四种谷物中多酚含量的测定及抗氧化特性研究

对玉米、燕麦、小麦、糙米四种全粒谷物中的多酚物质(可溶性多酚、不溶性多酚、阿魏酸、黄酮等)含量进行测定,并对提取物的抗氧化特性进行研究。结果表明:总酚含量最高的是玉米(49.13±3.39mg/100g),其次是糙米(23.49±3.37mg/100g)和小麦(18.60±3.52mg/100g),燕麦中总酚含量最少(13.92±4.56mg/100g);谷物中多酚主要以结合形式存在(玉米95.54%,糙米90.76%,小麦89.46%,燕麦86.85%);阿魏酸是主要的多酚物质,且可溶性和不溶性阿魏酸的比例为玉米1∶34、糙米1∶33、小麦1∶17、燕麦1∶5;玉米不溶性提取物清除O2-能力最高(95.01%±2.25%),该提取物抗油脂氧化能力也最高(POV=34.23±2.61mmol/kg)。     

碱解小麦麦麸制备阿魏酸的工艺条件研究

研究以小麦麸皮为原料碱解制备阿魏酸的工艺条件.用淀粉酶和蛋白酶酶解除去麦麸中的淀粉和蛋白质,氢氧化钠碱解制得阿魏酸,并以阿魏酸量为考察指标通过正交试验确定碱解麦麸制备阿魏酸的最佳工艺条件.试验结果表明:酶解50 g麦麸,两种酶的最佳用量分别为:耐高温α-淀粉酶0.45 g,中性蛋白酶0.5 g;碱解麦麸制备阿魏酸的最佳工艺条件:氢氧化钠浓度1%,碱解温度85℃,碱解时间4 h;在此条件下水解50 g麦麸可获得406.2 mg阿魏酸.此工艺条件可用于小麦麦麸制备阿魏酸.     

地参结合酚提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶和胰脂肪酶的抑制作用

目的:探讨地参结合酚提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶和胰脂肪酶活性的抑制作用。方法:采用X-5大孔树脂纯化地参结合酚提取物,并用Folin-酚法测定地参结合酚提取物酚含量;同时,采用HPLC对地参结合酚提取物的组成进行分析;以抑制率为考察指标,测定地参结合酚提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶和胰脂肪酶活性的抑制作用。结果:地参结合酚提取物酚含量为155.55~164.95 μg GAE/mg,主要的酚类化合物单体为咖啡酸(40.67~72.18 μg/mg EDW)和迷迭香酸(22.01~46.22 μg/mg EDW);抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶和胰脂肪酶的IC₅₀值范围分别为2.0275~3.7538和1.4438~3.1030 mg/mL。结论:地参结合酚提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶和胰脂肪酶抑制剂具有显著的抑制作用,可作为α-葡萄糖苷酶和胰脂肪酶抑制剂。     

老山芹不同溶剂提取物的活性成分及其促进细胞生长活性

为研究老山芹不同溶剂提取物的活性功能,本研究老山芹为原料,比较了不同溶剂提取物的活性成分和抗氧化效果,以及不同溶剂提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的影响,并对适宜条件下不同溶剂提取物对HepG2和panc-1细胞的影响进行研究。试验结果表明:随着浓度的增加两种酶抑制率而不断增大,并得出两种酶抑制率的IC50值,碱提取条件下α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的IC50最小,分别为0.47 mg/mL、2.17 mg/mL。四种溶剂提取物中多糖含量最高的是碱提取,含量为58.09 mg/g;总酚含量最高的是醇提物,含量为11.48 mg/g;黄酮含量最高的是醇提物,含量为3.96 mg/g,并且四种提取物中醇提物的抗氧化活性最高,酸提物抗氧化活性最低。四种溶剂提取物在低浓度条件下,均能促进HepG2和panc-1细胞的增长,随着浓度的增加HepG2和panc-1细胞存活率均呈不同程度的下降,提取物在高浓度条件下对细胞有抑制作用。     

苯丙氨酸-肌酐模型反应体系中甘蔗糖蜜酚酸单体对PhIP的抑制作用

该研究探讨了模型反应体系中甘蔗糖蜜含有的阿魏酸和香草酸对2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基-咪唑[4,5-b]吡啶(Ph IP)的抑制作用。实验通过糖蜜净化处理方法去除糖蜜中的胶体、灰分和重金属等物质,得到糖蜜粗提物,建立没食子酸标准曲线,测定糖蜜提取物中多酚含量。通过UPLC-MS对糖蜜提取物进行分析,确定糖蜜提取物中含有的酚酸种类。将酚酸单体分别加入到模型反应(苯丙氨酸和肌酐)体系中,用UPLC-MS系统分析模型反应中Ph IP的变化。结果发现,糖蜜提取物中多酚含量多达3.58 mg/g,通过和酚酸标准品对照,发现糖蜜提取物中含有阿魏酸和香草酸。在模型反应体系中,随着阿魏酸和香草酸浓度的增加,模型反应中苯丙氨酸含量和Ph IP的生成量均先逐渐减少后趋于平稳,当阿魏酸溶液浓度达到2.33×10-7 g/m L时,对Ph IP的抑制效果最佳,总体抑制率为76.67%;当香草酸溶液浓度达到2.02×10-7 g/m L时,对Ph IP的抑制效果最佳,总体抑制率为77.43%。综上,甘蔗糖蜜中含有的阿魏酸和香草酸单体在模型反应体系中均对Ph IP有较强的抑制作用,为后续对Ph IP抑制物的研究提供了基础。     

沙田柚不同组织部位酚类物质组成及其抗氧化活性研究

摘 要：目的 揭示沙田柚不同部位酚类物质组成和抗氧化活性的差异。方法 提取沙田柚油胞层、白皮层、囊衣和籽中游离酚和结合酚,测定其总酚、总黄酮含量,单体酚组成和抗氧化活性,并采用皮尔森相关性分析确定酚类物质含量与抗氧化活性之间的相关性。结果 沙田柚各部位酚类物质主要以游离酚为主,其总酚、总黄酮含量变幅分别为2.01~13.28 mg GAE/g DW和3.79~15.2 mg RE/g DW,油胞层和白皮层总酚、总黄酮含量均高于囊衣和籽。从沙田柚各部位鉴定出柚皮苷、橙皮素、甜橙黄酮、对羟基苯甲酸、对香豆酸和阿魏酸共6个单体酚,柚皮苷是各部位中最主要的黄酮类化合物且以白皮层中含量最高。沙田柚各部位铁离子还原能力(ferric reducing antioxidant power,FRAP)和氧自由基吸收能力(oxygen radical absorbance capacity, ORAC)变幅分别为7.6336~69.26 mmol TE/g DW和116.9~625.111.69~62.51 μmol TE/g DW,甜橙黄酮是各部位发挥FRAP活性的重要成分,而柚皮苷是各部位发挥ORAC活性的重要成分。结论 沙田柚副产物,尤其是果皮(油胞层和白皮层),是天然酚类物质的来源。     

锁阳提取物对DPPH自由基的清除能力研究

对琐阳进行水提和不同浓度的乙醇提取,得到4个提取物,并对提取物进行总酚、总黄酮的测定和DPPH自由基清除能力的研究。结果表明：4个锁阳提取物中总酚、总黄酮含量均较高,其中70％浓度的乙醇提取物中总酚、总黄酮含量分别达到2．63mg／mL、1．51mg／mL,50％浓度的乙醇提取物中抗氧化能力较强,加入浓度5μg／mL时DPPH自由基清除率达80％,EC50值0．0371,APR值26．95,其抗氧化性能力大于BHT,而小于VC。     

高粱米不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性研究

研究不同极性溶剂对高粱米提取物中活性物质含量及抗氧化活性的影响.结果表明,不同溶剂对高梁米中多酚、黄酮含量及抗氧化活性有明显的影响.80％丙酮提取物中的多酚、黄酮含量最高,分别为6.49 mg GA/g和61.2 mg/100 g,表现出较好的抗氧化能力.其次80％甲醇和80％乙醇提取物也表现出较好的抗氧化能力.与此相反,正己烷提取物中的多酚、黄酮含量最低,分别为1.30 mg GA/g和9.6 mg/100 g,抗氧化能力较差.相关性分析表明,提取物中的多酚、黄酮含量与其抗氧化能力有较高的相关性,说明高梁米不同提取物抗氧化能力的差异主要来源于提取物中抗氧化物质的量的差异.     

不同来源小麦麸皮营养成分及酚类物质含量的比较

本文收集国内9个小麦主产省12个小麦麸皮样品,对蛋白质、总淀粉、脂肪、膳食纤维和戊聚糖,及不同形态酚类物质(游离型、可溶共价结合型、束缚型)等组分含量进行测定,采用数学统计方法对样品间组分差异和各组分相关性进行统计分析。结果表明:麸皮三大主要营养成分总膳食纤维、蛋白、总淀粉平均含量分别为47.30、19.85和16.90%,总淀粉和膳食纤维变幅较大,变异系数(CV)分别达到19.94和8.75%,蛋白变幅较小,CV值仅为3.16%,戊聚糖作为麸皮中主要膳食纤维,平均含量达到31.57%;总酚含量4470.37~5521.30μg GAE/g,73.9~79.1%为束缚型酚酸;束缚型阿魏酸在单体酚中占主导地位,含量高达2677.4~3401.8μg/g;,以下组分间存在极显著相关性(p0.01),其中膳食纤维及碱解束缚型酚酸(BBPA)与总淀粉呈极显著负相关,戊聚糖及BBPA与膳食纤维极显著正相关,戊聚糖与BBPA极显著正相关,酸解束缚型酚酸(ABPA)与总酚极显著正相关。     

小麦麸皮阿魏酸的制备

本文以小麦麸皮为原料，采用碱法和酶法制备阿魏酸，通过正交试验确定出制备阿魏酸的最佳工艺参数，碱液浸提法阿魏酸最高释放量为3.08mg／g麦麸，最优组合是碱液浓度为1％，温度为80℃，提取时间为4h，麸皮粒度为80目；酶法提取的最高释放量为3、35mg／g麦麸，最优组合是料液比1：20．混合酶浓度1％。混合酶作用时间3h。另外，碱处理后的反应液颜色为深棕色，褐变较为严重；混合酶处理后反应液颜色较浅。酶法提取效果较佳。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.