聚丙烯/聚乙二醇改性蒙脱土纳米复合材料的力学和流变性能

通过熔融插层法制备了聚丙烯/蒙脱土(PP/MMT)纳米复合材料。利用X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜表征了PP/MMT纳米复合材料的插层结构。XRD结果表明,经过聚乙二醇(PEG)处理的蒙脱土层间距增大;透射电镜(TEM)照片显示,蒙脱土在PP基体中达到纳米级分散,且分散均匀。PP/MMT纳米复合材料力学性能得到较大提高。加入5份改性MMT时,复合材料的缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率分别从纯PP的3.93kJ/m2、74.46%提高到9.95kJ/m2、220.66%。动态流变性能测试结果表明,MMT的加入降低了PP的复数黏度(η*)、储能模量(G′)和耗能模量(G″)。     

聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合包装材料的制备与力学性能研究

采用熔融插层法在双螺杆挤出机中制备了聚丙烯(PP)/蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料,纳米复合材料机械性能测试结果表明,当有机蒙脱土(MMT)质量比为2%时,复合材料的综合力学性能明显优于聚丙烯(PP).扫描电镜观测不到纳米复合材料中明显的有机-无机相畴,表明蒙脱土(MMT)片层分散均匀,分散尺度已基本达到纳米级.     

原位聚合制备聚乙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料

首先用乳液聚合法得到聚苯乙烯丙烯腈共聚物改性的蒙脱土，然后利用蒙脱土片层上的羟基和聚合物链上的极性官能团负载茂金属催化剂并通过原住聚合法制得聚乙烯／蒙脱土(PE／MMT)蚋米复合材料。XRD和TEM电镜分析结果表明蒙脱土在聚乙烯基体中呈蚋米级分散。DSC分析结果表明，复合材料的熔点比纯PE高2℃～5℃，DMA分析结果表明，复合材料的储能模量较纯聚乙烯有较大辐度的增长。     

PP-g-MAH/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备和性能

采用熔融插层法成功制备了接枝物(PP—g—MAH)／有机蒙脱土(Org—MMT)纳米复合材料，用X射线衍射法检测了复合材料的层间距、微晶尺寸和晶胞参数的变化，并考察了纳米复合材料的力学性能。结果发现，对于PP—g—MAH／Org—MMT=100：20的复合材料，接枝物大分子链难以插层进入有机蒙脱土片层间。增大PP—g—MAH／Org—MMT比例，接枝物大分子链能插层进入有机蒙脱土片层，形成插层型纳米复合材料。PP—g—MAH／Org—MMT=100：10时，PP—g—MAH／Org—MMT复合材料110、040、041等晶面垂直于反射方向的微晶尺寸出现最小值．且可获得较好的力学性能．说明选择适当的接枝物／有机蒙脱土比例可降低聚丙烯的微晶尺寸，改善力学性能．但对复合材料晶胞参数的影响较小。     

醋酸纤维素/蒙脱土生物纳米复合材料的结构与力学性能

采用熔融插层法在聚乙二醇的增塑作用下制备了醋酸纤维素/蒙脱土(CA/MMT)生物纳米复合材料。利用X射线衍射和透射电镜表征了CA/MMT纳米复合材料的插层结构。X射线衍射结果表明,复合后蒙脱土的层间距增大;透射电镜照片显示,蒙脱土在CA基体中达到纳米级分散,且分散均匀。CA/MMT纳米复合材料的力学性能得到较大提高,加入5 phr有机蒙脱土时,复合材料的拉伸强度从纯增塑CA的38.8 MPa增到48.2 MPa。动态力学测试表明复合材料的储能模量增大,玻璃化转变温度提高。     

蒙脱土改性聚丙烯纳米复合材料研究进展

介绍了蒙脱土(MMT)的特性以及MMT改性聚丙烯(PP)的机理,综述了近几年经MMT改性后的PP纳米复合材料在力学性能、结晶性能以及热性能等方面的研究进展,并展望了其发展前景。     

PP/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及剪切粘度

应用双螺杆挤出机熔融插层制备出PP／蒙脱土纳米复合材料，X射线衍射表明，PP高分子链已插层进入有机蒙脱土片层之间。应用两种不同缝隙厚度的窄缝流变仪对PP及PP／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的剪切粘度及影响因素进行了研究。结果表明，PP／蒙脱土纳米复合材料为剪切变稀性流体。在190℃和210℃温度下，PP／蒙脱土纳米复合材料呈现类固体的非牛顿流体行为，剪切粘度随着剪切速率的升高逐渐降低。在230℃和剪切速率小于80s^-1的情况下，PP／蒙脱土纳米复合材料呈现类牛顿性流体行为。温度较高时,蒙脱土的含量对复合材料的剪切粘度的影响较为明显。     

马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯对聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的影响

研究了相容剂马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯对聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料(PP/MM T)的影响,它不仅显著改善了PP与蒙脱土的界面相容性,使复合材料力学性能显著提高,而且改善了复合材料的加工流动性。PP的断裂方式属典型的脆性断裂,含有马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯的PP/MM T断裂方式属韧性断裂。蒙脱土在聚丙烯结晶时起成核剂的作用,提高了PP/MM T纳米复合材料的结晶速率。相容剂使得有机蒙脱土对PP的成核作用更加明显。     

PMAA/MMT及PMAA/MMT/SiO_2纳米复合材料的结构与性能研究

采用原位插层聚合法制备了聚甲基丙烯酸/蒙脱土(PMAA/MMT)纳米复合材料和聚甲基丙烯酸/蒙脱土/二氧化硅(PMAA/MMT/SiO2)纳米复合材料,并比较两种纳米复合材料的结构与性能。研究结果表明,PMAA/MMT纳米复合材料属于插层与剥离共存型纳米复合材料。PMAA/MMT/SiO2纳米复合材料中蒙脱土的特征衍射峰已经消失,蒙脱土与二氧化硅均匀分散在聚合物基体中。PMAA/MMT及PMAA/MMT/SiO2纳米复合材料均有一定的鞣制性能,但相对而言PMAA/MMT/SiO2纳米复合材料的鞣制效果较好。     

蒙脱土改性尼龙6性能的研究

采用熔融插层法,通过双螺杆熔融挤出制备尼龙6(PA6)/蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料,测定其拉伸强度和模量、弯曲强度和模量、冲击强度等性能.结果表明,当复合材料中蒙脱土质量分数为2%时得到的PA6/MMT复合材料综合力学性能最佳.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

中国质量(北京)大会(英文)

正Themed on"quality,innovation,development",the first China Quality Conference(Beijing)was held in the Great Hall of the People on September 15.Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivered an important speech at the conference.State Councilor Yang Jing and Wang Yong attended the conference with over 600 domestic and international representatives from foreign,regional and international quality organizations     

National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization

正The National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization was held in Beijing on July 15,2014.Wang Min,the Deputy-Minister of the Ministry of Land and Resources,and Yin Minghan,the Chief-Engineer of SAC addressed the meeting.Representatives from relevant competent departments and technical committees were present.The meeting aims to summarize work,discuss existing problems and make clear working thoughts,promoting standardization work of land and resources to a new level.Wang Min pointed out that the standardization work of land and resources should be centered on the basic principles of"protecting land and resources dutifully,intensively and economically utilizing land and resources,and making all-out efforts to safeguard the public’s rights and interests",highlighted the