抗氧化剂对杜仲籽油抗氧化性能影响的研究

采用Schaal耐热实验法,以过氧化值(POV)为指标,研究了温度、时间对杜仲籽油自氧化过程的影响及添加抗氧化剂对杜仲籽油抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明,温度、时间对杜仲籽油的自氧化过程有显著影响,且温度的影响更明显;叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)对杜仲籽油具有良好的抗氧化效果,异VC和柠檬酸均对TBHQ与没食子酸丙酯(PG)复配而成的复合抗氧化剂表现出较强的抗氧化协同作用,异VC的抗氧化协同作用优于柠檬酸;添加0.02%TBHQ+0.005%PG+0.01%柠檬酸或0.02%TBHQ+0.005%PG+0.01%异抗坏血酸复合抗氧化剂,可使杜仲籽油在20℃条件下的预期贮藏时间从2个月延长至14～15个月。     

不同方法提取的光皮梾木籽油氧化稳定性研究

研究水酶法、微波辅助萃取法和超临界CO2萃取法提取的光皮梾木籽油的自氧化程度随温度、时间的变化关系,以及抗氧化剂对光皮梾木籽油抗氧化效果。结果表明:超临界CO2萃取法提取的光皮梾木籽油在储藏过程中更易被氧化;在抗氧化剂添加量都为0.02%时,3种抗氧化剂对超临界CO2萃取法提取的光皮梾木籽油抗氧化作用的大小顺序为特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)维生素E丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA);柠檬酸和抗坏血酸都对抗氧化剂TBHQ表现出一定的抗氧化协同作用,且柠檬酸的协同效果优于抗坏血酸。添加0.02%TBHQ+0.01%柠檬酸能有效抑制该油在保存和销售过程中因氧化而产生的酸败,可使籽油在20℃下的预期贮藏时间由2个月延长到10个月。     

非洲山毛豆油抗氧化稳定性研究

采用Schaal烘箱法,以过氧化值(POV)为指标,研究不同抗氧化剂种类以及质量对山毛豆油抗氧化稳定性的影响。结果表明,TBHQ对山毛豆油具有良好的抗氧化效果,柠檬酸、抗坏血酸、植酸对TBHQ和BHT复合而成的抗氧化剂表现出较强的抗氧化协同增效作用,协同作用强弱依次为Vc>植酸>柠檬酸;添加0.0150%TBHQ+0.005%BHT+0.01%Vc复配而成的抗氧化剂,可使山毛豆油在20℃条件下的预期贮藏时间从不到4个月延长至13个月。     

抗氧化剂对蘑菇酱抗氧化性能的影响

采用schhal烘箱法,以过氧化值和酸价为指标研究了不同抗氧化剂对蘑菇酱抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明:相同添加量下,TBHQ对蘑菇酱抗氧化效果最好,但是0.02%TBHQ抗氧化效果不如0.015%TBHQ和0.005%BHT复配的抗氧化剂,抗坏血酸和柠檬酸均对复合抗氧化剂有较强的抗氧化协同增效作用,抗坏血酸的抗氧化协同增效作用优于柠檬酸。因此选用0.01%Vc+0.015%TBHQ+0.005%BHT作为蘑菇酱的抗氧化剂,可使蘑菇酱在20℃条件下的贮藏时间从256 d延长到576 d。     

抗氧化剂对青刺果油氧化稳定性的影响

以低温液压压榨青刺果油为研究对象,通过Rancimat743油脂氧化稳定性测定仪测定了青刺果油的货架期和抗氧化剂、增效剂与抗氧化剂的混合对青刺果油氧化诱导时间的影响。结果表明:20℃条件下、不添加抗氧化剂,青刺果油的货架期为197 d,添加相同量的单一抗氧化剂,抗氧化效果为TBHQ>PG>BHT>BHA;抗氧化剂与增效剂混合,抗氧化效果为柠檬酸+TBHQ>植酸+TBHQ。因此,建议在青刺果油的加工中,加入柠檬酸+TBHQ作为抗氧化剂,增加其货架期,延长青刺果油的安全使用时间。     

抗氧化剂对猪肉脯抗氧化性能的影响研究

猪肉脯是一种经高温烤制而成的传统关食,其在贮藏过程中脂肪氧化,POV值升高.本文采用Schaal的耐热实验法,以POV值为指标,研究了TBHQ、BHT、BHA和柠檬酸对猪肉脯的抗氧化效果,结果表明:单一抗氧化剂的抗氧化性能大小顺序为TBHQ>BHA>BHT,复配抗氧化剂的效果优于单一使用TBHQ时的抗氧化效果.0.01%TBHQ与0.01%BHA复配的抗氧化效果比较理想;柠檬酸是增效剂;猪肉脯的最优抗氧化剂组合为0.01%TBHQ+0.01%BHA+0.01%柠檬酸,可使猪肉脯在20℃下的贮藏期达13~18个月.该研究为解决猪肉脯脂肪氧化,延长贮藏期提供了理论依据.     

光皮树油氧化稳定性的研究

光皮树油富含不饱和脂肪酸,营养价值高,但氧化稳定性差,难以保藏。本实验研究温度和抗氧化剂对光皮树油氧化稳定性的影响。结果表明：温度对光皮树油的氧化过程有明显影响,会加速油品变质;不同抗氧化剂的抗氧化效果不同,特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)对光皮树油具有较好的抗氧化性能;柠檬酸和抗坏血酸(VC)对TBHQ 均表现出明显的协同抗氧化性能,且柠檬酸的协同抗氧化性优于VC;添加0.02% TBHQ+0.005% 柠檬酸能有效抑制光皮树油在保存和销售过程中因氧化而产生的酸败,并可使光皮树油在20℃下的贮藏时间从4 个月延长到9 个月。     

几种天然抗氧化剂对牡丹籽油氧化稳定性的影响

采用Schaal烘箱耐热试验法,以人工合成抗氧化剂二叔丁基羟基甲苯、丁基羟基茴香醚和特丁基对苯二酚等为阳性对照,研究茶多酚、苹果多酚、葡萄多酚、野葡萄多酚、牡丹籽多酚、生育酚、脂溶性迷迭香提取物和水溶性迷迭香提取物等8种天然抗氧化剂及2种增效剂(维生素C和柠檬酸)对牡丹籽油氧化稳定性的影响。研究以过氧化值为评价指标。结果表明,在国家允许添加量范围内,几种天然抗氧化剂均能提高牡丹籽油的氧化稳定性,但单独使用的效果要弱于人工合成抗氧化剂特丁基对苯二酚。其中脂溶性迷迭香提取物抗氧化效果较为理想,与合成抗氧化剂特丁基对苯二酚效果接近。维生素C与柠檬酸是抗氧化剂的良好增效剂,协同抗氧化作用显著,且维生素C的效果优于柠檬酸。复合抗氧化剂的抗氧化效果优于同等质量浓度的单一抗氧化剂,复合添加0.01%脂溶性迷迭香+0.01%茶多酚+0.02%维生素C、0.01%牡丹籽多酚+0.01%苹果多酚+0.02%维生素C和0.01%脂溶性迷迭香+0.01%茶多酚+0.02%柠檬酸均能显著减缓牡丹籽油的氧化速度,可使牡丹籽油的贮藏时间明显延长。     

抗氧化剂对杏仁油贮藏稳定性的影响

采用Schaal烘箱法,以过氧化值( POV)为指标,研究抗氧化剂对杏仁油贮藏稳定性的影响.结果表明,TBHQ和茶多酚是杏仁油有效的抗氧化剂,植酸、柠檬酸对TBHQ和茶多酚延缓杏仁油氧化都有显著的协同增效作用,而V_C作用不显著.添加0.02% TBHQ和0.02% 柠檬酸的杏仁油稳定性最高,可使杏仁油在25 ℃下的预贮藏时间从32 d延长至2年以上,其次是添加0.02%茶多酚和0.02%柠檬酸的杏仁油,其25 ℃下的预贮藏时间为18个月左右.     

抗氧化剂在青刺果油贮藏稳定性中的应用研究

以青刺果油为试材,采用Schaal烘箱法,以过氧化值(POV)为指标,研究了4种抗氧化剂(迷迭香提取物、维生素E、茶多酚棕榈酸酯、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯)、2种增效剂(维生素C、柠檬酸)及其复配后对青刺果油贮藏稳定性的影响,并与TBHQ作对比。结果表明:4种抗氧化剂对青刺果油的抗氧化强弱顺序为迷迭香提取物茶多酚棕榈酸酯抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯维生素E;维生素C、柠檬酸对迷迭香提取物、迷迭香提取物+茶多酚棕榈酸酯的抗氧化性能均有一定的协同增效作用,且柠檬酸的协同效果强于维生素C;单一抗氧化剂迷迭香提取物及其各复配抗氧化剂对青刺果油的抗氧化性能均优于TBHQ;添加0.04%迷迭香提取物+0.02%茶多酚棕榈酸酯+0.02%柠檬酸的青刺果油贮藏稳定性最高,可使青刺果油在25℃条件下的货架期由128 d延长至784 d。     

核桃油自氧化及其抗氧化的实验研究

以过氧化值(P0V)为指标研究了温度、时间对核桃油自氧化过程的影响及添加抗氧化剂对核桃油抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明,温度、时间对核桃油的氧化过程有高度显著的影响。TBHQ对核桃油具有较好的抗氧化性能,抗坏血酸和柠檬酸对TBHQ均表现出较强的协同抗氧化效应,且抗坏血酸的协同抗氧化性优于柠檬酸。使用0.015％TBHQ+0.01％柠檬酸或0.015％TBHQ+0.01％抗坏血酸为核桃油的抗氧化剂,可使核桃油在15℃下的贮藏期从2.9个月分别延长至29.8个月和38.9个月。     

油脂及其制品中BHA、BHT、PG和TBHQ快速测定方法的研究

研究了采用高效液相色谱仪同时测定油脂及食品中BHA、BHT、PG、TBHQ的检测方法。样品经甲醇提取、过滤后即可直接测定。检测波长 ,2 80nm ;流动相 ,V(甲醇 )∶V(质量分数 1%乙酸 ) =40∶60 ;梯度 ,40 %～ 10 0 %甲醇 /7 5min ,10 0 %甲醇保持 4 5min。 4种组分的回收率在 85 8%～ 10 1 5 %之间 ,相对标准偏差 (RSD) <5 5 4%。该法简单、快速、准确 ,可用于油脂及其制品中BHA、BHT、PG和TBHQ的日常检测。     

BHT与TBHQ对煎炸油稳定效果的比较研究

BHT和TBHQ是最为常用的煎炸油抗氧化剂。通过实验对比BHT和TBHQ对煎炸油及煎炸后食品中油的稳定效果,结果表明在抑制过氧化值方面,TBHQ的效果要明显优于BHT,但在酸值方面,二者都有不同程度的促进作用。     

特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)应用与检测

本文综述特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)应用与检测。TBHQ对大豆油、鱼油等食用油具有良好抗氧化作用,在油中其抗氧化能力优于叔丁基对羟基茴香醚、2,6-二叔丁基对甲苯和没食子酸丙酯。柠檬酸对TBHQ抗氧化作用具有一定增效作用。在高温环境中(如160℃),TBHQ抗氧化效果不好,要使用微胶囊抗氧剂才能获得较好效果。可采用气相色谱配氢火焰离子化检测器和液相色谱配紫外检测器定量分析TBHQ。     

气相色谱法测定饼干中的抗氧化剂BHA、BHT与TBHQ

建立了气相色谱法同时测定饼干中的3种抗氧化剂丁基羟基茴香醚（BHA）、二丁基羟基甲苯（B肿）和特丁基对苯二酚（TBHQ）含量的方法。样品采用无水乙醇提取,经净化、离心后直接进样测定。试验得出方法最低检出限BHA和BHT为1．0mg／kg,TBHQ为2．0mg／kg,3种抗氧化剂加标回收率在86．70％-103．02％之间,相对偏差均小于3％,线性范围在2μg／mL-200μg／mL之间,相关系数均大于0．999。该方法简便、快速、稳定、可靠,适用于饼干中BHA、BHT和TBHQ含量的同时快速检测。     

气相色谱法快速测定食用油中3种抗氧化剂

采用无水乙醇提取食用油中的抗氧化剂叔丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)、特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ),提取液经冷冻过滤后用气相色谱法测定其中的BHA、BHT、TBHQ的含量.试验得出方法最低检出限为BHA、BHT 1.0 mg/kg,TBHQ 2.0mg/kg,相对标准偏差为1.13％ ～3.74％,3种抗氧化剂加标回收率为93.98％～102.22％.该方法简便、快速、稳定、可靠.     

液相色谱法同时快速测定植物油中TBHQ、BHA、BHT探讨

采用NY/T 1602-2008液相色谱条件分析TBHQ、BHA和BHT时,结果发现色谱图基线不稳,有杂峰干扰结果准确定量,导致BHT不能建立良好线性标准工作曲线。为建立同时快速测定该三种抗氧化剂方法,该研究采用甲醇―水(体积比85∶15)进行等梯度洗脱,对比三种标准物质色谱图;结果表明,荧光检测器(FLD)更适于定量检测TBHQ和BHA;紫外检测器(VWD)更适于定量检测BHT;色谱图均基线平稳、峰形良好,无杂峰干扰,TBHQ、BHA和BHT均能建立良好线性标准工作曲线,相关系数分别为0.99999、0.99963和0.99999;TBHQ、BHA和BHT平均加标回收率分别为102.68%、110.97%和102.39%;相对标准偏差分别为3.87%、2.46%和1.98%(n=10)。该法前处理简单、定量快速准确、方法回收率高、精密度好,适于同时快速测定植物油中TBHO、BHA、BHT三种抗氧化剂。     

Direct Spectroscopic Observation of Singlet Oxygen Quenching and Kinetic Studies of Physical and Chemical Singlet Oxygen Quenching Rate Constants of Synthetic Antioxidants (BHA,BHT, and TBHQ) in Methanol

Abstract: Singlet oxygen quenching by synthetic antioxidants (BHA, BHT, and TBHQ) was directly observed by spectroscopic monitoring of luminescence at 1268 nm. The luminescence data showed unambiguous evidence of singlet oxygen quenching by synthetic phenolic antioxidants with the highest activity for TBHQ, followed by BHA and BHT. The protective activities of these synthetic antioxidants on α-terpinene oxidation with chemically-induced singlet oxygen under dark further confirmed their singlet oxygen quenching abilities. Total singlet oxygen quenching rate constants (k_r + k_q) of BHA, BHT, and TBHQ were determined in a system containing α-terpinene (as a singlet oxygen trap) and methylene blue (as a sensitizer) during light irradiation, and the values were 5.14 × 10⁷, 3.41 × 10⁶, and 1.99 × 10⁸ M⁻¹s⁻¹, respectively. After the k_r value of α-terpinene was first determined, the k_r values of the synthetic antioxidants were calculated by measuring their relative reaction rates with singlet oxygen to that of α-terpinene under the identical conditions. The k_r values of the BHA, BHT, and TBHQ were 3.90 × 10⁵, 1.23 × 10⁵, and 2.93 × 10⁶, M⁻¹s⁻¹. The percent partition of chemical quenching over total singlet oxygen quenching (k_r × 100)/(k_r + k_q) for BHA, BHT, and TBHQ were 0.76%, 3.61%, and 1.47%, respectively. The results showed that the synthetic antioxidants quench singlet oxygen almost exclusively through the mechanism of physical quenching. This represents the first report on the singlet oxygen quenching mechanism of these synthetic antioxidants. Practical Application: The synthetic antioxidants, especially TBHQ, have been found to have a strong singlet oxygen quenching ability. This article also clearly showed that singlet oxygen quenching by synthetic antioxidants was mainly by the physical quenching mechanism. The results suggested that these synthetic antioxidants, especially TBHQ, could be used practically for the protection of the food components such as edible oils and vitamins against singlet oxygen induced oxidations without significant losses of antioxidant activity during storage under light.     

Rapid micropreparation procedure for the gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of BHT, BHA and TBHQ in edible oils

A rapid, accurate and organic solvent saving procedure has been developed for the GC/MS determination of three phenolic antioxidants butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) in vegetable oils. The method involves two-step microextraction and a centrifugal procedure in a 2 mL autosampler vial, consuming only 50 mg sample and total 1 mL acetonitrile. Recoveries of the phenolic antioxidants when spiked to soya bean oil, peanut oil and cereal cooking oil at 50, 200 and 250 mg/kg, respectively were in the ranges 95.6-104.3% for BHT, 99.7-107.5% for BHA and 93.6-103.8% for TBHQ with the relative standard deviation (RSD) were less than 3% for their independent measurements. The developed method was repeatable and could be applied to determine trace amounts of phenolic antioxidants in vegetable oils.     

Kinetic Study of the Quenching Reaction of Singlet Oxygen by Common Synthetic Antioxidants (tert-Butylhydroxyanisol, tert-di-Butylhydroxytoluene, and tert-Butylhydroquinone) as Compared with α-Tocopherol

ABSTRACT: Effects of synthetic phenolic antioxidants (BHA, BHT, and TBHQ) on the methylene blue (MB) sensitized photooxidation of linoleic acid as compared with that of α‐tocopherol have been studied. Their antioxidative mechanism was studied by both ESR spectroscopy in a 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidone (TMPD)‐methylene blue (MB) system and spectroscopic analysis of rubrene oxidation induced by a chemical source of singlet oxygen. Total singlet oxygen quenching rate constants (k_ox?Q+k_q) were determined using a steady state kinetic equation. TBHQ showed the strongest protective activity against the MB sensitized photooxidation of linoleic acid, followed by BHA and BHT. TBHQ (1 × 10^?3 M) exhibited 86.5% and 71.4% inhibition of peroxide and conjugated diene formations, respectively, in linoleic acid photooxidation after 60‐min light illumination. The protective activity of TBHQ against the photosensitized oxidation of linoleic acid was almost comparable to that of α‐tocopherol. The data obtained from ESR and rubrene oxidation studies clearly showed the strong singlet oxygen quenching ability of TBHQ. The k_ox?Q+k_q of BHA, BHT, and TBHQ were determined to be 3.37 × 10⁷, 4.26 × 10⁶, and 1.67 × 10⁸ M^?1 s^?1, respectively. The k_ox?Q+k_q of TBHQ was within the same order of magnitude of that of α‐tocopherol, a known efficient singlet oxygen quencher. There was a high negative correlation (r² = ?0.991) between log (k_ox?Q+k_q) and reported oxidation potentials for the synthetic antioxidants, indicating their charge‐transfer mechanism for singlet oxygen quenching. This is the 1st report on the kinetic study on k_ox?Q+k_q of TBHQ in methanol as compared with other commonly used commercial synthetic antioxidants and α‐tocopherol.