"风云二号"卫星用水汽/热红外双波段探测器

报导了我国第一颗静止气象卫星"风云二号"卫星多通道扫描辐射计中使用的水汽/热红外双波段6.3～7.6μm、10.5～12.5μm四元碲镉汞红外探测器性能.探测器工作温度T=100K时,热红外波段探测率D*(10.5～12.5)为3.4×1010cmHz1/2/W,波段响应率R(10.5～12.5)为3.0×104(V/W);水汽波段探测率D*(6.3～7.6)为1.1×1011cmHz1/2/W,波段响应率R(6.3～7.6)为6.1×104(V/W).探测器经过环境应力筛选,密封筛选,电应力筛选,抗太阳辐照试验,电子、质子辐照试验以及高真空、低温工作寿命试验,获得了探测器可靠性寿命数据,器件失效率小于7.5×10-6/h.     

256×1甚长波量子阱红外焦平面研究

GaAs/AlGaAs量子阱红外探测器由于其所依据的GaAs基材料较为成熟的材料生长和器件制备工艺，使其特别适合于高均匀性、大面积红外焦平面的应用。报道了甚长波256×1元GaAs/AlGaAs多量子阱红外焦平面器件的研制成果, 探测器的峰值波长为15 μm,响应带宽大于1.5 μm。在40 K工作温度下，器件的平均黑体响应率Rp=3.96×106 V/W, 平均黑体探测率为D*=1.37×109 cm·Hz1/2/W, 不均匀性为11.3%, 并应用研制的器件获得了物体的热像图。     

集成真空微电子器件的研究及展望

概述了集成真空微电子器件的基本理论、特性、工艺制备及发展现状。现在集成真空场发射阵列的发射电流密度可做到1×10~3A/cm~2,单个锥尖跨导为5.0μS。对于锥尖密度为1×10~7锥尖/cm~2,总跨导可以达到50S/cm~2。一种新的采用真空微电子技术的微带放大器,在频率1THz 下能输出功率1～50W。指出真空微电子技术将是设计和制备新型亚微米器件的有效方法。     

高探测率的GaAs/AlGaAs多量子阱长波长红外探测器

探测器采用50周期GaAs/Al_(0.3)Ga_(0.7)As多量子阱结构的分子束外延材料,并制成直径为320μm的台面型式单管.其器件主要性能和指标如下:探测峰值波长为 9.2 μm,工作温度为77 K,峰值电压响应率 R_v= 9.7× 10~5V/W,峰值探测率 D~*= 6.2 × 10~(10)cmHz~(1/2)/W.     

512×512元PtSi肖特基势垒IR CCD图像传感器

研制了隔行扫描单片式内线转移结构512×512元PtSi肖特基势垒红外电荷耦合器件(CCD)。器件采用最小2μm设计规则,两层多晶硅结构。器件的像元尺寸为36μm(H)×34μm(V),填充系数为40％。器件工作在80K温度下。在阵列帧频为30帧每秒及镜头为 F/1条件下,器件噪声等效温差为0.15K。用1000K黑体测得其探测率D~*为1×10~(10)cm·Hz~(1/2)/W。对器件设计及性能测试结果进行了介绍。     

两种新型红外探测器

华北光电技术研究所近期研制成下述两种红外探测器: 1.碲锡铅异质结红外探测器 这是以碲锡铅晶体作衬底、用液相“异质结”外延技术制成的红外探测器。响应波长为8～12μm,适于室温目标的探测、成象。可应用于红外前视、医用热成象、遥感、跟踪、污染监控等方面。该器件的探测率D一般大于1×10~(10)cm·Hz 1/2/W,最高的D≥4～5×10~(10)cm·Hz 1/2/W;峰值波长λ_p≥10μm。经     

具有宽带响应的GaAs／AlGaAs多量子阱红外探测器

报道具有宽带响应的130元线列GaAs/AlGaAs多量子阱红外探测器的研究进展.通过表面光栅耦合,采用垂直入射的工作模式,在T=80K时测得器件探测率的光谱响应曲线的半峰宽为4.3μm.在λ_p=9.5μm时的峰值探测率为4.89×10~9cmHz~(1/2)/W,电压响应率为2.89×10~4V/W.     

热释电探测器

一、引言热释电探测器是70年代中取得重要进展的一种新型器件。目前最好的单元探测器探测率D(500,10,1)已达到5×10~9cm·Hz~(1/2)/W。我国从1970年开始研究这种探测器,其单元探测器性能已达到国际先进水平。但在热释电多元列阵及热释电/CCD混成探测器领域差距还很大。     

一种光电探测器与信号处理器的单片集成器件

提出了一种180 V光电探测器与10 V BiCMOS信号处理器的单片光电集成器件。研究发现,器件中n⁺p结的高边缘电场值对探测效率的影响较大。利用Silvaco TCAD软件进行了仿真设计,研究了高边缘电场对该集成器件中光电探测器的关键参数的影响。引入金属场板,提高了探测效率。仿真结果表明,该单片集成器件实现了光电探测器与信号处理器的工艺兼容和电压兼容。对比未引入金属场板和引入金属场板的情况,在入射光波长为1.06 μm处,外量子效率分别为4.68%和36.3%,响应度分别为0.04 A·W-1·cm-2和0.31 A·W-1·cm-2。     

自支撑P(VDF-TrFE)红外探测器

本文中制备了具有自支撑绝热结构的Al/P(VDF/TrFE)/NiCr红外探测器单元,其中NiCr半透明膜作为探测器的上电极和吸收层。实验结果表明：P(VDF/TrFE)薄膜具有很好的铁电性和热释电性,其铁电剩余极化强度和热释电系数分别为7.1 μC/cm2 和27 μC/m2K;探测器单元在500 K温度下的电压响应率和探测率分别为4436 V/W和3.3×108 cmHz1/2W-1;通过对电压响应率随频率变化的实验数据进行拟合,得到探测器单位面积的热导和吸收率分别为2.6×10-3 W/cm2K 和0.1;利用P(VDF-TrFE)探测器单元可对目标物体实现热成像。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.