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1关于强制性标准和推荐性标准1988年12月29日,全国人大常委会通过的《中华人民共和国标准化法》第二章第七条规定:"国家标准、行业标准分为强制性标准和推荐性标准。保障人体健康,人身、财产安全的标准和法律、行政法规规定强制执行的标准是强制性标准,其他标准是推荐性标准。省、自 相似文献
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日本的稻米标准经过100多年的发展和完善,逐步形成了较为合理的以标准品为参照的标准体系,包括理化标准、食味标准和安全卫生标准。预计今后日本的稻米标准将会在食味标准和农药残留标准等方面有新的变化。 相似文献
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《中华人民共和国标准化法》的颁布距今已有12年,它对我国企业管理水平和产品质量的提高发挥了重要作用。然而其中部分内容已不适合社会主义市场经济的发展和我国即将"入世"的要求。为此,建议对《标准化法》进行修改。 1 标准的分类和内容 《标准化法》规定,我国标准体制由国家标准、行业标准、地方标准、企业标准等四级标准构成。但它们是两种不同类型的标准。国家标准、行业标准、地方标准是由政府为了国家和社会利益而出资制定和颁发的,这种具有政府性质的标准,不妨称之为政府标准。企业标准是企业为了本企业利益而制定和颁发的。政… 相似文献
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纺织品防紫外线性能的检测标准近况 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
简要介绍了提高纺织品抗紫外线性能的四种途径,详述了纺织品防紫外线性能检测标准,包括澳大利亚和新西兰标准、欧洲标准、美国标准、中国标准和国际抗紫外线测试协会标准,并对各标准间的差异进行了比较. 相似文献
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中国食品安全标准体系的问题及对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
食品安全标准对保障消费者身体健康和生命安全,提升政府食品监管能力,规范和引导食品生产者和经营者行为具有重要的意义。本文从纵向和横向两个方面阐述当前我国食品安全标准的现状,从食品安全标准的法律地位、制定主体和当前的食品监管形势等方面出发指出我国食品安全标准体系存在的问题,通过完善食品安全标准的内容,明确食品安全的制定主体,引进企业标准等手段来构建完善的食品安全标准体系。 相似文献
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我国的污染物基础标准与国际食品法典的污染物通用标准的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从标准涉及的污染物种类、食品类别和限量值3个方面来对比我国污染物基础标准与国际食品法典委员会(CAC)制定的污染物通用标准的异同,为我国污染物基础标准体系的完善提供参考.我国基础标准涉及污染物种类20种,CAC标准为15种,二者相同的污染物种类为8种;我国标准涉及的食品种类多于CAC标准;在可比指标范围内,我国有19个... 相似文献
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Figueroa-González I Quijano G Ramírez G Cruz-Guerrero A 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2011,91(8):1341-1348
Owing to their health benefits, probiotics and prebiotics are nowadays widely used in yogurts and fermented milks, which are leader products of functional foods worldwide. The world market for functional foods has grown rapidly in the last three decades, with an estimated size in 2003 of ca US$ 33 billion, while the European market estimation exceeded US$ 2 billion in the same year. However, the production of probiotics and prebiotics at industrial scale faces several challenges, including the search for economical and abundant raw materials for prebiotic production, the low-cost production of probiotics and the improvement of probiotic viability after storage or during the manufacturing process of the functional food. In this review, functional foods based on probiotics and prebiotics are introduced as a key biotechnological field with tremendous potential for innovation. A concise state of the art addressing the fundamentals and challenges for the development of new probiotic- and prebiotic-based foods is presented, the niches for future research being clearly identified and discussed. 相似文献
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常用消毒灭菌法及其机理与应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了采用消毒灭菌方法,有加热消毒法,紫外线辐射法和化学药剂消毒法。常用化学药剂有醛类、含氯消毒剂、醇类消毒剂以及高锰酸钾、生石灰等,阐释了消毒与灭菌两个概念的区别。 相似文献
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The objectives of the current study were to investigate the relationship between body condition score (BCS) and dairy form and changes in genetic parameters for BCS and dairy form within and across lactations and age. Body condition score and dairy form were obtained from the Holstein Association USA, Inc. Records were edited to include those cows classified between 24 and 60 mo of age and between 0 and 335 d in milk (DIM). A minimum of 20 daughters per sire and 15 cows per herd-classification visit were required. The dataset consisted of 135,178 records from 119,215 cows. Repeatability, multiple trait, and random regression models were used to analyze the data. All models included fixed effects for herd-classification visit, age within lactations 1, 2, and 3 or higher, and 5th-order polynomials for DIM. Random effects included sire and permanent environment for all models. Random regression models included age at classification nested within sire or DIM and lactation number nested within sire. Genetic variance for both BCS and dairy form was lowest in early lactation and highest in midlactation. Genetic correlations within and across lactations were high. The genetic correlation between DIM 0 in lactation 1 and DIM 305 in lactation 3 was estimated to be 0.77 for BCS and 0.60 for dairy form. The genetic correlation estimate between 30 mo of age at classification and 50 mo of age at classification was 0.94 for both dairy form and BCS. The repeatability models appeared to generate accurate evaluations for BCS or dairy form at all ages and stages of lactation. 相似文献
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