浅议水电工程场外交通公路索赔

索赔是减少施工单位成本损失的重要途径。由于大部分水电工程处于偏远山区,场外交通公路通行条件较差,且受地质灾害的影响较大,通常交通条件与招投阶段发生较大变化,给水电施工单位造成一定的损失,因此必须做好索赔工作。     

厌氧活性污泥PCR-DGGE图谱的优化

针对特种污泥PCR-DGGE图谱的优化一直是微生物分子生态学研究的重点.在反硝化抑制硫酸盐还原菌的研究中,研究厌氧硫酸盐还原污泥和反硝化污泥DNA的提取方法,应用通用引物958F/1401R扩增16S rDNA序列,探讨不同的退火温度对DGGE指纹图谱多样性影响,同时采用时间进程法对DGGE图谱进行优化.结果表明,采用PBS洗涤污泥和超声震荡有利于硫酸盐还原污泥DNA提取;采用958F/1401R为引物时,扩增片段大约500 bp,不同的退火温度对DGGE指纹图谱的多样性影响不显著;采用时间进程法可以很好地再现不同电泳阶段对样品的分离效果,最佳变性剂梯度为40%～60%,在130 V电压下,最佳电泳时间为5 h.     

Isolation and identification of a sulfate reducing bacteria and sequence analysis of its dissimilatory sulfite reductase gene

A sulfate reducing bacteria was isolated from mining sewage of Daqing Oilfield by Hungate anaerobic technology. Physiological-biochemical analysis showed that the strain could utilize polyacrylamide as sole carbon and nitrogen source. The sequence analysis of 16S rDNA illustrated that the similarity of F8 and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (AF192153) was 99%, and the similarity sequence of dissimilatory sulfite reductase gene (DSR) cloned from the strain and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (AF273034) was 98%. Their phylogenitic analysis was basically anastomosed, and thus temporarily named as Desulfovibrio desulfuricans F8. The DSR cloned from F8 strain was 2740 bp in length consisting of three ORF, DSRA, DSRB and DSRD as a single operon (DSRABD) regulated by the same operator. DSRA contained typical conservative box of sulfate—sulfite reducing enzyme (SiteⅠand SiteⅡ), which could bind siroheme and [Fe4S4]. DSRB retained a [Fe4S4] binding site, with an uncomplimentary structure for siroheme binding. There was no conservative box in DSRD. Sequence analysis of DSR will provide a theoretical basis for quantitative detection, metabolic pathway modification through gene engineering, and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) suppression.     

Denitrifying phosphorous removal in anaerobic/anoxic SBR system with different startup operation mode

To achieve stable and efficient nitrogen and phosphorus removal and to investigate the characteristics of the A/A SBR enriched with denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria(DPB),the whole course of startup was studied with two reactors operated in different mode.The reactor I was operated under anaerobic/settling/anoxic/settling mode,and the reactor II was operated under anaerobic/anoxic/settling mode.Differences between the two reactors in removal efficiency of COD,nitrogen and phosphorus were examined.The results indicated that efficient performance could be achieved in both reactors with different startup operation mode,while the phosphorus removal efficiency was improved sooner in reactor I than in reactor II,which suggested that reactor I would supply a more favorable condition for DPB proliferation.Meanwhile,it was observed that the amount of organic substrates consumption had a linear correlation to that of phosphorus release in anaerobic phase when DPB was accumulated in the A/A SBR denitrifying phosphorus removal system.     

油藏微生物群落结构的分子分析

利用PCR-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)技术考察本源微生物驱油前后,即营养剂注入前后微生物群落结构的变化.实验室模拟地层培养结果表明,在以N-1(主要成分为淀粉纤维素)为唯一营养剂、培养温度为48℃时,在有氧或厌氧务件下,24 h后原始水样中对驱油有利的本源茵便可以被激活,并随着培养时间的延长最终达到稳定.主要激活的对驱油有利的3种菌株为假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.)、梭状芽孢杆菌(Clostridium sp.)和烃类降解菌(Hydro-carbon seep bacterium).经分析,原始底层注入水中虽然含有对驱油不利的脱硫肠状菌属(Desul fotomaftculum salinum),但是在经N-1激活后的水样中均未发现该菌的存在,证明N-1不会激活原始水样中的脱硫肠状菌属.为营养体系的筛选、注入方案的优化设计和驱油效果评价提供了理论支撑.     

基于颜色传递和目标增强的夜视图像彩色融合

颜色传递是获得夜视图像自然彩色的一种方法,以红外和微光图像为研究对象,提出了一种基于颜色传递和目标增强的夜视图像彩色融合方法。首先结合红外和微光图像各自的特点,采用TNO法生成伪彩色融合图像(目标图像),很好地保留了图像的细节信息,然后选取一幅相近的参考图像,把目标图像和参考图像转换到YCbCr颜色空间进行各个通道一阶(均值)和二阶(标准差)统计量匹配的颜色传递,同时在Cr通道引入一个对比度增强因子来增强图像中的兴趣目标。实验结果表明,文中方法不仅使得夜视图像获得了如白天参考图像般自然、真实的色彩,而且提高了图像的细节,目标也更加突出,更有利于观察者对场景的理解。     

浅议我国产业园区的发展趋势及规划对策

从1951年在美国西海岸加州斯坦福大学建立世界上第一个科技工业园———斯坦福科学工业园开始,世界上已有各种名称和类型的产业园区1000多个。这些产业园区已经成为发展现代工业及高新技术产业的重要基地,对这些国家和地区乃至全世界的发展都不同程度地发展了重要推动作用。我国的产业园区建设在完成了第一次创业的要素聚集和数量扩张任务之后,已经进入了"第二次创业"的质量全面提高阶段,因此很有必要结合当今国际国内经济格局变动与我国产业园区建设状况进行总结,对于我国产业园区未来建设发展的对策进行探讨。     

混凝土外加剂生产线操作平台的设计

LabVIEW具有的其它软件无可伦比的优点使其被广泛的应用在开发测试、测量和控制系统中.本文采用LabVIEW软件来编写混凝土外加剂生产线操作平台.     

聚丙烯酰胺降解菌株分离及其系统发育分析

应用Hungate厌氧技术,从大庆油田采油五厂十三区聚合物配注站的母液罐中分离到一株聚丙烯酰胺降解菌株CMW,该菌株为G ,杆状,黑色圆形菌落,最适温度为38℃,最佳pH为7.8,具有硫酸盐还原功能,产H2S,严格厌氧.研究表明,该菌株能以聚丙烯酰胺为唯一碳源,降解侧链,部分官能团发生改变,质量浓度为500 mg/L时菌株具有较高的聚丙烯酰胺降解能力,其溶液黏度下降效果显著.通过形态、生理生化、16S rDNA以及16S~23S rDNA间隔区序列鉴定,可能为梭菌属的新种,暂时命名为Clostridium.sticklandiiCMW(GenBank登录号为DQ011249).16S rRNA基因序列较为保守更适合属间的鉴定,16S~23S rDNA间隔区序列包含tRNAIle和tRNAAla基因,更适合属内种间鉴定.     

电气石对好氧反硝化菌株反硝化特性的影响

用化学全分析、扫描电镜、Bruauer-Emmett-Teller法和粒度分析仪对内蒙赤峰电气石进行测试表征,研究了电气石对好氧反硝化菌株反硝化特性的影响.结果表明:电气石能够促进好氧反硝化菌株的生长繁殖,纯培养16 h后,细菌数量增加384%.电气石还可以增强好氧反硝化菌株的反硝化能力,与未投加电气石的相比较,NO-3-N,NO-2-N,化学需氧量的浓度降低,总氮去除率提高32.8%.电气石对菌液体系的氧化还原电位具有调控作用,可以使体系的氧化还原电位降低20%,这一作用可能是电气石提高好氧反硝化菌株反硝化能力的重要因素.