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《Journal of Experimental Nanoscience》2013,8(5):547-556
In this article, we report the synthesis of ultra-long carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by thermal chemical vapour deposition method. Ultra-long, individual and aligned CNTs were directly grown on a flat silicon substrate. The orientation of the nanotubes was found parallel to the gas flow direction. The ultra-long CNTs were grown with different transition metallic salts, such as nickel chloride, iron (III) chloride, cobalt acetate and ruthenium acetate, as the catalysts. The influence of the growth conditions, such as growth temperature, reactive gas flow on the length and alignment of the CNTs was studied in detail. By using different catalysts, ultra-long single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) or multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were successfully grown. These ultra-long CNTs were transferred to other substrates by two methods. (1) The first method is to use polydimethylsiloxane as a stamp. (2) The second method is to use KOH as an etching agent. The diameter and length of the CNTs were characterised by transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope and Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate that the length of the CNTs can reach up to 4?mm. The diameter of the SWCNTs is in the range of 0.7–2.1?nm and the diameter of the MWCNTs is approximately 150?nm. 相似文献
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单壁碳纳米管和多壁碳纳米管的合成和应用研究得到广泛的关注和重视,并已取得了许多令人鼓舞的成果。双壁碳纳米管(DWCNTs)作为介于单壁碳纳米管和多壁碳纳米管之间的一种特殊结构碳纳米管,由于潜在的应用价值及作为研究碳纳米管层间作用最简单和理想的模型开始得到高度重视。介绍了双壁碳纳米管合成方法及理论和应用研究取得的进展。 相似文献
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分别采用单壁碳纳米管(SWNTs)和多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)这两种碳纳米管(CNTs)制备不同的CNTs/Lyocell复合纤维,探讨了碳纳米管类型对复合纤维的结构与性能的影响。结果表明,碳纳米管类型并未影响CNTs/Lyocell纤维的结晶结构,质量分数为1%的SWNTs或MWNTs在Lyocell基体中分布都比较... 相似文献
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碳纳米管的制备、表征及其在电子领域中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
碳纳米管的独特结构使它具有奇特的性质和广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了碳纳米管的结构和性质,对碳纳米管的制备现状、表征及其在电子领域的应用做了详细的回顾。 相似文献
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纳米碳管与活性炭复合电极电吸附脱盐性能的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为考察纳米碳管(CNTs)、活性炭(AC)及其复合电极的电吸附脱盐性能,将其粉末压制成电极,组装成脱盐器,比较电极电吸附脱盐能力和脱盐能耗。结果表明,在活性炭电极中添加纳米碳管有效地降低了电极电阻和脱盐能耗,少量纳米碳管的添加能在一定程度上提高其电极比表面积、孔容以及在盐水中的比电容;当复合电极中纳米碳管的含量为10%时,其电极在盐水中的电吸附比电容达到113.5F/g,其电极脱盐效果最为显著,其脱盐耗能比活性炭电极降低约67%左右。 相似文献
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碳纳米管(CNT)优异的力学性能使其成为复合材料优选的增强体。CNT/聚合物复合材料的力学性能主要受其界面结合性能的影响。综述了CNT/聚合物复合材料界面结合性能的研究方法和研究现状。对CNT/聚合物复合材料界面结合性能的研究,实验上采用微观表征技术、拉曼光谱分析技术和纳米力学拔出法,分子模拟方法则是通过对CNT施加位移或外力模拟CNT从聚合物基体中的抽拔过程。概述了聚合物的类型、晶态结构以及CNT的手性、功能化处理等因素对CNT/聚合物复合材料界面结合性能的影响,并展望了CNT/聚合物复合材料界面结合性能未来研究的重点方向。 相似文献
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采用不同方法将多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)混合于中间相沥青中,利用氮压式单孔纺丝机进行纺丝,经预氧化、碳化后制得了纳米炭复合纤维,对比研究了混合方式对纳米炭复合纤维的结构和性能的影响.研究结果表明,MWNTs的加入最终改变了纤维的微观结构,尤其经浓酸处理后显著提高了纳米炭复合纤维的力学性能. 相似文献
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Saber M. Hussain Laura K. Braydich‐Stolle Amanda M. Schrand Richard C. Murdock Kyung O. Yu David M. Mattie John J. Schlager Mauricio Terrones 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2009,21(16):1549-1559
Recent developments in the field of nanotechnology involving the synthesis of novel nanomaterials (NM) have attracted the attention of numerous scientists owing to the possibility of degradative perturbations in human health. This Review evaluates previous investigations related to NM toxicity studies using biological models and describes the limitations that often prevent toxicologists from identifying whether NM pose a real hazard to human health. One major limitation to assess toxicity is the characterization of the NM prior to and after exposure to living cells or animals. The most relevant physicochemical characteristics of NM are: size, surface chemistry, crystallinity, morphology, solubility, aggregation tendency, homogeneity of dispersions, and turbidity. All of these properties need to be assessed in order to determine their contribution to toxicity. Due to the lack of appropriate methods to determine the physicochemical nature of nanoparticles in biological systems, the exact nature of NM toxicity is not fully described or understood at this time. This Review emphasizes the need for state‐of‐the‐art physicochemical characterization, the determination of appropriate exposure protocols and reliable methods for assessing NM internalization and their kinetics in living organisms. Once these issues are addressed, optimal experimental conditions could be established in order to identify if NM pose a threat to human health. Multidisciplinary research between materials scientists and life scientists should overcome these limitations in identifying the true hazards of NM. 相似文献
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Rajat Kanti Paul Maziar Ghazinejad Miroslav Penchev Jian Lin Mihrimah Ozkan Cengiz Sinan Ozkan 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,6(20):2309-2313
Graphene is a single sheet of carbon atoms with outstanding electrical and physical properties and is being exploited for applications in electronics, sensors, photovoltaics, and energy storage. A novel 3D architecture called a pillared graphene nanostructure (PGN) is a combination of two allotropes of carbon, including graphene and carbon nanotubes. A one‐step chemical vapor deposition process for large‐area PGN fabrication via a combination of surface catalysis and in situ vapor–liquid–solid mechanisms is described. A process by which PGN layers can be transferred onto arbitrary substrates while keeping the 3D architecture intact is also described. Single and multilayer stacked PGNs are envisioned for future ultralarge and tunable surface‐area applications in hydrogen storage and supercapacitors. 相似文献