毛细管气相色谱法测定韭菜中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留

应用柱层析净化技术和毛细管气相色谱法,并采取程序升温模式和不分流进样方式在μ-ECD检测器上同时测定韭菜样品中五种拟除虫菊酯类农药的残留组分.测定结果表明:五种拟除虫菊酯类农药分离效果较好,其线性范围较宽,并在此浓度范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系;同时方法的最小检测限低于1.00 ug/L(0.214 ug/L～0.904 ug/L),相对标准偏差均小于10%(2.48%～8.05%),其加标回收率在86.26%～102.64%之间.研究建立的方法简便、快速、经济,具有良好的灵敏度、精密度和准确度,可以满足韭菜样品中拟除虫菊酯类农药的残留检测要求,同时对其他蔬菜中拟除虫菊酯类农药的残留分析具有一定的参考价值.     

牛奶中有机氯农药及拟除虫菊酯农药多残留的HS-SPME-GC-MS分析方法研究

目的 建立牛奶中有机氯农药和拟除虫菊酯类农药的快速多残留测定方法.方法 以顶空固相微萃取作为前处理手段,采用气相色谱-质谱联用方法测定牛奶样品中31种农药组分（其中有机氯农药23种,拟除虫菊酯类农药8种）,并以13C6-六氯苯和13C10-灭蚁灵作为稳定的同位素内标物,采用内标法定量.结果 方法的最低检测限在0.002～0.2μg/L之间,回收率在85%～110%之间.相对标准差在3%～12%之间.结论 该方法快速、简单、准确、可靠、环保.适用于批量牛奶样品中农药残留的筛查.     

GC-MS法测定罗汉果中拟除虫菊酯农药残留量

建立气质联用(Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)测定罗汉果中6种拟除虫菊酯类农药的残留量方法。样品用石油醚-丙酮混合溶剂超声提后过固相萃取小柱净化,经HP-5MS色谱柱分离,以气相色谱质谱法进行检测,用外标法计算含量。结果表明:6种拟除虫菊酯类农药在0.1μg/mL~1.0μg/mL范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 1~0.999 9,检出限为0.139μg/kg~5.262μg/kg。样品中3个加标水平的回收率为83.5%~106.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.9%~6.5%。本试验所建立的方法操作简便,具有良好的回收率,精密度和灵敏度,符合检测要求,可用于罗汉果中6种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留的测定。     

微波辅助萃取-气相色谱法测定茶叶中多种有机氯和拟除虫菊酯农药残留

建立了茶叶中18种有机氯和9种拟除虫菊酯农药残留微波辅助萃取．气相色谱分析方法。运用正交设计法对微波萃取条件进行了优化,茶叶样品用正己烷-二氯甲烷混合溶N（1：2,V／V）进行萃取,萃取液用弗罗里硅土和中性氧化铝混合层析柱净化,采用J＆WDB-1701毛细管柱分离,GC．ECD法同时测定。在0．4、0．2、0．1ml（0．5μg／m1有机氯农药＋1．0μg／ml拟除虫菊酯农药）三个水平添加时的平均回收率（n=5）分别为80．9％～118．5％、88．4％～120．7％、80．9％～116．3％;相对标准偏差分别为2．09％～6．70％、1．89％～6．49％、1．98％～11．87％。该方法的检出限为：有机氯农药0．0004～0．0048mg／kg,拟除虫菊酯农药0．0033～0．0400mg／kg。     

葡萄酒中17种残留农药的固相萃取-气相色谱/负化学离子源质谱测定方法研究

建立了葡萄酒中17种残留杀虫剂和杀菌剂的气相色谱～负化学离子源质谱（GC—NCI／MS）测定方法。采用C18。固相萃取小柱对葡萄酒中的残留农药进行富集,进一步完成萃取和净化,农药经乙酸乙酯洗脱后供GC—NCI／MS测定,采用基质匹配标准溶液外标法定量。验证实验表明,各农药在10-200μg／L浓度范围内线性关系良好,该方法定量检测限（S／N〉10）为5-20μg/L,在20μg,L和50μg／L处的加标回收率为70．1％-119．0％,相对标准偏差为3．5％-9．4％。该方法前处理简便快速,所采用的检测技术选择性和灵敏度高,适合葡萄酒中残留农药的测定．应用前景广阔。     

固相萃取结合气相色谱法测定茶叶中三氯杀螨醇和拟除虫菊酯类农药残留

目的建立茶叶中三氯杀螨醇和7种拟除虫菊酯类农药的检测方法。方法以丙酮作为提取溶剂,提取液经石墨碳黑/氨基(Carbon/NH2)固相萃取小柱净化后,用DB-5毛细管柱分离,采用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD)进行测定。结果三氯杀螨醇和拟除虫菊酯类农药在20～800μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数(r)均在0.998以上,最低检出限为0.23～1.38μg/kg,样品的加标回收率在88.5%～106.4%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)在2.5%～10.7%之间。结论本方法净化效果好、灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于茶叶样品中三氯杀螨醇和拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量的检测。     

气相色谱法测定茶叶中菊酯类农药残留量

为了建立一种气相色谱法测定茶叶中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留的分析方法。采用气相色谱法-电子捕获检测器对6种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量进行检测。发现6种拟除虫菊酯类农药分离效果较好,峰高与浓度呈良好的线性关系(R≥0.9948),该法检出限为0.005~0.02mg/kg,样品加标回收率为79.6%~118.5%。证明其方法简单,净化效果好,精密度好、回收率高,能够满足茶叶中拟除虫菊酯类农药测定的要求。     

UPLC-MS／MS法测定大米中9种硫代氨基甲酸酯类农药残留

本文建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）检测大米中9种硫玳禽基甲酸酯类农药残留的方法。9种硫代氨基甲酸酯类农药在1．0-100岭／L范围内线性良好,相关系数为0．9966-0．9993,定量限小于0．5μg／L;9种目标物的回收率为76．0％-120．0％,相对标准偏差为2．2％19．6％。该方法准确、灵敏、快速,可满足大米中9种氨基甲酸酯类农药残留量的检测需要,该研究对食品安全及风险预警具有一定参考意义。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法测定糙米中9种拟除虫菊酯的残留

目的建立气相色谱-质谱联用法测定糙米中9种拟除虫菊酯类农药多残留分析方法。方法样品经乙腈提取,C18固相萃取柱净化,采用气相色谱-质谱串联法进行测定。结果 9种农药均在18 min之内流出,相关系数r在0.99以上,回收率均为79.9%~122.8%之间,重现性良好,相对标准偏差在11%以内。结论本方法可以简便快捷地一次性检测出糙米中9种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留,较实用于日常大批量样品的检测。     

固相萃取-毛细管气相色谱法同时测定黄瓜中23种有机氯和拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量

目的：建立了蔬菜中23种有机氯类和拟除虫菊酯类的固相萃取·毛细管气相色谱（SPE-CGC）分析方法。方法：样品以正己烷为提取剂，采用超声波提取黄瓜样品，然后用Florisil固相萃取小柱净化提取物a采用DB35MS弹性石英毛细管气相色谱柱分离样品，电子捕获检测器检测。结果：23种农药在25min内很好地分离；样品加标回收率（n=3）为76．0％-110．1％，相对标准偏差0．81％-3．28％。最低检出限范围为0．03-2．06μg／kg。结论：该方法的涮审结果满足名砖留农砖的柃涮兽求。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.