害行车安全,目前尚无根本的解决办法。对国内外车轮踏面滚动接触疲劳损伤的形成机理、研究方法及影响因素进行了归纳总结。车轮滚动接触疲劳损伤形式有很多,根据疲劳裂纹在踏面下方萌生位置的不同,将踏面滚动接触疲劳损伤分为表面滚动接触疲劳、次表面滚动接触疲劳和较深层次滚动接触疲劳。随着冶金和车轮制造技术的提高,由低周疲劳或棘轮效应造成的表面滚动接触疲劳损伤成为主要的疲劳损伤类型。车轮踏面滚动接触疲劳损伤的研究方法主要包括现场调研、数值仿真和试验研究。结合已有研究成果,主要从车轮材料、车轮既有损伤、线路条件、列车运行参数、轮轨间第三介质等方面对踏面滚动接触疲劳损伤的影响因素进行了总结,并进一步提出了减缓踏面滚动接触疲劳损伤的具体措施。此外,探讨了车轮踏面滚动接触疲劳损伤未来的研究方向。     

Mechatronic design of a self-balancing three-dimensional inertia wheel pendulum

In this paper a three-dimensional self-balancing cube is introduced. For stabilization and swing-up, reaction wheels are placed within the cube along with the actuation, electronics and sensors. This allows the cube to swing up from a rest position and to balance around the unstable steady-state positions. We conducted a design assessment to review different design approaches. For the most promising design, we formulated a parameter optimization to calculate the most suitable dimensions for the cube and the inertia elements. These results were used in the mechanical design stage to obtain the optimal design parameters for the cube in an iterative process. To show the effectiveness of the test bench we considered a proportional control law for swing-up and stabilization at the various steady state positions.     

新型胶轮机车运行方式在大坡度盾构隧道施工中的应用

在传统地铁隧道施工中,有轨机车为主要运输方式,近年来有少量项目采用多功能胶轮机车运送施工材料。本文依托莫斯科地铁第三换乘环线东段大直径盾构项目案例,介绍胶轮机车的结构特点、使用优势、弧面运行时的轮胎保护措施。实践证明,胶轮机车在地铁隧道施工中具有很好的技术经济性,改进后的运行方式使其在管片弧面运行时性能更稳定。     

组合轮径差对地铁车辆动力学性能的影响

为了研究各种轮径差组合形式对地铁车辆动力学性能的影响,基于车辆系统动力学和赫兹非线性接触理论,建立地铁动车非线性动力学模型,分析各种轮径差组合工况下地铁车辆的临界速度、平稳性、安全性和磨耗功率及其变化规律。结果表明:在多种轮径差组合工况下,轮径差增大会使地铁车辆的临界速度有较大幅度降低,会使地铁车辆的横向平稳性和磨耗功率明显增大;轮径差对地铁车辆的垂向平稳性、轮轴横向力、轮轨垂向力、脱轨系数和轮重减载率影响较小;通过左、右曲线时,轮径差对磨耗功率增幅的影响存在差异,但变化规律一致。     

钢制车轮轮辐旋压成形数值模拟和工艺参数优化

为指导车轮轮辐旋压成形工艺参数的选择，利用Simufact Forming对某款轻型客车的轮辐旋压过程进行有限元仿真，改进旋轮轨迹的确定方法，对比厚度仿真结果和实际加工结果，验证该仿真方法的有效性。在数值模拟的基础上，设计四因素三水平正交试验表，对工艺参数进行正交试验优化设计，得到一组针对该钢制车轮轮辐旋压成形的最优工艺参数。利用优化后的工艺参数进行轮辐旋压成形仿真，结果表明轮辐最大厚度偏差和最大等效应力都有所减少。     

Impacts to the chest of PMHSs – Influence of impact location and load distribution on chest response

The chest response of the human body has been studied for several load conditions, but is not well known in the case of steering wheel rim-to-chest impact in heavy goods vehicle frontal collisions. The aim of this study was to determine the response of the human chest in a set of simulated steering wheel impacts. PMHS tests were carried out and analysed. The steering wheel load pattern was represented by a rigid pendulum with a straight bar-shaped front. A crash test dummy chest calibration pendulum was utilised for comparison. In this study, a set of rigid bar impacts were directed at various heights of the chest, spanning approximately 120 mm around the fourth intercostal space. The impact energy was set below a level estimated to cause rib fracture. The analysed results consist of responses, evaluated with respect to differences in the impacting shape and impact heights on compression and viscous criteria chest injury responses. The results showed that the bar impacts consistently produced lesser scaled chest compressions than the hub; the Middle bar responses were around 90% of the hub responses. A superior bar impact provided lesser chest compression; the average response was 86% of the Middle bar response. For inferior bar impacts, the chest compression response was 116% of the chest compression in the middle. The damping properties of the chest caused the compression to decrease in the high speed bar impacts to 88% of that in low speed impacts. From the analysis it could be concluded that the bar impact shape provides lower chest criteria responses compared to the hub. Further, the bar responses are dependent on the impact location of the chest. Inertial and viscous effects of the upper body affect the responses. The results can be used to assess the responses of human substitutes such as anthropomorphic test devices and finite element human body models, which will benefit the development process of heavy goods vehicle safety systems.     

新时期的冷却液净化需求

正2016年已悄然而至,在这辞旧迎新的时刻,我代表Turbo全体同仁向所有客户及社会各界朋友致以诚挚问候和衷心感谢。新时期的冷却液净化需求没有变化,变化的是我们的应用环境。冷却液的净化需要满足以下需求:排除有害颗粒物,不能破坏冷却液,净化效果满足工艺需求,加工设备不会被污染,无可视杂质,可以承受净化设备成本。简单来说,在过去的几年里我们的应用环境发生了变化。新的时期,所有的磨削工艺都需要在高压下运行。随着加工效率被更多地关注,人们开始重视过滤