中国山葡萄产业的发展及对策

本文介绍了国内外山葡萄研究现状和取得的研究成果,统计目前我国山葡萄生产栽培的面积、品种布局、产量和效益,重点总结了山葡萄生产栽培和山葡萄酒生产中存在的问题,并提出推进山葡萄产业持续发展的对策.     

中国山葡萄产业的发展及对策

本文介绍了国内外山葡萄研究现状和取得的研究成果,统计目前我国山葡萄生产栽培的面积、品种布局、产量和效益,重点总结了山葡萄生产栽培和山葡萄酒生产中存在的问题,并提出推进山葡萄产业持续发展的对策。     

广西山葡萄中有机酸的分析

野生山葡萄中的有机酸对葡萄酒的类型、品质优劣有很大关系。分析山葡萄汁中的有机酸对确立葡萄酒的生产工艺具有很关键的指导性的作用。本文对广西地域的主要山葡萄品种的有机酸进行了测定和分析,为山葡萄的生产提供了实验数据,为酿造具有独特风格和高品质的山葡萄酒提供了依据。     

试论山葡萄酒今后的生产技术方向

山葡萄是依自然条件而定丰、欠年景的。近些年来封山育林,不准烧山火,老蔓得不到更新;又加上有的山区是军占禁区,群众见到葡萄就抢采,枝条保护不够;再加上山货多,山葡萄收购价低,所以,近几年山葡萄远远满足不了各酒厂的需要。因此,今后要想保持原料供应,乃是各厂家的生产命运问题了。为了不减少原料,保持山葡萄酒独特的风格,我想应当采取如下措施,改进生产技术,保证原料的需求量。     

爽口型(加气起泡)山葡萄酒的生产工艺研究

通过对加气起泡山葡萄酒的研制,利用山葡萄酒发酵工艺,以长白山特产野生山葡萄为原料,生产爽口型葡萄酒。从原料的选择、发酵生产到葡萄原酒的后处理、澄清以及调配,再到最后的加气灌装成含二氧化碳气体的红葡萄酒。     

黑龙江果露酒生产史略考

一葡萄酒据考,黑龙江历史上并无家葡萄栽培,也许是这儿气候冷凉之故。所以这里所说的葡萄酒,基本是指利用山葡萄生产的酒。山葡萄乃黑龙江之特产,开始主要为生食。葡萄成熟季节(九月中旬),人们从山坡、丘陵等处采摘后拿到市场出卖。二十世纪二十年代末,人们才开始用山葡萄压汁制     

山葡萄品种双优和双红在松原地区的栽培表现

山葡萄是我国特有的酿酒葡萄,过去主要集中在吉林省通化、左家等中高湿润地区。这些地区高温多雨,日照时数较短,晚霜发生频率高,因此在生产中易感霜霉病,易受晚霜危害,果实含糖量较低,酸度较高,产量不稳定,从而制约了山葡萄酒品位的提升和产业发展。为了探清山葡萄对吉林省中西     

提高山葡萄酒质量的探讨

山葡萄酒是一种甜味红葡萄酒,它是利用山区的野生葡萄酿制而成,所以叫做山葡萄酒。我国劳动人民很早就利用野生葡萄酿酒,直到新中国成立以后,山葡萄酒生产才获得了飞跃的发展。当前东北地区山葡萄酒的总产量超过解放前几百倍,而且被评为全国优质酒之一,在国内外市场颇受欢迎。     

果胶酶在野生山葡萄酒生产中的应用试验

通过对野生山葡萄酒生产的不同工序阶段进行果胶酶应用试验，提出只有在后发酵结束后新山葡萄原酒入窖贮藏前进行果胶酶处理才能提高野生山葡萄原酒质量，加速原酒成熟。     

果胶酶在野山生葡萄酒生产中的应用试验

通过对野生山葡萄酒生产的不同工序阶段进行果胶酶应用试验，提出只有在后发酵结束后新山葡萄原酒入窖贮藏前进行果胶酶处理才能提高野生山葡萄原酒质量，加速原酒成熟。     

葡萄品种光合特性的研究

在葡萄浆果膨大期,用LI-6400便携式光合作用测定仪测定17个葡萄品种的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr),并进行各指标相关分析.结果表明:不同种的葡萄品种光合作用存在明显差异,欧美杂种的葡萄品种Pn通常高于欧亚种,欧美杂种康拜尔早生Pn最高,欧亚种白毕歌布尔和玫瑰香最低,且与其它品种之间差异显著.Pn与Gs、Tr显著相关,Gs与Ci、Tr显著相关.     

Influence of pressing method on juice stilbene content in muscadine and bunch grapes

ABSTRACT:  Juice stilbene contents of 2 muscadine ( Vitis rotundifolia) cultivars, Noble and Carlos, and 2 bunch grape ( Vitis labrusca) cultivars, Mid South and Miss Blanc were evaluated after crushing and pressing. Four commercial pressing methods were used to produce juice: (1) cold press of fresh berries (CP); (2) hot press of fresh berries (HP); (3) cold press of frozen and thawed berries (FCP); and (4) cold press of pectolytic enzyme treated berries (ECP). Free run juice (FRJ) from the crusher without pressing was also tested. An HPLC with a UV detector was used to verify the presence and quantity of resveratrol, piceid, and their isomers. For the muscadine juices, total stilbenes were greater for HP and FCP than for FRJ and CP treatments. Trans -resveratrol was only detected in HP juices of the muscadines at levels near the detection limits. The bunch grape cultivars behaved similar to the muscadines in the processing treatments. HP juice had the greatest total stilbene levels and was significantly greater than FRJ, CP, and FCP. Total stilbene levels in juices from the 2 bunch grape cultivars, were higher (up to 5 times greater depending on pressing method) than for the muscadine grape cultivars. Total stilbene levels in muscadine juices treated with pectinase before pressing (ECP) were similar to those of the FCP samples. Juice from FCP and ECP treated Noble muscadine had total stilbene levels greater than FRJ and CP but less than HP levels. Juices from HP-, ECP-, and FCP-treated Carlos muscadine had total stilbene levels greater than for FRJ and CP juices.     

Comparison of phenolic and chromatic characteristics of dry red wines made from native Chinese grape species and vitis vinifera

The phenolic and chromatic characteristics of dry red wines made from native Chinese species (Vitis amurensis and its hybrids, and V. davidii) and V. vinifera were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography/triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry and spectrophotometer, respectively. V. amurensis and its hybrids wines had higher phenolic percentage of non-coumaroylated 3, 5-O-diglucosidic anthocyanins, V. davidii wines had higher phenolic percentage of coumaroylated 3, 5-O-diglucosidic anthocyanins, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, V. vinifera wines had higher phenolic percentage offlavan-3-ols and 3-O-monoglucosidic anthocyanins. Wines of native Chinese species had relatively higher blue % value and lower red % value. By the use of principal component analysis and Pearson correlation analysis, specific phenolic compounds could be recognized as phenolic fingerprints of different wines, which not only play an important role in wine differentiation, but also explain their chromatic differences.     

紫外线吸收剂UV—9的合成与应用

介绍了二苯甲酮类紫外线吸收剂UV－9的制备方法以及在纺织品后整理上的应用，并采用简便的方法，以KC的感光活性测定紫外线透射率，来判定覆盖于基布的试样对紫外线屏蔽能力的大小。     

D.S.D酸中色素杂质含量的测定方法

通过研究提供了采用在一定条件下的Ｄ．Ｓ．Ｄ酸钠盐水溶液的吸光度来表示工业品膏状Ｄ．Ｓ．Ｄ酸中色素杂质含量的方法。该法具有简单易行，准确可靠的优点，在生产实践应用过程中取得了一定效果     

刺葡萄酒香气成分的研究

利用液-液萃取法提取刺葡萄酒中的挥发性香气成分,用气相色谱-质谱（GC—MS）技术进行分析。通过计算机图谱鉴定出47个峰,46种香气物质,并利用面积归一法,计算出一些香气成分的相对含量,其中醇类为主要成分。     

原生质体融合技术及其在酿酒酵母菌株选育中的应用

酵母是发酵工业的灵魂，优质酵母对于其产品的产量、质量、生产效率等方面都有决定性的作用。论述了这些年新兴的酵母育种技术－原生质体融合技术在酿酒酵母菌种选育中的原理、应用和发展方向。     

Relationships of productive life evaluations with changes in evaluations for yields

The objective of this work was to investigate the relationships of productive life with changes in bull evaluations for yield traits. Two datasets were analyzed. In the first, predicted differences for change in milk yield from first to second lactation of daughters of artificial insemination (AI) Holstein bulls used widely in the southeastern United States were available from a previous study. These were correlated with predicted transmitting abilities (PTA) of productive life from May 2000 USDA sire evaluations. Based on bulls with at least 10 daughters (n = 560) the correlation of PTA productive life with predicted differences for the change in milk yield was 0.30. The correlation increased to 0.36 for bulls with at least 50 daughters (n = 319) and to 0.40 for bulls with at least 75 daughters (n = 284). The second analysis included data on 1831 AI sampled Holstein bulls evaluated by USDA between July 1989 and May 2000. Changes in PTA yields were calculated as PTA from evaluations based on first and second records of daughters minus those from first-record evaluations. Correlation analyses showed that PTA yields from first-record evaluation and changes in PTA yields were positively associated with productive life. Regression coefficients on changes in PTA yields were all positive indicating that increases in PTA for yield traits as daughters aged corresponded with longer productive life. Using changes in AI bull evaluations for yields could improve prediction of productive life for little cost.     

改革垄作农艺促进甜菜的机械化栽培

本文分析了我国东北地区甜菜传统的垄作(行距60—70cm,株距25—40cm)栽培方式对产量、质量及工时的影响。通过在黑龙江省北部和南部进行三年的机械化及平作(行距45cm,株距25cm)栽培试验和生产示范,比较了垄作和平作的保苗株数、根产量、含糖率及产糖量的差异,表明平作的效果优于垄作。同时对机械栽培及平作的各项技术措施进行了评述,对栽培方式的改革提出了建议。     

抗人轮状病毒和大肠杆菌免疫乳持续性的研究

以引起婴儿腹泻的轮状病毒（Ｒｏｔａｖｉｒｕｓ,Ｒ．Ｖ）和大肠杆菌（Ｅｓｃｈｅｒｉｃｈｉａ ｃｏｌｉ,Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ）给妊娠后期的奶牛免疫,使之产生抗这两种病原的抗体,定期采乳,分别用试管凝集反应和反向间接血凝抑制试验检验大肠杆菌和轮状病毒抗体,并摸索其消长规律。试验结果表明：乳中轮状病毒和大肠杆菌高免抗体可持续近两个月,强化免疫,又可得以高免抗体,并能持续近一个月。