无缝钢管涡流探伤和漏磁探伤比较

阐述了无缝钢管在轧制过程中产生的表面和内部缺陷的两种探伤方法，即涡流探伤和漏磁探伤。介绍了两种方法的基本原理，分析比较它们在无缝钢管探伤中的应用特点。     

低合金钢中厚板探伤缺陷的原因分析与探讨

本文针对生产低合金中厚钢板出现超声波探伤缺陷的现象，分析探讨缺陷的产生原因及形成机理。从而采取有效措施，防止钢板缺陷的产生，提高探伤合格率。     

浅谈管座角焊缝的超声波探伤

本文主要介绍了压煮器管座角焊缝的超声波探伤中，应选用的探伤工艺、探伤方法和步骤，通过对探伤波形的分析，来进行缺陷的判断，以保证压煮器管座角焊缝的质量。     

空压机叶轮磁粉探伤的探讨

本文介绍了包钢氧气厂空压机叶轮磁粉探伤中，探伤的原理，磁化方法的选择，以及如何正确确定缺陷产生的位置和方向，找出缺陷对实际应用有较好的参考意义。     

SUJ2银亮钢棒近表面超声波探伤方法的研究

本文介绍了SUJ2棒材近表面缺陷的探伤方法,探讨了横波探伤技术在棒材近表面缺陷探伤工艺中的有关入射角、探测范围、水层等技术参数的数学表达式,经验证采用横波探伤技术对棒材近表面缺陷的探伤是一项有效的探伤方法,满足了SUJ2棒材质量控制的要求.     

怎样识别压力容器焊缝超声波探伤中变型波

用压力容器对接焊缝超声波探伤过程中。在一定条件下会产生变型干扰波，很容易被误判为缺陷波。通过分析变型波的产生机理和总结实际探伤经验，明确了这种假设缺陷回渡产生的原因及特点。对压力容器焊缝超声波探伤有参考意义。     

15MnNbR钢探伤缺陷分析报告

本文主要分析了15MnNbR钢的探伤缺陷，找出了探伤合格率不高的原因。提高该钢种的探伤合格率，对提高钢种质量、增强重钢产品的市场竞争力有积极的意义。     

旋转式加穿过式涡流探伤方法的应用探讨

旋转式加穿过式组合涡流探伤方法，是目前超薄壁管、内螺纹管探伤的最佳方案，既弥补了穿过式线圈对长条形缺陷的漏检又解决了旋转头对短缺陷的漏检，对产品质量的提高起到巨大作用。     

自动探伤设备检测缺陷能力的评价试验

采用若干符合用户要求的带有两种人工缺陷的样管,在钢管公司的漏磁探伤和超声波探伤机组进行了自动探伤设备检测缺陷能力的评价试验。结果表明,各探伤机组全部能够稳定地检测出钢管存在的横、纵向缺陷。漏磁探伤对斜向缺陷的检出效果优于超声波探伤。公司主要自动探伤设备能力能够满足大型石油公司的要求。     

提高厚规格钢板探伤不合的措施

规格钢板一般要求以探伤或探伤＋热处理状态交货。但生产的厚规格钢板探伤容易不合，且在大于50mm以上的特厚钢板现象更明显。探伤的主要缺陷有点密、长条、裂纹、面积缺陷及分层性缺陷。分析认为：钢板的疏松、偏析、废金属夹杂、气体及轧制生产中的不标准操作都可能导致探伤不合。提高的措施主要有：     

Auger electron spectroscopy analysis at the ultrasonically welded interface between alumina and aluminum

In the ultrasonic welding process, it is well known that the bonding between both faying surfaces can be completed by ultrasonically agitating them for a short duration, such as 1 second, at room temperature. In this study, the atomic interaction (chemical bonding) across the interface between aluminum and an alumina ceramic, which was ultrasonically bonded using an ultrasonic pulse that lasted for a short time of 1.5 seconds, was analyzed by means of Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) in order to clarify whether chemical bonding can be achieved across the interface. The Auger spectra analyses results suggest that chemical bonding exists between Al and O across the aluminum/alumina interface bonded ultrasonically for short duration of 1.5 seconds, and that aluminum was chemically bonded to alumina.     

Correlation of mechanical properties with nondestructive evaluation of babbitt metal/bronze composite interface

Interfaces of the babbitt metal-bronze composite were examined ultrasonically and were fractured using the Chalmers test method. It was found that the ultrasonic results correlated with the bond strength, the ductility, and the degree of bonding at the tested interface. Specifically, high ultrasonic reflection percentages were associated with low bond strength, low ductility, and low percentages of bonded regions. The fracture mechanism in the bonded area of the babbitt-bronze interface is related to the presence of the intermetallic compound, Cu₆Sn₅, at the interface. It is suggested that the non-destructive ultrasonic technique can detect the bond integrity of babbitted metals.     

超声强化含锌尘泥浸出机理及动力学

采用低共熔溶剂为浸出剂，进行从含锌尘泥超声浸锌试验。分析了超声功率、温度、液固比、搅拌速率、反应时间等对锌浸出率的影响。结果表明：在超声功率90 W、温度40 ℃、液固比7 mL/g、转速250 r/min、浸出时间80 min条件下，锌超声浸出率可达98.48%。超声强化浸出过程受混合固体产物层的控制，表观活化能为11.23 kJ/mol。     

Effect of ultrasonicated carboxymethylglucan on cyclophosphamide induced mutagenicity

Carboxymethylglucan (CMG) with ultrasonically lowered molecular weight (0.89 x 10(5)) was administered either intraperitoneally, intravenously or orally prior to cyclophosphamide (CP) injection and its effect on the frequency of micronuclei in mouse bone marrow was evaluated. Both parenteral (intraperitoneal and intravenous) and oral administration of CMG decreased the clastogenic effect of CP. The protective effect induced by intravenous and intraperitoneal administration was concentration-dependent, with a higher decrease achieved by 200 mg/kg than by 100 mg/kg body weight. With the lower dose of CMG a 2-h interval was necessary between intravenous CMG administration and CP injection. Oral pretreatment of mice with CMG decreased statistically significantly the frequency of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes of the bone marrow. The fact that ultrasonically depolymerized CMG was effective also on oral administration is indicative of the passage of smaller CMG molecules through the wall of the gastrointestinal tract.     

An ultrasonic scalpel for laparoscopic gynecologic surgery

In order to obtain good results in laparoscopic surgery the surgeon should be well trained and experienced and the equipment perfect. The recent innovation in laparoscopic surgery is the ultrasonically activated scalpel. Scissors make the working part of scalpel with one hand vibrating 55,000 Hz in a second. The effect reflects in braking hydrogen links and denaturation of proteins in instant haemostasis and coagulation in blood vessels, and there is no need of tying them up. Practically, there is no damaging of the surrounding tissues. The technique is easy to use. When performing laparoscopic vaginal hysterectomy and adnexectomy the ligamentum infundibulopelvicum and ligamentum rotundum are cut, and there the blood vessels are not thicker than 3 millimeters. As these ligaments are easy to reach with ultrasonically activated scalpel, we can say that this instrument is the ideal option for laparoscopic vaginal hysterectomy.     

熔体处理方法对纯铝铸锭超声波除气的影响

研究了不同的熔体处理方法对纯铝铸锭超声波除气的影响,分析了影响超声波除气效果的原因.结果表明,采用合适的超声波处理,可显著地降低铸锭内的含气量.     

Fetal biparietal diameter and birth weight. An interpopulation comparison

Data on the biparietal diameter (BPD), determined ultrasonically, of the full-term South African Negroid fetus are presented. Population differences in the absolute value of the BPD and the linear regression of birth weight on the biparietal dimension are emphasised. The possible biological explanations for these differences are discussed.     

Aluminum beam leaded chips,substrates and crossovers: A single metal system

A single metal system for beam-leaded chips, substrates and crossovers has been shown to be feasible using aluminum. Beams were formed on both ceramic substrates with holes tented with Riston (a sheet photoresist) and on silicon wafers by vacuum evaporation of aluminum from multiple tungsten filaments, and subsequent delineation and etching using photolithographic techniques. The chips with beams were separated from the wafer by anisotropic etching, and the tenting material removed from the ceramic by dissolution in appropriate solvents or an oxygen plasma. Beams were formed on polyimide sheet by photolithographically etching an adhesiveless laminate of aluminum on polyimide. Actual working samples have been fabricated of aluminum beam leads on ceramic and plastic substrates, aluminum beam leaded crossovers on ceramic, aluminum crossovers on plastic using multilayers and aluminum beam leaded silicon chips. Standard integrated circuit chips have been ultrasonically bonded into these substrates and the beam leaded chips have been ultrasonically bonded to an aluminum coated substrate. Environmental physical tests have shown the beam leads and crossovers to be rugged.     

Spinal anesthesia with 2% plain lidocaine for ultrasonically guided vaginal oocyte retrieval]

Spinal anesthesia with 3 ml of 2% plain lidocaine was administered to 10 women for ultrasonically guided vaginal oocyte retrieval. Spread of anesthesia was assessed by skin vasodilatation, change of skin texture, loss of goose flesh reflex, and loss of cold as well as pin-prick sensation, and we studied time to complete motor block, time to two-segment regression, time to full motor and sensory recovery, ambulation time, haemodynamic parameters, and postoperative complications. The highest sensory block assessed by pin-prick was up to Th 8.3 +/- 3.4 10 min following spinal anesthesia. All patients had complete motor block and this was achieved at 9.0 +/- 1.7 min. Times to two-segment regression, full motor and sensory recovery, and ambulation were 84.5 +/- 31.0, 147.5 +/- 24.7, 176.5 +/- 23.2, and 203.3 +/- 50.0 min, respectively. No serious side effects were observed during the operation and postoperatively. We concluded that 3 ml of 2% plain lidocaine provided adequate spinal anesthesia for ultrasonically guided vaginal oocyte retrieval.     

Prenatal detection of genetic disorders by ultrasonically guided amniocentesis in twin pregnancy (author's transl)

In contrast to former opinions detection of genetic disorders in early multiple pregnancy is possible by advanced techniques of amniocentesis Prenatal diagnosis has been performed in a twin pregnancy of an 41 years old patient by two ultrasonically guided amniocenteses. Injection of Indigo carmin after the first puncture showed two separate amnion cavities. Postpartal findings proved prenatal diagnosis.