醇洗大豆浓缩蛋白副产物糖蜜中提取大豆异黄酮的研究

以醇洗大豆浓缩蛋白副产物糖蜜为原料,在对浸提溶剂单因素实验的基础上,优选丙酮作溶剂从糖蜜中提取大豆异黄酮。在对丙酮浸提温度、浸提时间、料液比单因素实验基础上,采用响应面分析法优化丙酮提取工艺条件,以大豆异黄酮提取率为响应值作响应面图。结果表明,丙酮浸提大豆异黄酮的最佳条件为浸提时间60min,浸提温度20℃,料液比1：3（m／V）,在此条件下大豆异黄酮的提取率达到90．3％,产品纯度达到23．5％。     

高温花生粕醇洗浓缩蛋白的水浴加热改性研究

以高温花生粕为原料,利用醇洗法制取花生浓缩蛋白,对醇洗花生浓缩蛋白进行碱性条件下的水浴加热改性.通过单因素实验和正交实验,确定的最佳改性条件为:加热温度80℃,加热时间7 min,料液比1∶14,pH 10.0.花生浓缩蛋白NSI由改性前的2.76％提高到改性后的18.25％.随NSI的提高,花生浓缩蛋白的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和起泡性均得到不同程度的改善.     

醇法大豆浓缩蛋白酶法改性研究

为提高醇法大豆浓缩蛋白的溶解性，采用Alcalase蛋白酶对醇法大豆浓缩蛋白进行酶法改性试验。试验表明，酶法水解能显著提高大豆浓缩蛋白的溶解性。酶解的最佳条件是pH8．5、温度62℃、底物浓度5％，酶浓度2％(E／S)，在此条件下酶解4h，大豆浓缩蛋白的水解度在12％以上，大豆浓缩蛋白的NSI从10％提高到85％左右，有较好的溶解性。并利用浊度法测定了不同水解度条件下酶解大豆浓缩蛋白的乳化特性，结果表明水解度约为8％时乳化性最大，水解度约为6％时乳化稳定性最好。     

木瓜蛋白酶提高醇法大豆浓缩蛋白乳化性的研究

制取低成本、高蛋白含量的大豆浓缩蛋白时,乙醇产生变性作用,从而降低了大豆浓缩蛋白的功能特性,因此本研究采用木瓜蛋白酶对醇法大豆浓缩蛋白进行改性。通过对酶浓度、底物浓度、改性时间与改性温度的单因素实验,针对乳化性进行研究,然后进行正交试验,最终得出木瓜蛋白酶提高醇法大豆浓缩蛋白乳化性最佳工艺条件:酶用量(E/S)为3%、底物浓度为(W/V)8%、改性时间为2h、改性温度为50℃,改性中pH值为6.0,可提高乳化能力3.8倍,乳化稳定性3.9倍。     

溶剂法纯化天然维生素E的试验研究

本试验以天然维生素E为基本原料，采用有机溶剂进行纯化浓缩，探讨了各试验因素对纯化结果的影响。正交结果显示：以15mL／g（VЕ原料）丙酮为纯化溶剂，结晶温度-16℃，结晶时间48h，浓缩效果最好。该条件下，维生素E含量由50％提高到62．97％；比旋光度由23．67°升至23.79°,维生素E活性成分几乎没有损失且有所提高。     

花生饼粕制取醇洗浓缩蛋白的品质比较

对以冷榨花生饼、热榨花生饼、高温花生粕为原料制取的醇洗浓缩蛋白的组分、性质和结构进行了分析比较.结果显示:冷榨花生饼醇洗浓缩蛋白和高温花生饼粕醇洗浓缩蛋白的蛋白质含量都达到了65％以上;经加热改性后,前者的NSI值由20.78％升高至72.33％,后者的NSI值从2.76％升高至18.25％,蛋白的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性、乳化稳定性、起泡性等食品功能特性都得到明显改善;前者的蛋白必需氨基酸总量较后者高出2.91％;前者经加热改性后蛋白分子聚集程度下降,聚集体粒度更小且排列均匀松散,更多的小分子蛋白质被解离出来,二级结构也发生改变,这些结构和组分的改变都有利于蛋白食品功能特性的改善.     

双低油菜籽浓缩蛋白的制备及其功能特性的研究

通过响应曲面法，确定以含水乙醇洗涤法制备双低菜籽浓缩蛋白的最佳工艺参数为：选用浓度为70％的乙醇做溶剂，控制液固比为8．85：1，在60℃温度搅拌下，洗涤次数为6次，洗涤时间为20min／次。该工艺条件下制备的菜籽浓缩蛋白，其色浅味淡，无溶剂残留。蛋白质含量可达62．48％，其中硫甙能够完全脱除，植酸含量下降了60％。研究并对菜籽浓缩蛋白的溶解性、吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和起泡性等功能特性及功能特性的改善进行了研究。     

鱼油的浓缩和粉末化技术的研究

介绍了一种鱼油浓缩的新方法,它不改变DHA、EPA的甘油酯形式,浓缩后DHA＋EPA的浓度达到50％以上。研究了丙酮比例和冬化浓度对鱼油浓缩的影响;采用了蛋清蛋白作包理剂、乳化剂,探讨了壁材组成、固形物浓度以及部分工艺条件对浓缩鱼油微胶囊化的影响,该方法制成的粉末油脂粒径小,流动性好、稳定性高、生物利用率大大改善,且在食品中应用十分方便。     

大豆磷脂脱糖试验

以浓缩大豆磷脂为原料,采用丙酮浸洗制得粉末磷脂,再用乙醇作溶剂对磷脂中的糖类进行脱除。研究了磷脂脱糖过程中乙醇体积分数、温度、时间、V（乙醇）：V（正己烷）等因素对脱除率的影响,并通过响应面试验优化得到最佳工艺条件为：乙醇体积分数58％,温度26℃,V（乙醇）：V（正己烷）2．1：1,时间2h。在此条件下磷脂中糖的脱除率为83．02％。采用薄层色谱法对糖的种类进行鉴定,发现了3种糖：水苏糖、棉子糖和蔗糖。     

大豆异黄酮提取工艺的研究

试验采用80％的乙醇溶液萃取脱脂豆粕，将浸取液蒸发浓缩后，用正己烷萃取脂溶性物质，用盐酸除去蛋白，经分离后用大孔树脂进行纯化，最后用丙酮萃取提纯，大豆异黄酮纯度可达到70．56％，其中大豆甙元占44．66％，染料木黄酮糖甙为55．34％。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.