液相色谱-质谱法测定果蔬中10种酰胺类杀菌剂残留量

建立一种测定果蔬中10种酰胺类杀菌剂农药残留量的液相色谱-质谱检测方法.样品经乙腈提取,固相萃取柱净化,液相色谱分离,选择离子监测-大气压化学电离质谱测定.试验结果:10种被测物在0.05mg/L～5mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.9956.方法的测定低限为0.01 mg/kg,平均回收率为72.8%～96.6%.重复试验7次,RSD值小于11.1%.     

高效液相色谱法测定调味品中苏丹Ⅰ～Ⅳ及对位红

调味品样品经乙腈提取、超声波萃取,提取液经离心、过滤后的样液经高效液相色谱紫外--可见光检测器测定,外标法定量.该方法在0.1 mg/kg～2.0mg/kg范围内添加回收率为97.0%～102%,变异系数小于5.0%,最低检出浓度为0.04mg/kg.     

液相色谱-质谱法测定果蔬中8种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂残留量

建立一种测定果蔬中8种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂农药残留量的液相色谱-质谱检测方法.样品经乙腈提取,固相萃取柱净化,液相色谱分离,选择离子监测-大气压化学电离质谱测定.8种被测物在0.05 mg/L～5 mgL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.995 3.方法的测定低限为0.01 mg/kg,平均回收率为76.5%～92.5%,重复试验7次,RSD值小于10.2%.     

超高效液相色谱法测定水果中咪鲜胺残留量

建立了水果中咪鲜胺残留量的超高效液相色谱（UPLC）检测方法。样品经乙腈提取,PCX固相萃取柱净化后,以甲醇-水（70∶30, V/V）为流动相,在流速1.0 mL/min条件下等度洗脱,检测波长为 225 nm,用UPLC法快速测定水果中咪鲜胺残留量。在0～5.0 μg/mL范围内,咪鲜胺的峰面积与其质量浓度呈线性相关,相关系数R≥0.999 7,在香蕉、苹果和柑橘中分别添加0.2 mg/kg、0.4 mg/kg、1.0 mg/kg 3个质量浓度的咪鲜胺标准品,回收率为93.00%～101.10%,精密度实验结果相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.219%,方法检出限为0.032 mg/kg。该方法能满足水果中咪鲜胺残留量检测要求。     

食品中环氟菌胺残留量的气相色谱-质谱联用检测方法的研究

建立了食品中环氟菌胺残留量的气相色谱-谱检测方样品中的环氟菌胺用乙腈提取,提取液加入氯化钠脱水后,用Envi-Carb/LC-NH2柱或C18固相萃取柱或弗罗里硅土层析柱净化,气相色谱-质谱法测定,外标法定量。方法的回收率在81.0%～101.3%之间,测定低限为0.010mg/kg,变异系数在2.9%～10.8%之间。     

高效液相色谱法测定动物源性食品中角黄素、虾青素的研究

研究并建立了高效液相色谱测定动物源性食品中角黄素、虾青素的方法。采用加有抗氧剂BHT的乙腈提取、正己烷脱脂制备样液。黄鱼、鳗鱼、鸡肉、鸡蛋、鸭肝、猪肾、牛奶等样品添加0.1～1 mg/kg的角黄素和虾青素时,角黄素和虾青素平均回收率范围分别为84.2%～103.1%和83.1%～98.7%,RSD范围分别为3.0%～10.5%和2.0%～8.9%,测定低限0.1 mg/kg。     

气质联用法测定食品中特丁基对苯二酚

建立了气相色谱-质谱检测食品中的特丁基对苯二酚的检测方法。样品经乙酸乙酯提取浓缩后,再经饱和乙腈溶解,正己烷脱脂,以气质联用仪选择离子定性、定量,方法简便、快速、准确、可靠。测定低限0.05mg/kg,回收率90%～102%,相对标准偏差1.10%。     

纺织品中短链氯化石蜡含量的气相色谱-质谱测定

文章采用正己烷提取,弗罗里硅土小柱净化,正己烷/丙酮的混合溶剂(体积比:3/1)洗脱,利用GC/MS对纺织品中短链氯化石蜡(SCCP)的含量进行测定。对样品进行20.0mg/kg和40.0mg/kg浓度下的回收率实验,各浓度平行试验5次,平均值分别为83.51%和98.6%,相对标准偏差为1.81%～2.26%,测定低限为5.0mg/kg。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定酸奶中木糖和5种低聚木糖含量

采用高效液相色谱串联质谱法(high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/MS)检测技术测定酸奶中木糖和低聚木糖(木二糖～木六糖)的含量。酸奶样品经乙醇:水(9:1,体积比)提取,采用Altus UPLC BEH Amide(1.7μm,2.1 mm×100 mm)柱,以乙腈-0.10%氨水溶液为流动相分离目标物。电喷雾质谱负离子模式(electron spray ionization negative,ESI-)下,多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)检测,外标法定量。该方法在0.1 mg/L～5.0 mg/L线性关系良好,相关系数(R0.999 5),方法检出限在0.12 mg/kg～0.54 mg/kg之间。3个加标水平下进行回收率试验,回收率范围为76.5%～88.4%,相对标准偏差为5.1%～9.8%(n=6)。该方法样品前处理简易、方便,精密度、准确度和灵敏度均满足酸奶中木糖与低聚木糖的检测要求。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定纺织品中六溴环十二烷

采用高效液相色谱串联质谱法研究并优化纺织品中三种六溴环十二烷(HBCD)的检测方法。纺织样品经过丙酮自动索氏提取、浓缩、甲醇定容,采用HPLC-MS/MS对三种HBCD进行检测。HPLC-MS/MS的优化条件为:流动相V(甲醇)∶V(乙腈)∶V(水)=40∶40∶20,三种HBCD的定量离子和辅助定性离子对为:m/z 640.6/80.8和m/z 640.6/78.9。待测物质量浓度为0.01～0.50 mg/L时,线性相关系数大于0.999,α-HBCD、β-HBCD和γ-HBCD的测定低限分别为0.01 mg/kg、0.02 mg/kg、0.02 mg/kg,空白样品的加标回收率在85%～105%。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.