姜黄素对运动大鼠血液、肝和心肌组织部分生化指标的影响

通过建立大鼠大强度跑台训练模型,测试了大鼠血红蛋白(Hb)含量、血清谷草转氨酶(SGOT)、谷丙转氨酶(SGPT)活性和血液、肝组织、心肌组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。旨在研究姜黄素对运动大鼠血液、肝组织和心肌组织自由基代谢的影响。结果表明,服用姜黄素可使大强度运动大鼠血清SGOT、SGPT活性显著性下降(p<0.05)、GSH-Px活性和CAT活性有显著性升高(p<0.05)、Hb含量显著性升高(p<0.05),MDA含量有显著性降低(P<0.05);心肌SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活性都显著升高(p<0.05);肝GSH-Px活性显著升高(p<0.05),MDA含量显著降低(p<0.05)。表明姜黄素能显著提高运动大鼠血液、肝脏和心肌组织抗自由基氧化的功能,对大强度运动造成的自由基损伤有明显的保护作用。     

覆盆子糖蛋白粗提物体内抗氧化作用研究

研究覆盆子糖蛋白粗提物对小鼠体内抗氧化作用.采用试剂盒测定小鼠血清、肝脏、脑中的丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性.实验结果表明:覆盆子糖蛋白粗提物可以提高受试小鼠血清、肝脏、脑中SOD、CAT及GSH-Px的活性,而降低这些组织中MDA的含量.说明覆盆子糖蛋白具有一定的抗氧化活性.     

徽州贡菊总黄酮对D半乳糖致衰老小鼠的抗氧化作用

目的:探讨徽州贡菊总黄酮对衰老小鼠抗氧化作用的影响。方法:D-半乳糖致衰老模型法,采用200、400、800mg/(kg·dbw)剂量的徽州贡菊总黄酮给小鼠灌胃,检测血清和肝中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和血清、肝及脑中的MDA含量。结果:与模型组比较,不同剂量组能显著提高血清和肝组织中SOD、GSH-Px、CAT、T-AOC活性,降低血清、肝脏和脑组织中MDA含量。结论:徽州贡菊总黄酮具有一定的抗氧化功能。     

五味子果汁对四氯化碳致大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

应用四氯化碳(CCl4)致大鼠急性肝损伤模型研究五味子果汁的护肝作用。实验各组大鼠灌胃相应实验样品,用生物化学法检测大鼠血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性,肝匀浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量,并观察肝组织光镜下病理变化。结果表明五味子果汁可以显著降低CCl4致急性肝损伤大鼠血清中AST和AKP的活性,增强大鼠肝组织匀浆中GHS-Px、SOD和CAT活力,显著降低MDA含量,与模型组相比各果汁组肝脏病理变化显著改善。证明五味子果汁对CCl4致大鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用,为五味子果汁在保健食品中的应用提供依据。     

千佛菌抗衰老作用实验研究

目的:观察千佛菌对衰老小鼠血清、脑、肝脏组织抗氧化系统的影响,探讨千佛菌抗衰老的作用机理.方法:采用腹腔注射D-半乳糖制备衰老小鼠模型,并以千佛菌100％浓度(大剂量)、50％(小剂量)浓度给小鼠灌胃治疗,六周后,处死动物.检测血清、脑、肝组织中SOD、GSH-Px、CAT的活性及MDA的含量.结果:千佛菌能显著提高血清、脑及肝组织中SOD、GSH-Px、CAT(p＜0.05)活性,降低血清、肝脏和脑组织中MDA(p＜0.01)含量.结论:千佛菌通过提高抗氧化酶活性,显著提高衰老小鼠的抗氧化能力,以大剂量疗效显著.     

玉竹糖蛋白体内抗氧化作用研究

目的研究玉竹糖蛋白粗提物的体内抗氧化作用。方法用石油醚提取玉竹糖蛋白,以高、中、低剂量饲喂小鼠,用试剂盒测定小鼠血清、肝脏、脑组织中的丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性。结果玉竹糖蛋白粗提物可提高受试小鼠血清、肝脏和脑中SOD、CAT及GSH-Px活性,降低这些组织中MDA含量。结论玉竹糖蛋白粗提物具有一定的抗氧化活性。     

玉竹糖蛋白体内抗氧化作用研究

目的 研究玉竹糖蛋白粗提物的体内抗氧化作用.方法 用石油醚提取玉竹糖蛋白,以高、中、低剂量饲喂小鼠,用试剂盒测定小鼠血清、肝脏、脑组织中的丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性.结果 玉竹糖蛋白粗提物可提高受试小鼠血清、肝脏和脑中SOD、CAT及GSH-Px活性,降低这些组织中MDA含量.结论 玉竹糖蛋白粗提物具有一定的抗氧化活性.     

辣木多肽对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠抗氧化功能的影响

探讨辣木多肽(MOPP)对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠抗氧化能力的影响。小鼠腹腔注射D-半乳糖(120mg/kg)建立衰老模型。建模成功后,分设正常组,D-半乳糖衰老组,维生素C组,MOPP低剂量(10 mg/kg)和高剂量(100 mg/kg)组。连续给药6周后,依试剂盒说明分别测定血清总抗氧化力(T-AOC),脑、心脏和肝脏及血清中超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD),过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT),谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(glutathioneperoxidase,GSH-Px)和丙二醛(malondiadehycle,MDA)水平。q RT-PCR法测定肝内Mn-SOD、Gu/Zn-SOD和CAT的m RNA表达。与衰老对照组相比,MOPP能分别有效提高衰老小鼠血清T-AOC能力(至13.73～17.98U/m L),及血清SOD(8.04～11.65 U/mg protein)、CAT(4.56～6.45 U/mg protein)和GSH-Px(7.28～10.65 U/mg protein)活性,并显著提升脑、心脏及肝组织中抗氧化物酶(SOD、CAT、GSH-Px)活力(p0.05)。同时,高浓度MOPP还能使血清、脑、心脏和肝组织中MDA水平显著降低43.6%,44.7%,31.4%和56.0%(p0.05)。此外,MOPP干预还能增强肝脏中SOD、CAT和GSH-Px的m RNA转录。本研究结果提示MOPP能明显提高D-半乳糖致老龄小鼠体内的抗氧化状态。     

奶山羊泌乳期乳房炎的氧化损伤与抗氧化能力变化

为探讨奶山羊泌乳期乳房炎的氧化损伤与抗氧化功能,实验测定了患病奶山羊血清和乳腺组织中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量.结果表明,患病奶山羊血清和乳腺组织中SOD、GSH-Px和CAT活性明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01),MDA含量明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01).患病奶山羊血清和乳腺组织中脂质过氧化物含量升高、抗氧化系统功能降低是乳腺组织细胞病理损伤的重要原因之一.     

黄秋葵果实粉对衰老模型小鼠抗氧化能力的影响

探讨黄秋葵果实粉(OFP)对D-半乳糖致衰老模型小鼠抗氧化能力的影响。以昆明种小鼠为研究对象,颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖造模。正常对照组、模型对照组饲喂基础饲料,实验组小鼠饲喂含受试物低、中、高剂量(32.00、64.00、128.00 g/kg)饲料,实验期56 d,测定血清和肝组织匀浆中超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶(GSHPx)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。D-半乳糖致衰小鼠SOD活性、GSH-Px活性和CAT活性均明显下降,MDA含量明显上升,与正常小鼠比较差异显著;饲喂不同剂量的黄秋葵果实粉后均能提高小鼠血清、肝脏组织中的SOD、GSH-Px和CAT活性,同时降低血清、肝脏组织中MDA含量。适量摄入黄秋葵果实粉能显著提高衰老小鼠的抗氧化能力,具有一定延缓衰老的作用。     

H9P2W15V3/C催化绿色合成对羟基苯甲酸丁酯

以活性碳为载体,通过浸渍法制备了H9P2W15V3/C催化剂,对催化剂进行Uv-Vis、FT-IR表征。以对羟基苯甲酸丁酯的合成反应为探针,考察了催化剂的催化性能。研究了磷钨钒杂多酸负载量、催化剂用量、醇酸比、反应时间和反应温度对反应的影响。通过单因素实验和正交实验确定了反应的最佳条件:杂多酸负载量为30%,催化剂用量8.7%(按反应体系总质量计算),醇酸摩尔比2∶1,反应时间3h,反应温度125℃,酯化率可达91.30%。催化重复使用5次,酯化率仍可达76.42%。     

L-乳酸高产菌株的诱变育种

对L-乳酸细菌(Lactobacillus casei FH2)进行诱变,得到产酸量高的突变株FH2-8-9,并与出发菌株FH2的性能进行比较,结果表明:①FH2-8-9的产酸速率明显高于FH2,且维持时间较长,具有更高的耗糖速率和糖转化率;②突变株FH2-8-9对乳酸的耐受性好,进入对数生长期的时间短,能保持更长的对数生长期,最终菌体浓度高于出发菌株FH2,FH2-8-9的菌体密度比FH2高55%.     

天然多功能抗氧化剂紫檀芪的合成

以3,5-二甲氧基苄溴和对硝基苯甲醛为原料,经Witting-Hornor反应、还原、重氮化、水解得到目标物,以53·9%的总产率合成了天然多功能抗氧化剂紫檀芪,并对目标物的结构采用IR、1H NMR和EI-MS进行了表征。此合成工艺简单,操作方便,生产成本低,具有较好的工业应用前景。     

云南甘蔗品种第12套区试勐海点评价

10个参试品种在勐海点进行了2年新植1年宿根试验,结果表明：比2对照种增产增糖10%以上的甘蔗品种为SP81-3250、SP80-3280、云蔗06-160、云瑞05-292。其中SP80-3280和云瑞05-292综合性状表现较好,中大茎种,建议加速扩大繁殖;SP81-3250茎较细,易受蚜虫为害;云蔗06-160茎细,易倒伏;云农04-14、C266-70综合性状表现较差,建议给予淘汰;其余品种建议继续试验观察。     

Genetic parameters of postnatal mortality in Danish Holstein calves

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters of postnatal mortality (PM) in dairy cattle. Data originated from 841,921 Danish Holstein calves. Four binary traits of mortality were considered: D1-14, D15-60, D61-180, and D1-180 with numbers indicating the period of risk in days after birth. The unadjusted frequency of D1-14, D15-60, D61-180, and D1-180 were 0.027, 0.018, 0.020, and 0.066, respectively. A linear sire-model was fitted to the data, and average information-REML was used to estimate (co)variance components. Estimates of direct heritabilities for the four mortality traits ranged from 0.001 to 0.008 but were all significant. D61-180 and D1-180 had the highest direct heritabilities. Maternal heritabilities were very low, ranging from 0.0002 to 0.0015 and significant for D1-14 and D1-180 only. The direct genetic correlation between D1-14 and D15-60, between D15-60 and D61-180, and between D1-14 and D61-180 was 0.73, 0.54, and 0.34, respectively. It indicates that different genes are responsible for early PM (D1-14) and late PM (D61-180). When D61-180 was treated as a different trait for females, males not transferred, and transferred males, the direct heritability was 0.004, 0.008, and 0.034, respectively, but the direct genetic correlations between these three traits were very high. If transfers of calves are getting more common, the importance of including PM in a breeding program will increase, as the genetic variation of PM was considerably higher for transferred calves than for calves that were not transferred.     

Measuring herbicide volatilization from bare soil

A field experiment was conducted to measure surface dissipation and volatilization of the herbicide triallate after application to bare soil using micrometeorological, chamber, and soil-loss methods. The volatilization rate was measured continuously for 6.5 days and the range in the daily peak values for the integrated horizontal flux method was from 32.4 (day 5) to 235.2 g ha(-1) d(-1) (day 1), for the theoretical profile shape method was from 31.5 to 213.0 g ha(-1) d(-1), and for the flux chamber was from 15.7 to 47.8 g ha(-1) d(-1). Soil samples were taken within 30 min after application and the measured mass of triallate was 8.75 kg ha(-1). The measured triallate mass in the soil at the end of the experiment was approximately 6 kg ha(-1). The triallate dissipation rate, obtained by soil sampling, was approximately 334 g ha(-1) d(-1) (98 g d(-1)) and the average rate of volatilization was 361 g ha(-1) d(-1). Soil sampling at the end of the experiment showed that approximately 31% (0.803 kg/2.56 kg) of the triallate mass was lost from the soil. Significant volatilization of triallate is possible when applied directly to the soil surface without incorporation.     

苹果酒香味成分与感官质量研究

采用相关分析、主成分分析对苹果酒的主要成分与感官质量的关系进行了研究。结果表明,苹果酒质量属性之间呈极显著正相关。酚类、酯类是影响苹果酒质量的主要风味物质。优质苹果酒的酚类、酯类指标是:咖啡酸含量大于12·5mg/L,香豆酸0·5~2·0mg/L,总酚含量在600~800mg/L之间;丁酸乙酯0·3~1·4mg/L,乳酸乙酯100~900mg/L,9-癸烯酸乙酯0·1~1·1mg/L,总酯30~500mg/L。     

Purification and characterization of extracellular 1,2-alpha-L-fucosidase from Bacillus cereus

Bacillus cereus isolated from a soil sample, inductively produced alpha-L-fucosidase in culture medium containing porcine gastric mucin (PGM). The production of the enzyme was also weakly induced by L-fucose and D-arabinose, but not by other sugars including glucose. The enzyme was purified 61-fold with an overall recovery of 1.8% from the culture fluid supplemented with PGM by ammonium sulfate precipitation, acetone fractionation, and subsequent column chromatography. The purified enzyme was found homogeneous by SDS-PAGE and its molecular mass was estimated to be approximately 196,000 kDa. Its optimum pH was 7.0 and it was stable in the pH range of 5.0 to 9.0. The enzyme hydrolyzed the alpha-(1-->2)-L-fucosidic linkage in oligosaccharides such as Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-4Glc (2'-fucosyllactose), Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-3GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose I), and the glycoprotein PGM. The enzyme was inactive on p-nitrophenyl alpha-L-fucoside, the alpha-(1-->3)-L-fucosidic linkages in Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose III) and orosomucoid, the alpha-(1-->4)-L-fucosidic linkage in Galbeta1-3(Fucalpha1-4)GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose II), and the alpha-(1-->6)-L-fucosidic linkage in thyroglobulin.     

新疆哈族奶酪中产蛋白酶非发酵剂乳酸菌的筛选及其系统发育分析

以采集10份新疆塔城地区哈萨克族牧民自制的奶酪为原料,用改良的ROGOSA和MRS两种培养基对其分离纯化,共筛选出43株菌种,其中球菌32株,杆菌11株。对筛选出的菌株进行产蛋白酶和菌株自溶能力测定,结合生理生化特性和16S rDNA序列同源分析和建立系统发育树分析,对挑选出的10株优势菌进行了菌株分子生物学鉴定,鉴定结果表明：菌株R6-6自溶度最高,为42.32%;而自溶度最低的菌株为R4-4,达到6.21%;菌株R2-2、R4-2、R4-7为表皮葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus epidermidis）;菌株R3-5、R10-6为乳酸片球菌（Pediococcus acidilactici）;菌株R3-2为戊糖片球菌（Pediococcus pentosaceus）;菌株R6-6为干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus casei）;菌株R9-5、R9-6为鼠李糖乳杆菌（Lactobacillus rhamnosus）。其中产蛋白酶的最优势非发酵剂乳酸菌（NSLAB）菌株为乳酸片球菌（P. acidilactici）。     

抗癌药物拉帕替尼两个杂质的合成

目的合成抗癌药物拉帕替尼的两个杂质。方法以N-[3-氯-4-[(3-氟苄基)氧基]苯基]-6-碘喹唑啉-4-胺为起始原料,经Suzuki偶联反应,得到N-[3-氯-4-[(3-氟苄基)氧基]苯基]-6-[(5-甲酰基)呋喃-2-基]-4-喹唑啉胺,直接与还原剂NaBH(OAc)3反应,得到特定杂质N-[3-氯-4-[(3-氟苄基)氧基]苯基]-6-(5-羟甲基呋喃-2-基)-4-喹唑啉胺;起始原料经Suzuki反应后,与2-甲砜基乙胺反应,在NaBH(OAc)3作用下得粗品,经制备液相分离,得到另一特定杂质双[[5-[4-[[3-氯-4-[(3-氟苄基)氧基]苯基]氨基]喹唑啉-6-基]呋喃-2-基]甲基][2-(甲磺酰基)乙基]胺。结果两个目标物经质谱(MS),核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)确证其化学结构。结论合成的两个杂质可作为拉帕替尼质量控制对照品,本工艺操作可行,原料易得。