液相色谱-串联质谱测定小麦粉中 11种真菌毒素

建立小麦粉中11种真菌毒素的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。样品用乙腈-水溶液提取,经多功能净化柱Pribo Fast 100进行净化,采用XTerra MS C18色谱柱进行分离,以20 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液和乙腈梯度洗脱,利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱进行分析。11种真菌毒素在测定浓度范围内线性关系良好,各组分相关系数R20.998,加标回收率范围72.4%~90.7%,方法精密度范围6.2%~11.8%,测定各组分真菌毒素定量限范围1.2μg/kg~2.0μg/kg。该方法前处理过程简洁、灵敏度高、重现性好,适用于小麦粉中11种真菌毒素的测定。     

免疫磁珠亲和纯化-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法 快速检测小麦中多种真菌毒素

目的建立免疫磁珠亲和纯化-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法用于小麦中真菌毒素多组分检测。方法用NaIO_4将抗体Fc段的糖残基氧化生成醛基,与磁珠上的氨基共价偶联,实现抗体在磁珠上的定向固定化。以该方法同时偶联多种抗体,获得定向固定多种真菌毒素抗体的免疫磁珠。进而对其亲和性能及使用条件进行详细表征和优化,建立免疫磁珠亲和纯化—超高效液相色谱串联质谱检测方法,用于小麦中真菌毒素多组分同时检测。结果本研究制备的免疫磁珠对8种真菌毒素有较好的保留效果,建立的免疫磁珠亲和纯化-超高效液相色谱串联质谱方法能够同时测定小麦中8种真菌毒素,对于各毒素的检出限在0.1~2μg/kg之间,方法回收率为78%~113%。结论该方法灵敏度高、特异性强、操作简单、有机试剂使用较少,适用于小麦样品的检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定小麦中的4种限量真菌毒素

目的建立复合免疫亲和柱净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定小麦中4种限量真菌毒素的分析方法。方法小麦样品粉碎后,通过80%的乙腈水溶液(V:V)提取后,采用复合免疫亲和柱净化,并利用超高效液相色谱串联质谱的多反应监测模式进行测定分析。色谱柱为ACQUITYUPLCBEHC18柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7μm),以10 mmol/L乙酸铵(含0.1%甲酸)-甲醇为流动相梯度洗脱,在电喷雾电离模式下正、负离子同时扫描检测,采用外标法定量。结果在8.0 min内可以完成4种真菌毒素的测定,在相应的线性范围内,回归方程的相关系数均超过0.999,3个加标水平下,回收率为82.0%~103.0%,相对标准偏差为5.2%~9.7%。结论该方法快速、准确、高效,适用于小麦及其制品中4种限量真菌毒素的同时测定。     

分散微固相萃取-同位素内标法-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水果中的吗啉

目的建立分散微固相萃取-同位素内标法-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定水果中吗啉残留量的检测方法。方法样品经含1%甲酸的乙腈提取,经分散微固相萃取净化、超高效液相色谱BEH HILIC色谱柱分离后,经串联质谱检测,同位素内标法定量。结果吗啉在0~200μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,线性相关系数为0.9998。相对标准偏差(relative standard derivation,RSD)为1.2%~2.9%,加标回收率为93.0%~101.6%。结论本方法采用同位素内标法,具有灵敏度高、精密度和准确度好等优点,简便快捷,适合水果中吗啉的日常检测工作。     

杂质吸附固相萃取–液相色谱串联质谱法同时测定粮食中15种真菌毒素

建立了同步检测粮食中15种真菌毒素的杂质吸附固相萃取–超高效液相色谱串联质谱方法。样品经0.1%酸化84%乙腈水溶液提取,杂质吸附柱Prime-HLB净化后,加入稳定同位素内标补偿基质效应干扰,选择Phenomenon Kinetex Bipheny l100A作为分离柱,采用梯度洗脱,超高效液相色谱–串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）检测,内标法定量。结果表明,15种真菌毒素的线性相关系数均大于0.996,检出限为0.2~15 μg/kg,定量限为0.8~30 μg/kg;三种基质3个添加水平的回收率为76.9%~116.1%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.4%~10%;对玉米基质标准物质进行检测验证,表明8种真菌毒素的检测值均在标示范围内;采用本方法检测了市售粮食135批次,共有97批样品检出真菌毒素,检出率为71%,多毒素同时污染现象较为普遍。方法可用于粮食及其制品中真菌毒素的快速检测。     

超高效液相色谱串联-质谱法同时测定香辛料中7种真菌毒素

建立了同时测定香辛料中7种真菌毒素的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法(UPLC-MS/MS)。选用香辛料中的辣椒、花椒和八角为研究对象,粉碎后的样品用70%甲醇水溶液提取,6合1免疫亲和柱净化,ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3色谱柱分离,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)多反应离子监测方式监测,外标法定量。结果表明,7种真菌毒素在各自的线性响应范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均不低于0.995,7种真菌毒素的定量限为0.5~20 μg/kg。低、中、高3个加标水平平均回收率(n=6)为67.25%~113.47%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.07%~10.20%。该方法具有前处理简单、净化效果好、灵敏度高和高通量检测的优点,适用于香辛料中多组分真菌毒素残留的分离和检测。     

同位素内标-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定小麦和玉米中19种真菌毒素

建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定小麦和玉米中19种真菌毒素的检测方法。样品经乙腈:水:甲酸(80:18:2)溶液提取、离心、浓缩后,以C18色谱柱分离,甲醇-甲酸水溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正负离子（ESI+、ESI-）同时电离,多反应监测模式检测,同位素内标法定量。19种真菌毒素在一定含量范围内均具有良好的线性关系（r2≥0.992）,定量限范围为0.12～30 μg/kg,在低、中、高三个添加浓度水平下的回收率范围为61%～117%,相对标准偏差小于15%（n=6）,满足日常检测方法性能要求。本方法操作简便、灵敏度高、重现性好,适用于小麦、玉米等粮食中多种真菌毒素的同时测定。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定玉米、花生、麦仁中的9种真菌毒素

建立玉米、花生、麦仁中9 种真菌毒素的超高效液相色谱- 串联质谱确证方法。样品用甲醇- 水溶液和磷酸缓冲液(PBS)双重提取后直接过真菌毒素免疫亲和柱净化;氮气吹干后用的乙腈- 水溶液(50:50,V/V)定容,超高效液相色谱- 串联质谱(LC-MS-MS)测定,电喷雾正、负离子(ESI+、ESI －)多反应模式监测。结果表明,样品中真菌毒素在0.1～400μg/kg 范围内时与其峰面积呈良好线性关系,定量限为0.1～20μg/kg,3 个加标水平下平均回收率为59.5%～118.8%,相对标准偏差为2.4%～12.8%,符合痕量分析的要求。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定酿酒原料中10种真菌毒素

建立酿酒原料中10种真菌毒素的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)检测方法。样品经84%乙腈提取后,采用黄曲霉毒素免疫亲和柱净化、外标法定量4种黄曲霉毒素;使用多功能柱净化、同位素内标法定量样品中另外6种真菌毒素。结果表明,10种真菌毒素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,相关系数不低于0.998,10种化合物检出限为0.0022~1.79μg/L,定量限为0.075~5.95μg/L;加标回收率为61%~116.2%,相对标准偏差为0.88%~8.61%。该方法具有灵敏度高、稳定性好、定量准确的特点,适用于不同酿酒原料中多种真菌毒素的定量检测。     

免疫亲和净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中玉米赤霉烯酮类真菌毒素

建立食品中6种玉米赤霉烯酮类(α-玉米赤霉醇、β-玉米赤霉醇、α-玉米赤霉烯醇、β-玉米赤霉烯醇、玉米赤霉酮、玉米赤霉烯酮)真菌毒素的免疫亲和净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测的实验方法。样品经80%乙腈溶液提取,通过免疫亲和柱净化富集,用2 mL乙腈洗脱,氮吹至近干,0.5 mL 50%乙腈溶液复溶,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱进行测定。在ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3反相柱上分离,梯度洗脱,流动相为乙腈和水,质谱采集模式为电喷雾负离子多反应监测模式。6种目标物的线性范围为0.1~100μg/L,相关系数(R~2)均大于0.992,检出限为0.05μg/kg,定量限为0.2μg/kg,3个不同水平的加标平均回收率为73.0%~119.1%,相对标准偏差不大于10%。该方法具有操作简单、重复性好、灵敏度高、杂质干扰小等特点,可以用于食品中玉米赤霉烯酮类真菌毒素的检测。     

药食同源中药材中16种真菌毒素的测定与分析

目的:建立同位素标记-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)测定药食同源中药材中16种真菌毒素的分析方法,并利用该方法对市售的483份药食同源样品进行检测分析.方法:样品用乙腈-水(50/50,V/V)提取,MycoSpinTM 400多毒素净化柱净化,经Acquity UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(10...     

免疫亲和柱结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中的16种真菌毒素比较研究

目的 通过比较5种不同商品化多合一免疫亲和柱的可检测目标毒素种类、回收率和稳定性,筛选性能最优的免疫亲和柱,建立免疫亲和前处理-超高效液相色谱串联质谱（ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS）测定牛奶中16种真菌毒的方法。方法 牛奶样品分别经5种不同多毒素免疫亲和柱进行净化富集,用优化后的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法,在多反应监测模式下测定,同位素内标法定量,筛选覆盖牛奶中真菌毒素污染种类全面、回收率和稳定性最佳的免疫亲和柱,并进行免疫亲和柱性能评价和方法学验证,最终将方法应用于实际样品检测。结果 免疫亲和柱A对牛奶中16种真菌毒素在低、中、高三个添加水平均具有良好的准确度和精密度,加标回收率83.6%~126.8%之间, 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations,RSDs)为0.2%~18.4%。柱A内各毒素残留水平低于仪器检出限,柱容量在21.8~1317ng之间。使用免疫亲和柱A富集净化样品,各目标毒素在线性范围内线性有良好,相关系数（r）均大于 0. 998,定量限（limits of quantification,LOQs）为0.0010 ng/g~0.2000 ng/g。应用该方法对牛奶质控样品和实际样品进行检测,质控样品测定值均在标示范围内;实际样品中能够检出较低水平的AFM1,DOM-1和FB1。结论 本研究验证筛选免疫亲和柱A应用于牛奶中16 种真菌毒素的测定,其柱残留和柱容量能够满足牛奶中真菌毒素污染的测定;经方法学验证该方法准确可靠,灵敏度高,适用于牛奶中16种真菌毒素的日常检测。     

Quantitative Analysis of 10 Mycotoxins in Wheat Flour by Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography‐Tandem Mass Spectrometry with a Modified QuEChERS Strategy

A simple and sensitive analytical method for quantitative analysis of 10 mycotoxins was developed and validated by a combination of modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) procedure with ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐MS/MS). Sample preparation involved QuEChERS with dispersive solid phase extraction for clean‐up, and analysis was performed by reversed‐phase UHPLC‐MS/MS using electrospray negative ionization and multiple reaction monitoring. Under optimized conditions, the calibration curves displayed good linear relationships with all coefficients of determinations (r²) higher than 0.998. The limits of quantification for all target mycotoxins were lower than 7 μg/kg. Trueness and precision for the analytes were 70% to 116% average recoveries and 2% to 13% relative standard deviations (RSDs). The validated method was used to analyze 46 wheat flour samples for the targeted mycotoxins. The method can be used as a rapid and robust tool for screening mycotoxin in cereal products.     

Simultaneous determination of 10 mycotoxins in grain by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry using 13C15-deoxynivalenol as internal standard

An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of 10 mycotoxins in grain was developed. The selected mycotoxins were: deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, nivalenol, fusarenon X, moniliformin, zearalenone, zearalanone, ochratoxin A and ochratoxin B. The samples were extracted with aqueous acetonitrile (84?:?16,?v/v) and purified by reliable laboratory-made mixed cartridges. The analytes were separated on an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (100?×?2.1?mm,?1.8?µm) and eluted with a mobile phase of water containing 0.2% aqueous ammonia and acetonitrile/methanol (90?:?10,?v/v). All mycotoxins were detected with a Waters Micromass Quattro Ultima Pt tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer operating in negative electrospray ionization using multiple reaction monitoring mode. Accurate determination was achieved by employing commercial ¹³C₁₅-deoxynivalenol as internal standard, which compensated for target loss and eliminated matrix effects. The established method was further validated by determining the linearity (R ^2?>?0.9990), average recovery (75.8–106.5%), sensitivity (limit of quantitation 0.09–8.48?µg?kg^?1) and precision (relative standard deviation?≤?6.9%). It was shown to be a suitable method for simultaneous determination of 10 mycotoxins in grain. Finally, a total of 69 corn samples randomly collected from eastern and northern China were analyzed. The results showed that deoxynivalenol was the most frequently detected contaminant, whilst 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, nivalenol, zearalenone, zearalanone, fusarenon X and moniliformin also occurred frequently. Ochratoxin A and ochratoxin B were present only in trace amounts in a small number of samples.     

Occurrence of emerging mycotoxins in cereals and cereal-based products from the Korean market using LC-MS/MS

The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of emerging mycotoxins in cereals (n = 61) and cereal-based products (n = 36) collected from Korean market. First of all, using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction method, and ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC) with triple quadruple tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), we developed a simple and fast method for quantitative determination of eight emerging mycotoxins including alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), tentoxin (TEN), beauvericin (BEA) and enniatins (ENs; ENA, ENA1, ENB and ENB1). The developed analytical method was validated in parameters of linearity, precision and accuracy. For UPLC-MS/MS analysis, the recoveries of emerging mycotoxins from spiked samples at three concentration levels ranged from 82.7% to 108.8% with RSDs between 0.4% and 14.7%. Analytical methods were applied to determine the contamination of mycotoxins in cereal and cereal-based product samples. Sixty-three of the total 97 samples were contaminated with at least one emerging mycotoxin. The maximum number of emerging mycotoxins observed in a single sample was six out of eight analytes. The highest level of contamination was detected in cereal at 70.9 μg/kg for alternariol monomethyl ether (AME). However, currently there is no international standard for emerging mycotoxins in food. Accordingly, it is necessary to establish a database of emerging mycotoxins contamination through continuous monitoring.     

自制固相萃取柱-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定果蔬中的8 种真菌毒素

建立基于自制固相萃取柱的样品净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定果蔬中8 种主要真菌毒素的方法,包括链格孢毒素、展青霉素、赭曲霉毒素A及橘青霉素。样品经80%乙腈溶液提取、离心后,通过自制固相萃取柱（HLB＋MCX）排除杂质干扰,流出液经氮吹至近干后,直接用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱进行测定,基质外标法定量。在较宽的线性范围内,8 种毒素的线性相关系数（r2）均不小于0.99,定量限为1～5 μg/kg,在3 个不同添加水平下的加标回收率为76.0%～102.7%,相对标准偏差为0.8%～4.7%。该法灵敏度高,操作简单﹑快速,适用于苹果、樱桃和番茄等果蔬中痕量真菌毒素的测定。     

Determination of sulbactam in raw bovine milk by isotope dilution–ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

We developed a sensitive and selective isotope dilution ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of sulbactam residue in raw bovine milk. Sulbactam and internal standard, sulbactam-d₅, were extracted from raw bovine milk via liquid-liquid extraction and enriched with strong anion exchange solid-phase extraction cartridges and finally analyzed by using UPLC-MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was validated according to European regulations. The calibration curve showed good linearity, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998. Decision limit and detection capability of sulbactam were determined by matrix calibration curve and were 0.0445 and 0.0517 μg/L, respectively. The recoveries of sulbactam in fortified raw bovine milk ranged from 72.1 to 91.5%, with the intra- and interday relative standard deviations ranging from 3.0 to 18.9%. Furthermore, the developed method was applied to analyzing real raw bovine milk samples collected from dairy farms in Beijing, China. Sulbactam was not determined in all samples. The proposed method could ultimately serve as a methodological foundation for the determination of sulbactam in different types of raw milk and dairy products.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中24 种真菌毒素

运用基质分散固相萃取净化,建立牛奶中24 种真菌毒素（黄曲霉毒素B1、黄曲霉毒素B2、黄曲霉毒素G1、黄曲霉毒素G2、黄曲霉毒素M1、赭曲霉毒素A、玉米赤霉烯酮、玉米赤霉酮、α-玉米赤霉烯醇、β-玉米赤霉烯醇、α-玉米赤霉醇、β-玉米赤霉醇、T-2毒素、HT-2霉素、伏马毒素B1、伏马毒素B2、伏马毒素B3、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、15-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、交链孢霉单甲基醚、交链孢酚、腾毒素、细交链孢菌酮酸）多残留检测的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。样品经80%乙腈溶液（体积分数）提取,通过基质分散固相萃取净化,氮吹至近干,1 mL 50%乙腈溶液（体积分数）复溶,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱进行测定。经ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3反相柱（2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm）分离,梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾离子源-多反应监测模式采集。24 种目标物的相关系数（R2）均大于0.985,加标回收率为71.0%～123.0%,相对标准偏差均小于10%。该方法具有操作简单、重复性好、灵敏度高、杂质干扰小等特点,可以用于牛奶中24 种真菌毒素的检测。     

Determination of melamine and its analogues in egg by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using an isotope dilution technique

A method was developed for the simultaneous determination of melamine, ammeline, ammelide, and cyanuric acid in egg using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The samples were first extracted by the solution of diethylamine–water–acetonitrile (10:40:50, v/v/v). Clean-up employed an ‘On Guard II’ RP cartridge, and the dried elute was derivatised using bis-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) with 1% trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS). Derivatised samples were analysed by GC-MS/MS using multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) with ¹³C₃-¹⁵N₃-labelled melamine and cyanuric acid as internal standards. Blank samples of egg were spiked with the four analytes at concentration level of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 mg kg^?1, and the intra-day and inter-day recoveries were in the range 75.7–122.5% with the relative standard deviation (RSD) from 2.6% to 22.8%. Decision limits (CCα, α = 0.01) for melamine, ammeline, ammelide, and cyanuric acid in egg samples and milk powder were 3.5–5.9 and 2.5 to 3.8 µg kg^?1, and the detection capabilities (CCβ, β = 0.05) were 4.9–8.4 and 3.6–9.5 µg kg^?1, respectively. The method was successfully applied to egg samples and milk products as well. Satisfactory results were obtained as part of the 2009 European Union melamine proficiency test.