分子荧光法测定茶叶中的硒含量

硒是人体生活必须的微量元素之一,具有多种生物功能,可以促进抗体的合成,提高机体免疫力,解除有毒物质毒性的作用,人们愈来愈关注茶叶中硒元素对人体的益处。本文采用分子荧光法测定茶叶中硒含量,通过单因素试验确定最佳工艺条件:最佳的pH值范围为1. 5～2. 5,DAN溶液用量为5 m L时最好,最优水浴反应的时间为5 min,最佳的环己烷萃取量为6 m L。在此条件下对茶样消解测得每克茶叶中含有210 ng硒。     

复合保鲜剂对阿根廷鱿鱼中生物胺的控制作用

生物胺是一类具有生物活性、含氮的低分子质量有机化合物的总称。微量生物胺有利于人体健康,而当摄入生物胺过多时会引起毒性反应,产生中毒现象。本文研究ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐和百里香酚及其复合使用对阿根廷鱿鱼中主要生物胺的抑制效果,为水产品中生物胺控制提供理论依据。复合保鲜剂(0.025%ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐+0.025%百里香酚)能有效控制阿根廷鱿鱼中的生物胺,较单独使用0.05%ε-聚赖氨酸盐酸盐和0.05%百里香酚的抑制效果更好。整个贮藏期间,与对照组相比,复合保鲜剂组生物胺降低达到40%～60%,同时也能有效降低硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)、菌落总数(TVC),减缓鱿鱼肌肉颜色的变化,感官品质的下降和pH值的上升,从而延长鱿鱼的货架期。     

改性油菜秸秆吸附材料对Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附

以油菜秸秆粉末为原料,分别采用甲醛-硫酸、戊二醛-硫酸、过氧化氢对其改性,得到生物质吸附材料。利用原子吸收分光光度计测定吸附后Cu(Ⅱ)溶液的吸光度,得出由甲醛-硫酸、戊二醛-硫酸改性的油菜秸秆吸附效果相对更好。进而以戊二醛-硫酸改性后的油菜秸秆作吸附材料,改变实验条件,结果表明,在25℃、振荡20 min,其对Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附效果最好,达到95. 87%。     

温度对氩-甲烷体系气-液平衡性质影响的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学模拟方法,探讨了氩-甲烷二元混合物体系气-液平衡性质与温度之间的关系。模拟结果表明,气、液相主体中氩组分的摩尔分数,均随着温度的升高而降低。随着温度增加,气-液界面厚度增大,气-液界面张力减小,组分氩的表面过剩吸附量降低,相对挥发度减小。饱和汽体逸度与其相对应压力之间的偏差,随着温度的增大而增大。温度对液氩活度系数的影响不大。     

Advances in statistical mechanics of rock masses and its engineering applications

To efficiently link the continuum mechanics for rocks with the structural statistics of rock masses,a theoretical and methodological system called the statistical mechanics of rock masses(SMRM)was developed in the past three decades.In SMRM,equivalent continuum models of stressestrain relationship,strength and failure probability for jointed rock masses were established,which were based on the geometric probability models characterising the rock mass structure.This follows the statistical physics,the continuum mechanics,the fracture mechanics and the weakest link hypothesis.A general constitutive model and complete stressestrain models under compressive and shear conditions were also developed as the derivatives of the SMRM theory.An SMRM calculation system was then developed to provide fast and precise solutions for parameter estimations of rock masses,such as full-direction rock quality designation(RQD),elastic modulus,Coulomb compressive strength,rock mass quality rating,and Poisson’s ratio and shear strength.The constitutive equations involved in SMRM were integrated into a FLAC3D based numerical module to apply for engineering rock masses.It is also capable of analysing the complete deformation of rock masses and active reinforcement of engineering rock masses.Examples of engineering applications of SMRM were presented,including a rock mass at QBT hydropower station in northwestern China,a dam slope of Zongo II hydropower station in D.R.Congo,an open-pit mine in Dexing,China,an underground powerhouse of Jinping I hydropower station in southwestern China,and a typical circular tunnel in Lanzhou-Chongqing railway,China.These applications verified the reliability of the SMRM and demonstrated its applicability to broad engineering issues associated with jointed rock masses.     

6,7-二甲基-4-喹啉羧酸的合成

喹啉类化合物是一类重要的医药及农药中间体。目标化合物的合成方法目前无文献报道,以3,4-二甲基苯胺、水合氯醛和盐酸羟胺为起始原料,经酰胺化、环合、普菲青格反应和脱羧4步反应首次合成目标化合物,其结构经~1HNMR、~(13)CNMR和MS确证。路线具有原料廉价易得、反应条件温和、操作简单、后处理方便且收率较高等优点,适合工业化生产。     

手性硫脲-酰胺的合成及其在Michael加成反应中的应用

以3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基异硫氰酸酯、1,2-二胺和取代脯氨醛为原料,经过加成、还原氨化等反应,合成了一系列新型硫脲-酰胺有机小分子催化剂,利用~1HNMR、~(13)CNMR、IR、MS等手段对化合物结构进行了表征,并对其催化2,4-戊二酮对各种取代硝基烯烃的不对称Michael加成反应进行了研究。结果表明,以甲苯为溶剂,在催化剂用量为1 mol%的情况下,Michael加成产物具有较高的产率(最高95%)和对映选择性(最高e. e.91%)。     

桥梁墩顶起始段钢管支架反支点预压施工技术

文章从墩顶起始段钢管支架反支点预压技术的工艺原理、技术特点、施工工艺流程及操作要点以及机具设备、质量控制等方面,梳理了墩顶起始段钢管支架反支点预压施工的施工技术,供施工技术人员参考。     

Treatment Methods for the Quality Improvement of Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA)–A Review

For the purpose of providing references for further research and practical application about the quality improvement of RCA,in this paper,various treatment methods were firstly classified into four categories:removing old mortar (OM),strengthening OM,multi-stage mixing methods,and combination methods.Thereafter,the improvement mechanisms and important conclusions of various treatment methods were elucidated and summarised respectively.In the section of discussion,the improved effects as well as advantages and disadvantages of various treatment methods were compared and discussed respectively,and recommendations for the selection of treatment methods were proposed.Finally,the further research directions were pointed out,and an integrative programme on the quality improvement of RCA was recommended.