大孔吸附树脂纯化艾草总黄酮及其抗氧化活性研究

确定艾草总黄酮初步分离纯化的最佳工艺条件及抗氧化活性。比较6种大孔吸附树脂的静态吸附和解吸附效果,确定最佳吸附树脂并考察其上样液浓度、上样液pH值、吸附温度、上样速度、洗脱流速、洗脱用量对艾草总黄酮吸附及解析附性能的影响。结果表明：AB-8大孔吸附树脂的综合效果最佳,其最佳工艺条件为：上样液浓度为2.5 mg/mL,上样液pH值为4,吸附温度为20℃,上样速度为1.5 mL/min,选用80%乙醇进行洗脱,洗脱流速为1.5 mL/min,洗脱剂用量为100 mL。在此吸附和解吸条件下,艾草总黄酮的纯度由36.1%上升至75.43%,纯度提高了近2倍,纯化效果良好。抗氧化试验结果表明：艾草总黄酮具有一定的抗氧化活性,是一种潜在的天然抗氧化剂。     

茶叶籽中黄酮的分离及HPLC-MS联用分析

用大孔吸附树脂HPD826分离纯化茶叶籽总黄酮的粗提物,对影响HPD826树脂动态吸附、解吸的各因素进行系统研究。最终确定最佳条件为：上样液质量浓度1.8 mg/mL、上样速率2 mL/min、体积分数50%乙醇作为洗脱剂、洗脱剂流速1 mL/min。纯化后的茶叶籽黄酮纯度为40.81%,比纯化前提高了7.63 倍。通过高效液相色谱-质谱联用分析大孔吸附树脂纯化后样品,初步确定茶叶籽中4 种黄酮的结构,均为柚皮素的多糖苷。     

正交试验优化黑果悬钩子茎、叶总黄酮的提取纯化及其抗氧化活性

利用单因素试验和正交试验优化了黑果悬钩子（Rubus caesius L.）茎和叶总黄酮的提取工艺,通过清除DPPH自由基、ABTS＋·的方法测定了黑果悬钩子茎和叶的抗氧化活性。优化的总黄酮提取工艺为：提取温度80 ℃、提取时间70 min、乙醇溶液体积分数60%、料液比1∶90（g/mL）。通过比较AB-8等14 种大孔树脂对黑果悬钩子茎、叶总黄酮的吸附分离效果,从中筛选出AB-8大孔树脂是理想的吸附剂。通过单因素试验,确定AB-8大孔树脂对黑果悬钩子总黄酮分离纯化的最优工艺为：上样流速1 mL/min、上样液总黄酮质量浓度0.32 mg/mL、上样体积80 mL,吸附饱和平衡后,以40 mL 60%乙醇溶液1.5 mL/min的流速动态洗脱。经AB-8大孔吸附树脂纯化后,提取液的总黄酮含量和抗氧化能力显著提高,叶和茎总黄酮含量为纯化前的1.4 倍和2.4 倍,叶和茎的的ABTS＋·清除能力分别为纯化前的1.7 倍和 2.5 倍,DPPH自由基清除能力分别为纯化前的1.7 倍和2.6 倍。这些结果表明：黑果悬钩子叶和茎均具有较高的总黄酮含量和明显的抗氧化活性,是潜在的天然抗氧化剂资源。     

大孔吸附树脂分离纯化桂花总黄酮工艺条件研究

目的:研究大孔吸附树脂分离纯化桂花总黄酮工艺条件,为桂花总黄酮的工业化生产提供实验依据。方法:以贵州产桂花为原料,以桂花总黄酮吸附量及回收率等为考察指标,选用AB-8型大孔吸附树脂对桂花总黄酮进行分离纯化,分别采用静态试验、动态试验等考察AB-8型大孔树脂对桂花总黄酮的分离纯化最佳工艺条件及效果。结果:pH值、洗脱剂、温度、上柱液浓度、径高比、流速、总黄酮与树脂质量比等工艺条件对桂花总黄酮的吸附洗脱量、回收率等影响甚大。结论:AB-8型大孔树脂分离纯化桂花总黄酮最佳工艺条件为:上柱液pH4～ 5;洗脱剂为70%乙醇,洗脱剂用量为4倍树脂体积,流速3～ 4 mL/min;上柱总黄酮质量与树脂质量比为1:9.4,上柱液总黄酮浓度为17.86 mg/mL,流速2～ 3 mL/min;冲洗杂质用水体积2～ 3 BV,流速2～ 3mL/min;径高比1.5/21.6;温度升高,吸附量下降但洗脱率加大。     

野菊花总黄酮的提取与纯化

以野菊花总黄酮含量及回收率等为考察指标,研究野菊花总黄酮提取工艺及大孔吸附树脂分离纯化野菊花总黄酮工艺.结果表明:采取乙醇浸提L9(34)正交试验方法,野菊花总黄酮最佳提取工艺条件为乙醇浓度60%、提取温度80℃、提取时间3 h、提取次数3次.AB-8型大孔吸附树脂对野菊花总黄酮静态饱和吸附量为114.65 mg/g(干树脂),洗脱率94.9%,动态饱和吸附量为94.5 mg/g(干树脂1,总黄酮回收率在92.6%、纯度在90%以上,是实验树脂中分离纯化野菊花总黄酮的最佳大孔吸附树脂.分离纯化野菊花总黄酮最佳工艺条件为AB-8型大孔吸附树脂,洗脱剂为70%乙醇,洗脱剂用量为3倍树脂体积,流速3～4 mL/min,上柱总黄酮量与树脂比为1:10.5,上柱液总黄酮浓度为19.8 mg/mL,流速2～3 mL/min,上柱液pH值4～5,冲洗杂质用水体积2～3 BV.     

大孔树脂吸附法纯化酸枣仁总黄酮的工艺研究

利用7种大孔树脂对酸枣仁的总黄酮进行纯化,依据其吸附能力及解吸能力,选出最佳的大孔树脂型号,研究了上样液浓度、上样速度、上样液体积对大孔树脂吸附率的影响以及洗脱剂类型、洗脱剂浓度、洗脱速度、洗脱剂体积对大孔树脂解吸率的影响,采用正交试验对酸枣仁总黄酮的纯化工艺进行了优化。试验结果表明,DM301大孔树脂纯化酸枣仁总黄酮效果最佳,在上样液浓度为0.1 mg/mL、上样速度为1 BV/h、上样液体积为30 mL、洗脱剂为丙酮、洗脱剂浓度为100%、洗脱速度为2 BV/h、洗脱剂体积为55 mL的条件下,获得的酸枣仁总黄酮纯度最高,相较于纯化前提高了约1.1倍。     

大孔吸附树脂分离纯化油菜蜂花粉总黄酮的研究

利用7种大孔吸附树脂对油菜蜂花粉总黄酮进行了分离纯化研究,结果筛选出AB-8型树脂的吸附量大,易于洗脱,纯化分离效果好.通过对AB-8型树脂的动态吸附研究,得出的最佳分离纯化工艺参数为:上样溶液浓度0.91mg/mL,pH为5,吸附流速2.5mL/min,洗脱采用50%的乙醇以1mL/min的流速洗脱3BV.     

费菜总黄酮分离纯化工艺的研究

本文采用了AB-8大孔吸附树脂对费菜总黄酮进行分离纯化,利用静态和动态吸附洗脱结合的方法,以AB-8大孔树脂的吸附率和解析率为指标考察了pH、洗脱剂浓度、洗脱时间、吸附流速、洗脱流速、洗脱剂用量、洗脱蒸馏水用量等对费菜总黄酮的分离纯化效果及影响因素。结果表明费菜总黄酮分离纯化的适宜工艺条件:吸附液pH为5.0、洗脱剂为80%乙醇、洗脱时间24h、吸附流速1~2mL/min、洗脱流速2mL/min、洗脱剂用量80mL、洗脱蒸馏水用量100mL。在该条件下,AB-8大孔树脂的饱和吸附量为11mg/g、静态吸附率68.3%、解析率94.5%、费菜总黄酮纯度47.98%。     

AB-8型大孔树脂分离纯化南果梨黄酮类化合物的研究

目的:确定大孔树脂吸附法分离南果梨黄酮的最佳工艺条件.方法:通过对吸附率及解吸率的测定,确定最佳型号树脂,静态和动态吸附及解吸的相关影响因素.结果:AB-8型大孔树脂最佳,其最佳静态吸附条件:原液的pH及浓度为最佳状态,即pH 5.4,浓度1.02mg/mL.最佳温度为室温25℃,吸附3h,吸附率65%以上,解吸率75%以上;最佳动态解吸条件:上样流速1.0mL/min和解吸流速2.0mL/min,三倍柱床体积的体积分数50%乙醇,解吸率达80.24%.结论:室温下最佳纯化条件:上样液为原液,上样流速为1.0mL/min,三倍柱床体积的50%乙醇洗脱,洗脱流速2.0mL/min,纯化后得率为51.16%.     

大孔吸附树脂-硅胶柱层析法部分纯化藜麦β-蜕皮激素

本研究采用大孔吸附树脂-硅胶柱层析法分离纯化藜麦β-蜕皮激素.通过静态-动态吸附解吸实验确定大孔吸附树脂最佳纯化工艺:大孔吸附树脂为D101型,上样质量浓度为25 mg/mL、上样流速2.0 mL/min、洗脱剂乙醇体积分数30％和洗脱流速2.0 mL/min,得到纯度为12.12％的β-蜕皮激素.通过薄层色谱与硅胶柱...     

蛋白质水解度测定方法综述

对目前国内外常用的蛋白质水解度测定方法进行了综述，其中pH—state方法是通过滴定水解过程中释放的质子测定DH；OPA、TNBS及国内常用的水合茚三酮和甲醛等测定方法是利用游离氨基的反应测定DH。     

SEROLOGIC IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES OF ORIGIN OF SAUSAGE MEATS

SUMMARY: A partially purified immunoglobulin G (lgG) solution prepared from the serum of species to be tested was heated to the specifications for sausages. The resulting supernatant fluid was decanted and the precipitate washed with saline and used to immunize rabbits. The supernatant fluid was used to sensitize tanned sheep red blood cells. The immune serum was rendered monospecific by absorptions with heterologous, heated lgG precipitates. A sample of monospecific immune serum was absorbed with a washed homogenate of sausage. Aliquots of the monospecific immune serum, both untreated and sausage absorbed, were tested with cells sensitized with the homologous heated lgG supematant fluid. A significant reduction of titer by sausage absorption indicated that the sausages contained the meat homologous to the immune serum.     

BASIS OF STABILITY OF AMINE SALTS OF LINOLEIC ACID

SUMMARY— The mechanism and generality of the known stabilization against autoxidation conferred on linoleic acid by certain basic amino acids, such as lysine and arginine, was investigated. Basic amino acids were the only class of compounds found to confer the effect. However, the smallest basic amino acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, was not effective, nor was αβω-diaminc acid, 3,6-diaminohexanoic acid, although a simple isomer of lysine. The stabilization was observed only in the solid phase. Inclusion of sodium chloride in the solid matrix was deleterious to the effect. A large number of physical and chemical observations were made and correlated but it has not been possible to draw detailed conclusions about the mechanism of stabilization, nor can a detailed structure of the stabilized complex be suggested. The cause of the phenomenon appears to be closely associated with the physical arrangement of the ions in the crystal lattice.     

百年风尚

一场流光溢彩、赏心悦目的展览,一段百年风尚演进的传奇旅程,一次东西方文化艺术的完美对话。2013年9月13日,“博萃臻艺一中西方珍宝艺术展”在辽宁省博物馆举行了隆重的开幕仪式,法兰西共和国驻华大使白林女士、辽宁省文物局局长丁辉先生、辽宁省博物馆馆长马宝杰先生、卡地亚全球总裁兼首席执行官邓阁仕先生、卡地亚区域行政总裁（北亚洲）陆慧全先生、卡地亚中国区首席执行官陆意斯先生、辽宁省文物店总经理张春鹰先生,以及众多文化界与文博界的贵宾齐聚一堂,共同见证了这场文化艺术盛事。     

EFFECTS OF TYPES OF FAT AND OF RATES AND TEMPERATURES OF COMMINUTION ON DISPERSION OF LIPIDS IN FRANKFURTERS

ABSTRACT— The effect of time, temperature and rpm of comminution of emulsions was determined on the dispersion of approximately 25% of beef fat, pork fat or cottonseed oil in frankfurters. The numbers of lipid particles 5 μ or less in diameter increased in frankfurters containing either beef or pork fat as comminution was continued to higher temperatures, with pork fat dispersed more thoroughly. Fat tended to separate from frankfurters containing beef fat in particles 200 μ or more in diameter. In contrast, no specific degree of dispersion of particles 5 μ or less in diameter consistently indicated emulsion stability, or its lack. Increased rpm during comminution produced an increased dispersion of beef or pork fat. Under the same conditions pork fat was dispersed more finely than beef fat. Dispersion of cottonseed oil produced finely dispersed particles beyond the resolution of light microscopy, as was confirmed by electron microscopy which showed a substantial number of particles to be less than 1 μ in diameter.     

聚多元羧酸盐的合成及应用

研究了聚多元羧酸盐的合成方法及反应机理,将其应用于洗涤剂和PVC制品中分别代替三聚磷酸钠和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,证明有良好效果。     

DEVELOPMENT OF CHAINS OF CELLS OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE DURING FERMENTATION

The lengths of chains of cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied during fermentation. Pitching yeast generally contained about half of the total number of cells as two-celled chains. The chain lengths varied during the subsequent fermentation and the variations were characteristic of the strain. Electronic counting assessments of chain length were unreliable.     

STABILITY OF AQUEOUS EMULSIONS OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF HOPS

Hop oil emulsions prepared from different varieties of hops have been found to exhibit enhanced physical stability on the addition of blends of the emulsifiers Span 20/Tween 80 or Span 60/Tween 60. Examination of the particle size and volume distributions of an emulsion by use of a Coulter Counter was found to be an excellent method of monitoring its stability. An indication as to the relative efficiency of emulsifiers can be obtained from Coulter Counter measurements on hop oil emulsions after storage for 4 days. The use of an ultracentrifuge provies a rapid means of testing emulsion stability and hence the effectiveness of emulsion stabilizers.     

矩阵乘积的行式,列式

给出了ｍ×ｍ矩阵与ｍ×ｎ矩阵的行（列）式的表达式．若Ａ＝ａ１１ａ１２…ａ１ｍａ２１ａ２２…ａ２ｍ……ａｍ１ａｍ２…ａｍｍＢ＝ｂ１１ｂ１２…ｂ１ｎｂ２１ｂ２２…ｂ２ｎ……ｂｍ１ｂｍ２…ｂｍｎ分别是ｍ×ｍ，ｍ×ｎ矩阵，则｜Ａ｜｜Ｂ｜＝｜ＡＢ｜＋∑ｉ１＜ｉ２＜…＜ｉｔｊ１＜ｊ２＜…＜ｊｔ１≤ｔ≤ｍｎ－ｔ≥ｍＮＢｉ１ｉ２…ｉｔｊ１ｊ２…ｊｔＮＡＢ１…ｍ（－１）ｓｔ＋１ｊｔ＋１…（－１）ｓｎｊｎ其中ｉ１，ｉ２，…，ｉｔ是１，２，…，ｍ中ｔ个数码；ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｔ＋１，…，ｊｎ是１，２，…，ｎ的一个排列；ｓｒ＝π（ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ）（ｒ＝１，２，…，ｎ）是排列ｊ１，ｊ２，…，ｊｔ，ｊｒ的反序数．     

山药水溶性多糖的提取及抗氧化性研究

研究山药水溶性多糖的提取及其抗氧化作用。方法是将小鼠分别口服给予山药水溶性多糖，每天1次，连续给药15d，取血测过氧化物酶（POD）活性，取血、肝、肾测超氧化物歧化酶（sOD）活性，脂质过氧化产物（MDA）含量。山药多糖物可显著提高POD活性及血、肝、肾的SOD活性，并减少血、肝、肾组织中MDA的含量。山药水溶性多糖有提高小鼠体内过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性及减少脂质过氧化产物的抗氧化作用。