新型二维电子气Si/N~+α-Si:H异质结双极型晶体管

<正> 本文报道一种新型二维电子气异质结双极型晶体管(2DEG HBT)的实验结果。所谓2DEG HBT指的是采用宽禁带发射极材料的异质结双极型晶体管(HBT),由于发射结导带差等原因在异质结界面处形成二维电子气层,从而降低了对异质结界面态的要求,实现使用常规工艺来制作宽禁带发射极异质结晶体管。目前这一工作主要在硅材料上进行,利用重掺杂N型氢化非晶硅(N~+a-Si:H)作宽禁带发射极材料,在单晶硅上制作2DEG HBT。实验样管电流增益h_(FE)=120(V_(CE)5V,I_C=80mA),基区电阻5kΩ/□,表面浓度1.8×10~(18)cm~(-3)。     

GaAlAs/GaAs宽禁带发射极异质结微波双极型晶体管的设计制造和性能

本文比较详细地叙述了GaAlAs/GaAs宽禁带发射极异质结微波双极型晶体管的设计原理、制作工艺和实验结果。在叙述原理时着重于与Si微波功率管的对比,并将实验结果和理论值进行了对比和分析,指出了进一步改进高频性能的途径。已经得到的初步实验结果为:击穿电压BV_(ceo)=80V,l_(cmax)=200mA(发射结面积为A_B=2×10~(-4)cm~2),电流增益h(fe)=20～300,最大振荡频率f_(max)=1.2GHz,特征频率f_T=2.0GHz(V_(ce)=20V,I_c=20mA),实测到的温度-电流增益h_(fe)曲线说明晶体管的工作温度可高达350℃。     

最高振荡频率f_(max)≥40GHz的异质结双极晶体管

据报导,日本电电通讯研究所试制成一种f_(max)可达40GHz以上的异质结双极晶体管.这种双极晶体管的结构是:采用分子束外延法形成5层结构,即n~+GaAs-NAlGaAs-P~+GaAs-nGaAs-n~+GaAs.形成这5层之后,进行Si_3N_4掩模,并通过腐蚀露出P~+GaAs的表面,再形成基区电极.接着,通过腐蚀电极金属,露出发射极,并形成发射极和集电极.器件的电流增益为20dB,高频特性的测量结果是:f_(max)=14GHz,通过改善发射极电阻,f_(max)可以达到40GHz以上.     

选择离子注入集电极技术研究

为提高超高速双极晶体管的电流增益 ,降低大电流下基区扩展效应对器件的影响 ,将选择离子注入集电区技术 (SIC)应用于双层多晶硅发射极晶体管中。扩展电阻的测试结果显示出注入的 P离子基本上集中在集电区的位置 ,对发射区和基区未造成显著影响。电学特性测量结果表明 ,经过离子注入的多晶硅发射极晶体管的电流增益和最大电流增益对应的集电极电流明显高于未经离子注入的晶体管。因此 ,在双层多晶硅晶体管中采用 SIC技术 ,有效地降低了基区的扩展效应 ,提高了器件的电学特性。     

用氧化镉(CdO)做宽发射区的磷化铟平面型扩散晶体管

本文提出了一种新型的异质结双极型晶体管.该管的收集区和基区由磷化铟材料做成.和硅平面晶体管类似,管子的基区采用一般的氧化层(Al_2O_3)掩蔽扩散工艺(在这里是锌扩散).而管子的发射区则采用溅射氧化镉簿层的方法形成,因而管子的结构是平面型的.氧化镉是一种宽禁带(Eg=2.3eV)的N型半导体.氧化镉和磷化铟组成了晶体管的宽发射极.本文介绍了制管工艺.给出并分析了晶体管的伏一安特性.初步结果是:晶体管共发射极电流增益h_f_a=10(I_C=50mA,V_(cr)=15V).发射极一收集极间的击穿电压BV_(CED)=30V.这种晶体管及其工艺为InGaASP/InP器件及其光电集成制作提供了一条可能的新途径.     

f_T为75GHz的SiGe基区异质结双极晶体管

报道了具有最高单位电流增益截止频率(f_T)的Si异质结双极晶体管(HBT)的制作。器件的f_T值达75GHz,集电极-基极偏压1V,本征基区层电阻(R_(bi))17kΩ/□,发射极宽0.9μm。该器件用SiGe作基底材料,采用多发射极双极工艺制作,其75GHz的性能指标几乎比Si双极晶体管的速度提高一倍。45nm基区中的Ge是缓变的,这样就产生了约为20kV/cm的漂移电场,因而本征渡越时间仅为1.9ps。     

162GHz自对准InP/InGaAs异质结双极型晶体管

报道了发射极自对准的InP基异质结双极型晶体管.在集电极电流Ic=34.2mA的条件下,发射极面积为0.8μm×12μm的InP HBT截止频率fT为162GHz,最大振荡频率fmax为52GHz,最大直流增益为120,偏移电压为0.10V,击穿电压BVCEO达到3.8V(Ic=0.1μA).这种器件非常适合在高速低功耗方面的应用,例如OEIC接收机以及模拟数字转换器.     

A 162GHz Self-Aligned InP/InGaAs Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor

报道了发射极自对准的InP基异质结双极型晶体管.在集电极电流Ic=34.2mA的条件下,发射极面积为0.8μm×12μm的InP HBT截止频率fT为162GHz,最大振荡频率fmax为52GHz,最大直流增益为120,偏移电压为0.10V,击穿电压BVCEO达到3.8V(Ic=0.1μA).这种器件非常适合在高速低功耗方面的应用,例如OEIC接收机以及模拟数字转换器.     

发射极-基极-发射极结构PNP型AlGaAs/GaAsHBT电流增益的理论分析

建立了 PNP型异质结双极晶体管基区少数载流子浓度的解析模型 .理论分析了发射极 -基极 -发射极布局的PNP型 HBT的电流增益 .讨论了不同基极电流成分 ,如外基区表面复合电流 ,基极接触处的界面复合电流 ,基区体内复合电流 ,以及刻蚀台面处的台面复合电流对电流增益的影响     

发射极-基极-发射极结构PNP型AlGaAs/GaAs HBT电流增益的理论分析

建立了PNP型异质结双极晶体管基区少数载流子浓度的解析模型.理论分析了发射极-基极-发射极布局的PNP型HBT的电流增益.讨论了不同基极电流成分,如外基区表面复合电流,基极接触处的界面复合电流,基区体内复合电流,以及刻蚀台面处的台面复合电流对电流增益的影响.     

Technology innovation and process integrations for sub-100nm gate patterning

This paper presents a brief overview of the Applied Centura(R)DPS(R)system,configured with silicon etch DPS Ⅱ chamber, with emphasis on discussing tuning capability for CD uniformity control. It also presents the studies of etch process chemistry and film integration impact for an overall successful gate patterning development. Discussions will focus on resolutions to key issues, such as CD uniformity, line-edge roughness, and multilayer film etching integration.     

White organic light-emitting devices based on fac tris（2- phenylpyridine） iridium sensitized 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnap -hthacene

We have fabricated the white organic light-emitting devices （WOLEDs） based on 4,4＇ -bis（2,2 -diphenyl vinyl）-1,1＇ - biphenyl （DPVBi） and phosphorescence sensitized 5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene （rubrene）. The device structure is ITO/2T-NATA （20 nm）/NPBX （20 nm）/CBP： x%Ir（ppy）3：0.5% rubrene （8 nm）/NPBX （5 nm）/DPVBi （30 nm）/Alq（30 nm）/LiF（0.5 nm）/A1. In the devices, DPVBi acts as a blue light-emitting layer, the rubrene is sensitized by a phosphorescent material, fac tris （2-phenylpyridine） iridium [Ir（ppy）3], acts as a yellow light-emitting layer, and N,N＇ -bis- （1-naphthyl）- N,N＇ -diphenyl -1, 1＇ -biphenyl-4,4＇ -diamine （NPBX） acts as a hole transporting and exciton blocker layer, respectively. When the concentration of Ir （PPY）3 is 6wt%, the maximum luminance is 24960 cd/m^2 at an applied voltage of 15 V, and the maximum luminous efficiency is 5.17 cd/A at an applied voltage of 8 V.     

Complete approach to automatic identification and subpixel center location for ellipse feature

To meet the need of automatic image features extraction with high precision in visual inspection, a complete approach to automatic identification and sub-pixel center location for similar-ellipse feature is proposed. In the method, the feature area is identified automatically based on the edge attribute, and the sub-pixel center location is accomplished with the leastsquare algorithm. It shows that the method is valid, practical, and has high precision by experiment. Meanwhile this method can meet the need of instrumentation of visual inspection because of easy realization and without man-machine interaction.     

小角度扩展相关性近似算法分析

本论文提出一种在多天线MIMO信道相关性建模中小角度扩展近似理论算法,并应用于分析MIMO系统性能。分析中分别对三种不同角能量分布情况下的空间相关性研发快速近似计算法,并同时提出双模(Bi-Modal)角能量分布情况下的近似运算。通过分析这些新方法的近似效率,可以得到计算简单、复杂度低、而且符合实际的MIMO相关信道矩阵,对系统级的快速高效计算法的研究和系统级的评估以及误差分析具有重要的意义。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

A Versatile Mixed-Signal Pin Approach for Cost-Effective Test of Automotive ICs

Integrated circuits (ICs) intended for increasingly sophisticated automotive applications bring unique test demands. Advanced ICs for applications such as highly integrated automatic braking system (ABS) and airbag controllers combine high voltage digital channels, significant VI demands and precise timing capability. Along with continued missioncritical reliability concerns, the trend toward higher voltage operation and increased device integration requires specialized test capabilities able to extend across the wide operating ranges found in automotive applications. Among these capabilities, automotive test requirements increasingly dictate a need for a cost-effective versatile mixed-signal pin electronics with very high data rates reaching up to 50MHz with a voltage swing of-2 V to +28 V.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

Optical vibration and deviation measurement of rotating machine parts

It is of interest to get appropriate information about the dynamic behaviour of rotating machinery parts in service. This paper presents an approach of optical vibration and deviation measurement of such parts. Essential of this method is an image derotator combined with a high speed camera or a laser doppler vibrometer （LDV）.