L边密度计稳定性监控及U、Pu测量

本文采用金属Zr片作为质控样品监控L边密度计的长期稳定性，在此基础上采用L边密度计测量系列水相U标准溶液和水相Pu标准溶液，绘制水相U工作曲线和水相Pu工作曲线，建立了L边密度计测量U、Pu的分析方法，并采用该工作曲线测量了系列U和Pu标准溶液。结果显示，该方法既可测量水相U、Pu，也可测量有机相U、Pu，对于10 g/L以上的U溶液，测量结果的相对偏差小于5%；对于5 g/L以上的Pu溶液，测量结果的相对偏差小于1.7%。以上结果表明，本文所建立的L边密度计测量U、Pu的方法准确度良好，可用于实际U、Pu的测量。     

TCS230传感器在彩色反射密度测量中的应用

介绍了TCS230颜色传感器的特性,结合印刷密度测量的特点,给出了TCS230传感器在彩色反射密度计设计中的使用方法及电路。实验证明,该电路能较好地满足测量需要,实现了彩色反射密度的测量,且在稳定性和精度上达到了设计要求,为TCS230颜色传感器的使用提供了应用实例。     

Slug frequency in high viscosity oil-gas two-phase flow: Experiment and prediction

The number of slug units that traverses a particular point at a given time within a defined pipe cross-section is known as slug frequency. The behaviour of this critical parameter for two-phase flow in high viscosity oils is significantly different from those of conventional oils (of less than 1 Pa s). In this experimental investigation, new data on slugging frequency in high viscosity oil-gas flow are reported. Scaled experiments were carried out using a mixture of air and mineral oil in a 17 m long horizontal pipe of 0.0762 m ID. A high-speed Gamma Densitometer of frequency of 250 Hz was used for data acquisition over a time interval of 30 s. For the range of flow conditions investigated, increase in oil viscosity was observed to strongly influence the slug frequency. Comparison of the present data with prediction models available in the literature revealed discrepancies. A new correlation incorporating the effect of viscosity on slug frequency has been proposed for horizontal flow. The proposed correlation will improve the prediction of slug frequency in high viscosity oils.     

A vibrating tube flow densitometer for measurements with corrosive solutions at temperatures up to 723 K and pressures up to 40 MPa

A new version of a vibrating tube flow densitometer has been designed permitting measurements of density differences between two fluids in the temperature range from 298 to 723 K and at pressures up to 40 MPa. The instrument is equipped with a Pt/Rh20 vibrating tube (1.6-mm o.d.) and a Pt/Rh10 transporting tube (1.2-mm o.d.) permitting measurements with highly corrosive liquids. The period of oscillation of the tube is about 7.5 ms, with a typical stability better than 10⁻⁴% over about a 1-h period over the entire temperature interval. The calibration constantK at room temperature is about 530 kg·m⁻³·ms⁻², with a temperature coefficient of approximately −0.13kg·m⁻³·ms⁻²·K⁻¹, and is practically pressure independent. It can be determined by calibration with a reproducibility generally better than 0.1%. The instrument was tested with NaCl(aq) solutions in the temperature range from 373 to 690 K for density differences between sample and reference liquid ranging from 200 to 2 kg·m⁻³; the corresponding errors are believed to be below 0.3 and 5%, respectively. A highly automated temperature control maintains the temperature of the tube stable to within ±0.02 K.     

Application of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system in prediction of fluid density for a gamma ray densitometer in petroleum products monitoring

This paper presents the application of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for prediction of fluid density in a previously designed and constructed gamma ray densitometer for pipes of various diameters and different fluids densities. The input parameters of the proposed ANFIS model are the pipe diameter and the number of the counted photons and the output is the density of the considered material. The required data for training and testing the ANFIS model has been obtained based on simulations using MCNP4C Monte Carlo code. A hybrid learning algorithm consists of back-propagation and least-squares estimation is used for training the proposed ANFIS model. Simulations for 4-in. polyethylene pipe had been validated with the experimental data previously. The proposed ANFIS model has achieved good agreement with the experimental results and has a small error between the estimated and experimental values. The obtained results show that the mean relative error percentage (MRE%) for training and testing data are less than 2.14% and 2.64%, respectively.     

^153Gd骨密度计源的研制

本文介绍了生产~(153)Gd骨密度计源的原理、工艺和结果。采用天然Eu_2O_3作靶材料,汞阴极电解法分离得的~(153)Gd,经压制、烧结法制成源芯体。源的活度>3.7×10~10Bq,放射性核纯度>99.99%。     

不同定量的纸张对印刷色彩再现的影响

在同一印刷条件下，对同一原稿使用定量分别为100g／m^2，157g／m^2，230g／m^2的纸进行印刷，用X—Rite密度计对其密度、网点进行测量，观察比较3种纸张对3原色油墨Y、M、C再现的色强度、色效率、色纯度以及印刷相对反差K值，得到以下结论：一般情况下定量高的纸张印刷适性良好。     

基于酒精度重建模型的摘酒技术研究

为提高摘酒酒精度,稳定基酒质量,达到分段摘酒的目的,该研究以酒精水溶液密度、温度、酒精体积分数关系为映射,利用最 小二乘法建立了基酒密度、酒精度和温度的最优模型,以音叉密度计监测基酒密度,通过模型转换为酒精度后,对比实测酒精度与 预测酒精度之间的差异,并在模型建立的基础上,设计了一种分段摘酒装置。 结果表明,所建模型预测平均差、平均相对误差分别在 1.36～2.84、2.2%～6.5%,无显著波动性差异,稳定性良好。 该模型配合分段摘酒装置,为白酒工业提供了一种摘酒技术手段,有利于 提升摘酒品质与产量。     

大豆脂肪氧化酶凝胶电泳分析研究

本文介绍利用SDS电泳、簿层等电聚焦电泳技术及激光光密度计扫描分析大豆脂肪氧化酶的方法,其中薄层等电聚焦电泳技术具有准确、快速、分辨率高的特点,并应用于53份大豆资源LOX同功酶缺失体的鉴定以及激光扫描定量测定酶带峰值面积,为在我国开展大豆脂肪氧化酶研究提供了鉴定技术。     

Enzymatic acyl modification of phosphatidylcholine using immobilized lipase and phospholipase A2

Ethanol‐soluble (ES) lecithin mainly contains phosphatidylcholine (PC). The incorporation of caprylic acid into PC using immobilized phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) and lipase was investigated. The Rhizomucor meihei lipase and the porcine pancreatic PLA₂ were immobilized on the hydrophobic resin Diaion HP‐20 and the modification was carried out in hexane as solvent. HPTLC with densitometer technique was successfully used for monitoring the production of structured phospholipids (PL) (ML‐type PC, MM‐type PC, and lysophosphatidylcholine; L: long‐chain fatty acid, M: medium‐chain fatty acid). The various parameters such as the effects of reaction temperature, enzyme loading, and the effect of molar proportion of substrate were studied in order to determine the optimum reaction conditions for the acidolysis reaction. The optimal operating conditions for the PLA₂‐catalyzed reaction were obtained as 50°C temperature, 50% (wt/wt of substrate) enzyme loading, and a 1:12 molar proportion of PC/caprylic acid. For the lipase‐catalyzed reaction, the optimized temperature was the same as for PLA₂, but the enzyme loading and molar proportion were slightly lower, i.e., 40 % w/w of substrate and 1:9 PC/caprylic acid, respectively. The effects of these parameters on the production of structured PL were compared. Under these optimal conditions, the ML‐type PC content was higher in the PLA₂‐catalyzed reaction, i.e., 45.29 mol%, and in the lipase‐catalyzed reaction it was 38.74 mol%.