不同处理对烟草种子萌发及过氧化氢酶活性的影响

以烤烟型品种NC89为材料 ,通过浸种处理研究了不同K+浓度、H+浓度、渗透势及H2 O2 等对烟草种子萌发过程中呼吸速率和过氧化氢酶活性的影响。 0 .0 1～ 0 .1mol/LKNO3处理对种子萌发过程中活力指数和过氧化氢酶活性有明显的促进作用 ;0 .0 0 1～ 0 .0 1mol/LHCl处理后其活力指数、第 4天的过氧化氢酶活性和呼吸速率都比对照高 ;2 0 0～ 30 0g/L的PEG - 6 0 0 0溶液浸种 2 4h ,对烟草种子活力的提高也有明显效果 ;0 .3%H2 O2 虽能提高烟草种子的呼吸速率 ,但其发芽势及活力指数均低于对照     

芝麻种子带菌检测及药剂消毒处理效果

采用吸水纸检测法对我国6个芝麻主产区的13个广泛栽培的芝麻品种进行了带菌检测,并测定了5种杀菌剂对芝麻种子的消毒效果。结果表明,芝麻种子外部携带的真菌主要类群包括镰孢属（Fusarium spp.）、棒孢属（Corynespora spp.）、长蠕孢属（Helminthosporium spp.）、壳球孢属（Macrophomina spp.）、链格孢属（Alternaria spp.）、曲霉属（Aspergillus spp.）和青霉属（Penicillium spp.）,其中引起芝麻茎点枯病的壳球孢属分离频率和带菌率最高。种子内部携带的真菌类群主要包括镰孢属、棒孢属、壳球孢属和曲霉属等,引起芝麻叶枯病的棒孢属真菌分离频率和带菌率最高。供试的5种杀菌剂对芝麻种子均有一定的消毒效果,其中50%扑海因和80%多菌灵处理对芝麻种子消毒效果最显著。     

发芽条件对西兰花芽苗菜总黄酮富集的影响

为富集西兰花芽苗菜总黄酮,研究不同消毒方法(物理消毒、物理化学联合法)对西兰花种子消毒效果的影响以及不同培养条件下总黄酮含量的变化。以西兰花种子为试材,通过单因素试验(浸泡温度、浸泡时间、发芽温度、发芽时间)与正交试验对发芽条件进行优化。结果表明,紫外消毒10 min联合1%食品级奥克泰士D10消毒效果好,发芽率最高;西兰花富集总黄酮的最适发芽条件为:浸泡温度25℃、浸泡时间6 h、发芽温度20℃、发芽时间4 d。在最佳工艺条件下,西兰花芽苗总黄酮含量为11.33 mg/g。     

丝瓜络纤维的预处理实践

采用碱、双氧水组合处理方法对天然丝瓜络纤维进行预处理。结果表明,使用NaOH、H2O2混合溶液处理最佳工艺为10%H2O2和10%NaOH,时间2 h。在此工艺条件下,丝瓜络纤维脱胶率为39%,纤维素成分为80.51%,比未处理前的66.19%明显提高。预处理工艺使丝瓜络由较粗的束纤维(2 000μm)变成直径20μm左右的单纤维,处理后,丝瓜络纤维的回潮率由原来的9.25%提高到12%。     

高浓度臭氧水对高粱种子发芽及其活性成分的影响

将高粱种子用2~6 mg/L的高浓度臭氧水对其进行减菌化处理。结果表明,臭氧水浸泡可以显著降低高粱种子发芽霉变率,其中,2 mg/L 20 min、6 mg/L 10 min的高粱种子霉变率最低。与自来水浸泡、Na Cl O浸泡相比,臭氧水浸泡处理有利于高粱种子发芽过程中的淀粉分解、游离氨基氮的生成;4 mg/L臭氧水浸泡能显著提高蛋白酶的活性;臭氧对发芽高粱的蛋白酶含量变化缺乏相关性。     

慈竹CTMP制浆工艺及漂白性能研究

竹材化机浆实现工业化生产存在能耗高、漂白白度低、强度性能差的技术障碍。本论文研究表明,碱性过氧化氢预处理是一种较好的化学预处理方式。1.5%NaOH和2%H2O2用量的碱性H2O2预处理条件下,经10%H2O2漂白,可以获得26%ISO的白度增值,比碱性预处理和碱性亚钠预处理制得的化机浆白度增值高出4个白度单位;不同预处理方法浆料的强度性能存在较大差异,碱性过氧化氢预处理制得浆料的抗张指数较高,其抗张强度性能指标近20N.m/g,松厚度2.4cm3/g以上,初步达到纸板芯层浆的指标要求。     

不同预处理方法对提取萝卜籽油品质的影响

研究了整粒浸泡酶解、种子粉碎酶解、种子粉碎3种预处理方法对提取的萝卜籽油中多种指标的影响。结果表明,整粒浸泡酶解预处理方法提取的油脂中异硫氰酸酯、莱菔素含量高,总抗氧化能力、清除DPPH·能力强,种子粉碎酶解法次之,种子粉碎法最差;种子粉碎预处理法的油脂中酸价和过氧化值含量最高,种子粉碎酶解法次之,整粒浸泡酶解法最低;3种预处理方法对油脂脂肪酸组成变化不显著。整粒浸泡酶解法提取油脂的条件为:整粒种子25℃浸泡1 h,破碎后25℃酶解50 min,酶解p H5.0,液料比20 m L/g,提取时间5 min;萝卜籽油的提取率为34.51%,提取效率为95.03%。     

几种药剂对烟草漂浮苗干根中烟草花叶病毒的失活效果

为了提出烟草漂浮育苗旧苗盘残留物中烟草花叶病毒（Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV）的消毒方法,采用接种枯斑寄主和接种普通烟K326方法,测定了几种药剂对病苗干根中TMV的失活效果。结果表明,98％磷酸三钠25 g/L 和50 g/L溶液浸湿后塑料膜覆盖2～3 d 可彻底失活病苗干根中的TMV,40％育宝6.7 g/L溶液浸湿后塑料膜覆盖3～4 d对病苗干根中TMV失活效果高,推荐这两种药剂用于旧苗盘TMV消毒。下列消毒溶液处理对病苗干根中TMV不能完全失活:美国消毒剂20 g/L溶液浸湿后塑料膜覆盖5 d、2％二氧化氯10 g/L溶液、7%有效氯次氯酸钠10 g/L溶液、高锰酸钾3.3 g/L溶液和30%有效氯漂白粉50 g/L溶液浸湿后塑料膜覆盖7 d。上述药剂消毒旧苗盘TMV的浓度和处理方法需要进一步试验。抗病毒剂2%菌克毒克1.7 g/L溶液、3.95%病毒必克2.0 g/L溶液、24％毒消1.7 g/L溶液都不适宜于旧苗盘TMV浸泡法消毒。与药剂浸湿后塑料膜覆盖方法相比,药剂浸泡法的可操作性差。三抗体夹心法和TMV试纸条检测结果表明,上述药剂浸泡30～120 min和浸湿后塑料膜覆盖8 h～7 d后,不能有效破坏干病根样品中TMV抗原。      

响应曲面法优化草鱼肉冷杀菌工艺

以微生物菌落总数和减菌率为评价指标,采用单因素试验结合Box-Behnken法,研究ClO2质量浓度、H2O2质量浓度及浸泡处理时间对草鱼肉冷杀菌效果的影响。通过响应曲面分析,草鱼肉减菌预处理工艺最优条件为ClO2质量浓度157mg/L、H2O2质量浓度1.1g/L、浸泡处理时间6.4min,在此条件下草鱼肉经处理后细菌总数由1.36×105CFU/g降为1.50×104CFU/g,减菌率高达89.01%。     

烟草种子人工膜中腐殖酸的萌发生物学效应研究

在沙姆逊烟草种子人工膜中添加不同浓度腐殖酸,测定其种子萌发后的生物学效应。结果表明,100ppm 腐殖酸处理对于提高烟草种子萌发率和促进胚芽的伸长效果最佳,10ppm 次之;10ppm 腐殖酸处理对胚根伸长最有效,并且该浓度处理的幼苗鲜重和干重均最高。烟草种子人工膜中腐殖酸浓度以采用10ppm 最经济、有效。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.