137个微核心种质资源植酸含量的聚类分析

选择了我国微核心种质资源小麦137份,测定了其全麦粉中的植酸含量。结果表明植酸平均含量为21.04μg/mg;意大利春性小麦PANDAS和我国地方品种白蚂蚱植酸含量最低,仅为9.59μg/mg,而辐w070261的植酸含量高达29.63μg/mg;绝大部分品种的植酸含量中等。对试验数据进行了聚类分析;137份种质材料在欧式距离1.50水平可分为高、中、低植酸含量品种3大类,各占供试品种的3.45%、89.3%及7.25%。鉴定出一批高植酸和低植酸的特异种质资源,为综合利用和培育高植酸和低植酸特异小麦新品种提供参考。     

小麦麸皮中的植酸含量与小麦籽粒的大小及品种有关

小麦麸皮中的植酸含量与小麦籽粒的大小及品种有关大粒小麦的麸皮中的植酸可高达２５％。种植条件对小麦麸皮中的植酸含量也有影响。作者对１５个软麦品种在三个不同的地点进行了种植试验，这些小麦麸皮的植酸含量与它们的出粉率呈显著相关（０．５３），与麸皮的破碎程度...     

小麦酚酸提取工艺优化及产区与品种差异对酚酸含量的影响

研究NaOH浓度、液料比、乙酸乙酯萃取时间和萃取次数对小麦籽粒中酚酸提取量的影响,并优化提取条件;运用高效液相色谱-质谱联用法分析不同产区主栽小麦品种差异对酚酸含量的影响。结果表明：NaOH浓度、液料比、乙酸乙酯萃取时间和萃取次数对小麦籽粒中酚酸提取量影响显著,经响应面优化获得小麦籽粒中酚酸提取条件为：NaOH溶液浓度1.56 mol/L、液料比15.53∶1（mL/g）、萃取时间17.33 min、萃取2 次。在此提取条件下,小麦籽粒中酚酸提取量达到1 055.99 mg/kg。小麦中主要有9 种酚酸,分别为没食子酸、原儿茶酸、4-羟基苯甲酸、香草酸、咖啡酸、丁香酸、p-香豆酸、芥子酸和阿魏酸,其中阿魏酸为主要酚酸,占总酚酸的73.07%～89.01%。江淮麦区宁麦14中总酚酸含量最高,达1 001.12 mg/kg,与该产区的保麦6号、淮麦33有显著性差异;黄淮麦区的新麦26中总酚酸含量最高,为1 016.03 mg/kg,与该产区的矮抗58、百农207有显著性差异。由此可见,不同产区主栽小麦品种的差异对酚酸含量的影响极大。     

不同品种南瓜品质和挥发性成分分析

以5个品种南瓜为研究对象,比较其理化性状、营养成分、总酚及抗氧化活性和挥发性成分间的差异。采用灰色关联分析综合评价了南瓜9个主要品质性状;采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用法分析南瓜果实挥发性成分,并对其进行主成分分析（Principal component analysis,PCA）。结果表明,5种南瓜的干物质、肌醇、抗坏血酸含量分别介于36.95%～50.91%、1.48～17.02 mg/g和2.17～15.26 mg/100 g,均表现为香缘早最高,221-09最低;香缘早的pH(7.95)和蔗糖含量最高（52.04 mg/g）、总酸含量最低（7.54 mg/kg）,而黑小宝pH(7.26)和蔗糖最低（20.17 mg/g）、总酸最高为29.75 mg/kg;淀粉含量介于1.06%～3.65%,表现为221-09最高而黑小宝最低;果糖、葡萄糖含量分别介于21.39～57.97 mg/g和15.74～39.51 mg/g,均为221-09最高而香缘早最低;总酚含量、DPPH值和ABTS值分别介于2.44～3.00 mg GAE/g、0.15～0.33 mg TE/g和0.09～...     

黍稷籽粒含油量及脂肪酸组成分析

研究分析18个黍稷（Panicum miliaceum L.）品种的籽粒含油量和脂肪酸组成。结果表明,黍稷籽粒含油量为2.54%~4.00%,均值3.71%。黍稷籽粒中主要脂肪酸为亚油酸（18:2n6）、油酸（18:1n9）和棕榈酸（16:0）,含量区间分别为0.075~5.19、0.150~3.02和0.897~1.81 g/100 g,并含有棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、二十二烷酸和二十四烷酸。不饱和脂肪酸（UFA）占总油脂的82.1%~ 94.6%。相关性分析和主成分分析的结果表明,10种脂肪酸含量存在显著的相关性。聚类分析表明,脂肪酸组成在黍稷品种间的差异显著。     

基于关联分析发掘烟草高钾优异等位变异

采用全基因组454个SSR位点对96份烤烟种质资源进行了群体分型,获得有效等位变异1038个。NJ聚类分析将供试材料分为3个类群,群体结构分析表明,当K=3时,ΔK值最大。同时对该供试材料在4个环境进行了烟叶钾含量测定,其频率符合正态分布。采用混合线性模型(MLM),进行了标记-性状关联分析,获得11个烟草钾含量的关联标记。通过不同基因型的钾含量对比,获得5个高钾优异等位变异。为验证这些优异等位变异,本研究又利用这5个关联标记扫描了其他130份烟草种质,获得了一致的结果。表明可以利用这5个高钾等位变异对烟草种质资源进行定性筛选,促进烟草高钾种质的利用和品种选育。     

不同酿酒高粱酚类物质含量测定及抗氧化活性比较

以6种酿酒高粱籽粒为研究对象,分别比较其游离态与结合态总酚、总黄酮、酚酸物质种类及含量,并对其抗氧化活性进行 分析。 结果表明,不同酿酒高粱品种游离态总酚、总黄酮;结合态总酚、总黄酮含量分别在135.47～274.38 mgGAE/100 g、94.60～ 148.31 mg/100 g;618.27～1 383.17 mgGAE/100 g、123.06～434.84 mg/100 g。 酿酒高粱籽粒中游离态酚酸以阿魏酸、丁香酸与没食 子酸为主,平均含量分别为611.19 μg/g、380.66 μg/g、359.34 μg/g;结合态酚酸以阿魏酸、丁香酸为主,平均含量为1 608.33 μg/g、 376.78 μg/g。 酿酒高粱籽粒中游离态与结合态总酚ABTS抗氧化能力值分别占总ABTS能力值14.6%与85.4%;酿酒高粱籽粒中游离 态与结合态总酚FRAP抗氧化能力值占总FRAP能力值14.3%与85.7%。 酿酒高粱籽粒具有丰富的酚类物质,良好的抗氧化活性,且品 种间有显著性的差异（P＜0.05）。     

油菜杂交种与常规种成熟期N素含量和积累分配的差异

以6个甘蓝型常规油菜品种及其组配的30个杂交种为材料,设置N0（不施氮）和N1（150kg/hm2）两个施肥水平,研究了油菜杂交种与常规种成熟期氮素分配的差异。结果表明：（1）杂交种各器官的氮素含量均高于其亲本,增施氮肥后差距更明显。（2）杂交种氮素积累量在低氮条件下明显高于其亲本,而在高氮条件下与亲本的差距缩小。（3）杂交种成熟期氮素分布在茎秆中的比例明显少于亲本,而分布在籽粒中的比例高于亲本。     

江津甜橙3 个变异品种的果实品质及酸组分分析

以江津甜橙的优选品种锦橙及其低酸变异品种长叶橙和高酸大果芽变品种大果锦橙为试材,测定果实膨大至成熟期的多项品质指标及其果汁中柠檬酸、奎宁酸和苹果酸含量的变化趋势。结果表明,在果实发育过程中,各品种果实大小于10月下旬基本定型,可溶性固形物含量逐渐增加、可滴定酸含量逐渐下降。在所测酸组分中,柠檬酸为主要有机酸;在果实发育过程中,柠檬酸含量逐渐降低,苹果酸含量呈相反的变化趋势,奎宁酸含量呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势,最大值出现在11月中旬。在果实成熟阶段,锦橙平均单果质量和柠檬酸含量介于长叶橙和大果锦橙之间,可溶性固形物含量为最高;长叶橙单果质量最小（155.27 g）,可滴定酸含量最低（0.55%）,其中柠檬酸组分含量为6.95 mg/g;大果锦橙则相反,单果质量达311.92 g,可滴定酸含量为1.02%,其中柠檬酸含量为11.72 mg/g。3 个品种总体上呈酸度越高,柠檬酸含量越高,奎宁酸含量越低的趋势。     

淘汰藏鸡基本营养及挥发性成分分析

对比600日龄淘汰下蛋藏鸡和市场上相近日龄三黄鸡和白凤乌鸡肉的基本营养物质和挥发性成分种类及含量。结果表明：淘汰下蛋藏鸡蛋白质含量最高（18.95 g/100 g）,显著高于白凤乌鸡（17.00 g/100 g）(P <0.0 5),与三黄鸡无显著性差异;白凤乌鸡水分含量最高（6 4.9 5g/1 0 0g）,脂肪含量最低（14.60 g/100 g）;三黄鸡水分含量最低（58.75 g/100 g）,脂肪含量最高（21.55 g/100 g）;3种不同品种鸡肉通过顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用内标法共鉴定出76种挥发性物质,主要由醛类、醇类、酮类和烃类物质组成;藏鸡作为西藏特色品种,挥发性物质种类最多（65种）,高于白凤乌鸡（47种）和三黄鸡（60种）,其总含量（3 070.84μg/kg）低于白凤乌鸡,略高于三黄鸡,从挥发性物质种类和含量上来说,淘汰藏鸡风味优于三黄鸡。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.